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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
2 C* m: f* ?0 s" h+ n! m1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:4 l7 p5 n$ |1 E
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
}3 l& A, c+ V) ?* B6 d/ ~ 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)6 m( `( L B, }8 }
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词: ^' i$ \( o: B/ `+ n3 w6 g; K
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.; }# g! d, ^+ N- x: k
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
; N9 u# _/ I' t5 L6 E, l 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
! s+ U. o, T/ M g% Z. ` l 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the & q, i- Q$ ?! Q! o0 s3 S0 i$ r
invoice cost.
& B/ s' v& w2 X2 d% j 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
9 q* |; b* Z% G# A% J! I- P 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
+ j" d5 G( [1 y' M. G! D1 x (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
. ]: Q1 R3 v' t 110% of the invoice value
( V: S% e8 E0 z/ f7 P( T (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%, Q' }, O- Y- i9 D
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
+ h- u1 j- ?6 D 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
( z8 }, p" Q- I7 m6 Q 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against V& v$ `/ q# R8 r( m$ r4 O% a, X
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
! b% p6 V/ ]7 h& J& [ 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.$ l& {4 o* C4 ^4 B: p8 |1 N8 T- x) ?# B
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
8 f) f% q9 g5 H& I0 q8 Y: W- B 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
5 @% ^' }% y# ?' M2 v/ E 解释“投保”* |% ?& Q) p" q9 h
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.( ?: e) T6 @. l' x7 F( L T* P2 _
注意3: 其他词汇
4 H- n1 g, P0 ~! J2 v% o) g2 U (1) insurance fund 保险基金( \5 j0 c+ X& U, j% v; y* e
(2) insurance company 保险公司+ W, W; g- u' z% W" A% b7 f
(3) insurance contract 保险合同( _3 N6 y+ S) o9 V
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款+ ^0 {6 U9 X6 }* _2 M: `
(5) insurance period 保险期限
4 A$ [9 @) [ A5 r$ a$ W (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
i3 c H" o5 T9 G' D3 z+ ?: N5 [ (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
5 t$ i" @! Z& S4 J4 a' A (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同0 K2 N+ S6 n/ @$ w7 @- @' z0 q# ?
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
8 h- r8 @1 l9 Y: ~) x, ` (10) insurance amount 保险金额. e' V& R& S* O, h7 f' x
(11) insurance premium 保险费
) Z% E8 Q" c; N) ~8 N4 F; G, d (12) full insurance 足额保险
) o; @/ d7 ]. K" B6 j( r% @( ? (13) marine insurance 海上保险
* d4 v% R0 ? W7 \ I" T0 m( s (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
" M! I4 J! s' I2 c8 @ 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
7 U a9 J3 a; D3 y1 V$ l5 K (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
. y5 R, G R. x" }6 r (2) valued policy 定值保险单7 i: L! n) p4 u5 k6 ^3 b- Y
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单$ m3 _. Y8 d! f
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
/ p- \7 y+ ]4 H; z! E, h$ | (1) rate of premium 保险费率
$ D3 x$ |: }& a( o! [5 R (2) returns of premium 保险退费# W6 p/ @2 B+ G1 w; ^. v1 S
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
$ Z0 |7 ]# ~8 R5 {5 g 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
) g" Y. u* o5 t- ^1 X 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. " J7 i5 Q+ U# w9 o8 F4 [9 |- {
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
0 K2 U! r! S1 N9 q* A/ K ]$ Y, B2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
7 ]$ {2 j8 J: Q5 ?5 w* H the insurer and the insured.句中:
! P5 w9 ~4 z1 `1 d' x 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
0 z" E4 N7 C* f) k4 e3 A 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有! N2 I6 R/ u/ Q2 ^, |+ P
以下几种情况:; `! m7 ~# m- k% R% m- V/ B/ T
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
; n7 J0 Z& @' G; u 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.. ^! C8 W o3 m3 U
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
9 c" X+ O! O' G (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
& S1 J5 y a5 C 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
4 c$ N; E/ i( y4 f- F8 Z$ K (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
* H" J K, @& I; q 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.8 i0 t/ `! m3 k+ r3 W1 w
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,# e9 |1 T, Q( _; Z
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首0 _7 |2 Q% C- S3 I7 p) h
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见., s( D0 c+ P' Q% Q; e# I
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
! o. ?! l$ F( X. v 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
0 }6 Y" K+ ]4 P2 B0 o% t# G# G) \- s
3. 句子: : W# j/ f4 ?9 @8 g9 p3 x
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
5 L5 t" m5 `( P% u+ |& h$ ^ within specified limits, that could befall the other party.5 P# a1 @' l1 x6 |2 U' z/ w1 m
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
" z# N$ V# D+ R& ^( Z+ I2 C meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:9 t$ G6 i* e9 Q
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
0 \2 C% E* S. x- p6 q 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the + |4 @4 H* Z2 J* k( ]
return of the goods.
