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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance+ R7 o/ n8 f4 Y1 [% O: {
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
3 o7 M a7 c8 N8 W6 d. ?* a 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
) L1 D: ~- r$ p: c: ^. j 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)- _! C' L4 f& O3 f3 C
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
% k1 D$ c8 t- _6 g, h: ^, l 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
* e6 F8 r- t2 ]$ d3 \$ H% L. b 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.0 L, G( \& n2 G5 H
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
" j# |' j+ P" A0 ?2 J 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the ) r. x, l7 C* b; X( T
invoice cost.5 J! c3 J, w6 c5 C
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.+ \7 K! F2 Q* N0 I2 v( \" j" x7 P3 e4 {- \
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:' T6 q" Z P, N- e7 c1 |
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 * J. z5 G. }1 d8 I% I
110% of the invoice value
8 R4 L6 m7 P0 r( d (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
: @. ~; n4 F% \3 t4 J! o (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
) |) y' p7 F9 Q 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
" d- Z2 F% L# J# a3 v9 Y9 R1 r 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against & k( ~- H1 d+ P+ j
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.- ?; ^) M0 X# ?% p3 q/ }& T
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险." G; u+ C& V" j6 L
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …6 N" U* l j+ n( a1 n
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,6 R3 e- `6 o3 S1 o" V
解释“投保”
6 q, S0 O, j/ b8 h4 w) x$ {2 o 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.0 w) p1 p( e9 I3 Q7 i, B
注意3: 其他词汇0 L# e. P& E7 f, f% ?5 W& h: G& }
(1) insurance fund 保险基金& ]" O9 t- j3 ]+ V! U) M; u
(2) insurance company 保险公司2 ^6 h' n% X( N4 t/ _6 }- I
(3) insurance contract 保险合同) c3 M+ v- y" M+ z" B$ z" d9 Y
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
4 ? n1 }, T2 T# u( q/ { (5) insurance period 保险期限 ]1 S+ ^. t$ O
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人9 b: M A/ S2 s! o. H6 i
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人+ V% y# D" T8 U9 r$ b+ O" t8 n( x# L
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
* d0 {! b! }( z" M (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同1 {0 q I( D; }, ^/ f g* V
(10) insurance amount 保险金额; v& M. c% A, |& @9 Y" @
(11) insurance premium 保险费
# M2 k+ k# k2 H& L" N! i- M (12) full insurance 足额保险
/ P( W. C w7 Q+ a5 @! n4 Y/ I; X (13) marine insurance 海上保险
: @: _4 W d }5 l i. V (14) cargo insurance 货物保险$ b1 N$ I9 J4 u! M
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
/ H# |7 a$ ]/ k* L! l. v% m# A& q (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期7 j! G3 R% b$ s+ S: d; k
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
0 H9 S8 M4 ?% p- H5 F C (3) voyage policy 航次保险单2 O' |. r& G0 ~. f( |
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)+ T/ \9 e; m" i( x: k }6 D7 m
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
: ~" w; v7 R7 L5 G$ A (2) returns of premium 保险退费# ?$ \; X) @1 O, S# l/ r! m# ?
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”3 B' Z0 ?) G* w; s
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
: m0 O) X# [( M( b8 O0 n 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
/ |5 y8 R, \# E! P* M (损失不在我们承保范围内)
c3 T$ {, ^6 w$ G' t$ Y4 J- Y% r2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely ; {0 m+ D8 h& t
the insurer and the insured.句中:* L: \2 R, s7 a3 l6 R
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
$ S9 k5 L7 ?% C# x* F, \# j/ x 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
7 S- q, `9 C* ~9 ?6 r9 `+ N; { f- G 以下几种情况:
5 Y. N/ T5 Q; ]7 ] (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
: D$ @8 J- z5 d2 T. K- L5 a3 n 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.# N. |1 ?) n% D
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.( g% s" i$ _) C+ {9 l
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
1 j' S4 W% d; m2 t/ l8 n 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
7 [5 U3 B# d; J. L5 j2 g. R (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
& P+ Q7 l3 C: h, X# o$ Q 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.! h7 j3 h- L9 O$ Q6 a q0 _, m9 e$ \$ c
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,& X l* D* V! d$ v# q
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首( S! q' B0 `$ y; \4 m: I
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
C! }1 {( u, Z5 i8 N 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
; b3 _7 B" @; ?2 X& H 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是” A- o) Q3 |* G
S1 j; q7 `/ T% r' J" S. T
3. 句子: ( ]- r8 V7 t" Y4 P9 i% N* o+ h/ E
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
: s& S" v7 P" v% c4 e/ ^* m within specified limits, that could befall the other party. h+ h3 y) I/ H$ h* C9 M6 T
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
$ {: A8 s: r- Q2 L meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
. d# c, }4 |# N0 W* \' G (1) 负担 (责任,费用)4 s! J" S* h+ [: m1 T2 b
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
% Q+ z" M1 G/ T% ^ return of the goods.