" _+ a7 _& q) x5 m& T5 n 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
9 Q+ ]$ \9 s7 Y (2) 满足 (需要)
* F# V2 h& [' ~1 _' M, z; z: t2 Y 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
9 C' b$ O* W; N demand / your request for this type.. @2 M0 t' l- v
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.4 s% m" G2 m0 J+ d) T
3.2 consequence 后果
; r% y0 B. Y9 d" H Z 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
/ t- t1 F Z# ]) }- ^ 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
: P9 L9 R H. ? 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
& L' Y& e# u9 c 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内- h0 Q, |7 n! ?1 M" ^% }3 D8 t
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)' k9 I$ C( \% ?/ V. I
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
; M' E8 Z* E7 L4 o7 |# Z 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
+ W0 R: R K2 P P5 B( D 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件, f3 @6 t. c9 ~8 r1 b; d0 C. k
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的! R( V7 l8 O- R) A& p+ w
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.6 S9 b% z' y5 b0 F8 Q) ]! D
4. 句子:
- z c- w* G; r$ } The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial , _" j; e3 P G, _8 P A( G6 a
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
9 j3 H, U s8 Y2 _" `& l secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得: c: H+ |5 k9 E( N2 q7 b* H! J
& E$ T4 i7 ] A1 q/ m0 { 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中9 t9 {/ j- y4 x) Y% G
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.: B8 L5 `1 `5 j P8 P2 }/ \7 d! g0 u$ x
5. 句子:
4 H; K1 Z& M: O/ x+ j+ h% } It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
' Q' M' b* l# w1 o# W, z broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
- f! P3 C& G) }8 e; Q7 C, E- ~$ g, W owner.
t& E: r$ }! L/ ^; o 我们把句子细拆就明白了:
' G! b( n& `7 t' Q" E (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the 5 X% m# w5 B8 P
owner of cargo.
- L! D7 @7 c' N( u) C* ]9 G 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.0 {5 ?7 c2 u0 z. Z
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
; ? ?/ i& x# B representative acting on behalf of the owner.
7 X& _% L6 U' J9 B8 q- Q 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.2 b# e: R) Y( G1 T0 n( P
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
& T/ @4 O' A. ]/ Q0 I owner of cargo. ) i# P+ X& G" l
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
- H' \5 H# |& _" y (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a ! j4 Z; W' q7 Z: l7 Q9 V5 |
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
8 W1 X8 @ u& ^+ [% a& y 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.2 i" W# D- p! d9 V& T3 M
6. 句子:0 ~ g S6 E# s* Y0 _1 y( l
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
5 @! B3 {- U! ?% ^" ~8 Q- @+ z1 ~ insure the cargo in transit.- t: G) F; ]# J, J
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…8 x& V* X- j6 q; A! z \
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
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7. 句子:
. N# t b X) A It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
0 P. X. a* d3 {( R/ j/ c* r and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo . s- r2 ], k1 g) n6 B6 t
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information & N+ I" s' B; P
when he is handling goods.
4 K/ L$ a% E6 w5 D 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:' K" w9 R2 _; b! Z) c6 M1 g
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
+ C) I. ?& q3 k) A9 N9 y, @9 T: g 或者 5 U. O2 H; r+ s; g( u/ w$ s
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
2 I3 Q% \9 l) { instructions or information when he is handling goods.2 ]6 D" ]8 U3 T, _; }
7.1, C8 e' c' _) [5 c; F6 V
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.3 A( E; b) |, E$ l, a- {0 B
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
- Q. i6 w, D9 D2 q/ E
! E1 Y" f2 m" y: W- f7 @ 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
* O: x* F) Y0 E 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,; k$ a3 y* @* J
主语就出来了,即:& r! p* m6 I4 v& A: ] A
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
- @6 S9 h& Q3 A* a6 O4 k# Y 同理,( o2 ~, m6 n6 u
7.2
! v7 L+ T/ l" u4 ^' q# n4 N it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
, S$ E, {0 N# u instructions or information when he is handling goods. 8 w, s8 g; G# F& b! a; S
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information " H0 X6 i' V; G
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.7 G; w+ Y! ^1 ?& I" R
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,) k* O; c1 n, v) N& X, u
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.. B% c; O% P& W# k3 J- R
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
" X2 s! s/ Y# F( [ (2) handle的解释通常有:
! k2 y1 k6 p2 ^- F ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.7 N* r* s& {0 ]7 a7 Y% V- S
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
( m. V+ B2 Y; @' E: N+ z! r, b7 t2 B5 O' z9 t4 w2 }" K, J4 \# {
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