( V: {, W- \+ ^) J' z3 F 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.5 R% L3 E# Y, Z" z" a. h, J
(2) 满足 (需要)) D& I; a, ]3 H; M) s% g
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current % G/ W. A4 U; I) V
demand / your request for this type.
- f- z2 Z" P& C1 E 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
( x- Q% \ [* i$ w; r 3.2 consequence 后果
9 g- C: J- C R" K2 W 3.3 certain 某个,某种.5 @2 s v% [: S, H
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)' m& v) ^9 ~. x0 M' B8 x* \
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)$ v( P X/ D* l
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
# ~) i! a) m i/ u. h/ r* a% H 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)0 s& z9 N: O" N) y2 E# {. P& W
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
0 B/ l y$ K7 W/ ~ 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” ; r% V7 U, {+ M, a9 G
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
3 g& T3 |3 j" ~8 [ 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
- m" J5 s6 [* o$ h+ ` 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
2 p% f' T/ Z+ u# R. L) ~, n b4. 句子:: t) P7 q2 t7 P$ k1 M5 \# r: n
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial & o' J8 h$ r9 C- Y
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
( q# b& S, l/ W2 Z$ o& b secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
q& Z6 q* J1 U; C- @& C# \# T
0 f* L' O0 C9 S/ Q7 z 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中/ I8 b8 \7 y- {6 C" M2 j* j: A* G
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.! {$ i3 c+ p# o4 s' [
5. 句子: , |& Y/ z m. A& e
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance ; {! ?0 @0 H4 A0 b
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the 4 ?% k& a% q- F" S1 W! V6 s( T
owner./ K4 }/ R- d! B" Y2 y+ G; G
我们把句子细拆就明白了:
/ i2 [4 s* W3 \ (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
; I0 \0 T1 o. E1 z& D% O owner of cargo. 5 @2 b4 D& _# k
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
" k# i( H- B. c5 K (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
3 B& ] ?1 @+ p- @ representative acting on behalf of the owner.
4 N9 ]7 T. J0 C( O8 z 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.2 u# Z( y$ H1 l& J! ^- [
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
5 d" x3 t2 B! {- L owner of cargo. : i% k; V- ]- _0 b- P, ^- L
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
; E; Q" d0 f# b$ C) K) b (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a $ X1 F. { U7 r$ i `5 L# D
representative acting on behalf of the owner. + I" G8 s! K9 h
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.8 h; j S. g1 Z
6. 句子:0 Y3 W8 M+ V' U6 G, l
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to 9 s! n& h5 L4 F$ g$ H& s8 M
insure the cargo in transit.( ~, r; E7 E: F
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…$ U( D: Q n3 O# l3 v
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的- |1 s% x' X) u$ d/ a
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7. 句子:- f$ m: g! S, j* [( j7 [
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible " F% ?3 q4 p+ |# Y3 E' K: X7 i7 G
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
. q- r5 u1 L% u" T; m or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information * v/ ?3 U% [ {% x' [
when he is handling goods.
: d. ~; r: d$ ~) G( L, H 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
9 K0 h$ w" Z2 Z1 N/ v it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
- u. v- c+ G& n' H# C0 _: w. Y1 N 或者
8 J* f! |; X3 G0 K1 M it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
5 D. _, R! r, O0 t. Q instructions or information when he is handling goods.
' ~# n7 a& F! r2 j1 X 7.1
# U1 I% t$ U* ` it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo." e6 _- @# Q, y9 _0 T% e0 R' f
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
1 }* |1 [: w3 m" }. M 8 f' `8 w. r! g4 B5 N$ r
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.1 p! r* W: B( i2 Z+ S2 m3 k
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,7 \2 Q' h8 J. g: r; e
主语就出来了,即:
' S% _/ y2 f# V: p 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
8 A! o* J( x S 同理,
" ?& x: p' F. y- X 7.2 3 K2 k2 x j3 c3 a2 A0 ~
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
) n8 f7 b$ D, w instructions or information when he is handling goods. - V" R o9 d" z: k- Z
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information ; T8 i' N: c! Q2 A2 P+ ?6 P
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.: O1 o% m m0 ~& d2 Y2 K( _# ]
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,0 P8 @; B3 p9 r9 O5 p
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
4 @; ~/ j& a% ?8 Z (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
; g" A7 L. D( ]. c# w. U (2) handle的解释通常有:
) I3 h4 m/ o" z& v% I$ h$ T, ^ ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
( B& X: K( _0 C) P ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.+ x& c+ I5 W: Z
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