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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
; u' p, F# Q& e; z- n# _- {* p' U1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:: v$ T y" @/ u0 p, U
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)5 ]% ?8 d9 k0 @$ z# h5 v- d. L7 o
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)3 `+ w/ l0 i I
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
% p4 y: @ u& v 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.9 S1 C+ R- Q5 ^' S% a% O+ W* n
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.5 e7 [# z0 [. \* @/ O$ ~) f
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
0 {) K: W! v: I: v6 H/ _ 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
3 r! q: o1 P7 m- v$ X$ s" Q invoice cost.' z5 l: N$ r3 D' o, W/ n- p: f) ]
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
5 T( I6 l/ \6 |% `8 E8 q. k 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
+ h1 h6 U. B8 P9 [. l5 C (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 * @1 Y8 G, i l D( G
110% of the invoice value' ^' t' Q* g: z. Q
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%+ |% Y, ?5 | c* |( s0 `
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost5 H F4 |& k$ g* K& ]4 `2 g6 b& p
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词; e0 n, l# \% [
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against 0 `* y$ r6 k7 p; f+ a
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
/ D7 t. P" b3 {4 l 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.# A4 g/ A4 W' x1 D9 z2 v1 R+ I6 p
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …- O6 D1 \. M H5 _* G' f# E
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
' A( n t- O G* Y+ \ 解释“投保”& ^: b9 ~3 H4 O' o9 {! U8 ]
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.+ W8 \. ~3 Y. L- s, E3 J
注意3: 其他词汇
' R$ `* z5 E5 H; b/ R9 K (1) insurance fund 保险基金
6 H D& F [2 j+ l6 Z* F (2) insurance company 保险公司' o E. u# p5 H2 G* S' o3 A* J
(3) insurance contract 保险合同+ U! D. R8 ?/ E4 v/ ^& K$ K% Z9 w$ s5 \
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款2 O" ~' ]" g! S
(5) insurance period 保险期限' q- _) ^# W+ n, ?5 t1 ~3 g
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人
, h% @& S8 L9 y! k) k- x. y$ u v" c (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人( p& d8 v% G+ }+ k
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
6 t! J5 V' Z0 H* J' e1 s (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同& p1 U: o5 B) n! p) i+ T" r
(10) insurance amount 保险金额* ~9 u' G& c7 s" k n: W$ ]. \
(11) insurance premium 保险费8 P5 a, c8 R! [2 u
(12) full insurance 足额保险1 a9 [" j f( u: {- ]
(13) marine insurance 海上保险7 X& ]" }! R+ a; y- a. U
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险+ z5 ~* r1 u4 |- `% J
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
/ I+ i) \$ Z7 o% N0 r) p+ l (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期/ f% z0 @+ V# C5 b
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
5 R$ Z5 K! g, J) { (3) voyage policy 航次保险单' ^" s+ ^; H2 x2 L* ~9 H X U
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
6 x/ s2 S7 f1 G, { (1) rate of premium 保险费率2 S3 \* K$ v& a. n) }2 y h* a1 I
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
# y; r" d" O6 ^- { 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”7 U I: q% E7 P7 E5 I- `" X
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
( ^" \8 \ z5 O" Y) b1 n- B/ {. F F 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
/ b) A6 i! h, R$ W (损失不在我们承保范围内)4 \$ R$ X0 L) u# q5 M: W
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
8 j! i& M0 q0 v+ J* K the insurer and the insured.句中:
& m& X$ K# i" F9 o: y$ i* f3 ] 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词4 c" {. X' w6 O/ V
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
* G3 M* {: ?4 U9 m R2 t0 P 以下几种情况:2 x, }6 a' F5 {' f; i; o
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外1 T# R/ T, c' S5 P% |' Q% v- e
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
8 E, b- d$ c9 N7 j+ t/ s 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.% B/ D7 T2 `7 |% ]- f) e7 z ~
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
+ L) N/ v2 {9 @1 t; d 例如: Eve left the room quietly.. A; ~5 A, B; { Y% ~1 n) E
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
$ O9 o0 D1 k# P 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
' g) @) w S. R# k7 P# l (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
% i# ]# E! h* W* d* M 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
; I4 @# V, Q6 a0 L" e5 O 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
0 Q# u4 Z* \" v$ x2 P 课文中的例子属于第四种情况./ w. E( B h9 c% h1 Z' W% [
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”% y; H" Y" ~1 M
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3. 句子: ; o$ s3 h0 v) L+ k! V
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, 2 r/ U, i. P; w1 e3 e
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
/ j' {& D- t4 l' k8 E. E 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events . w! z. Q' `- M
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:1 ?% r. A/ z. H4 ^/ m4 ~5 \- Y
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
$ P& Y5 x7 C% I7 S5 R& H* z 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the $ O0 }3 p* s& p8 ?) m
return of the goods.
$ _ u$ ~2 u* g! f* X1 R* s/ ^! { 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.6 _) B- z. R; e$ J+ x
(2) 满足 (需要): B8 H, W9 `, {% \
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
Z1 a8 p0 A/ p6 [3 H8 n0 F demand / your request for this type.1 m1 y0 ?9 _" _) H
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
7 _4 u2 r2 b1 B 3.2 consequence 后果; k' n& I5 Y/ ?! T
3.3 certain 某个,某种.
) t) q0 P9 G9 R9 f* G 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)- A- Q5 z: c# t# [0 k
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
/ t5 I( n2 {; p. Y- E; H 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
% S( n; K2 R0 E% {) K. J$ [0 O; @0 s 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
( o; x) q' `5 g# \ 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
2 X" A' q7 W& V1 S5 s; y; x 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” N; ]2 X9 o2 y
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
7 E# B8 g0 p s$ f# N7 k 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的0 X9 o2 R. N+ ] P
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
1 N. ~) `. a/ a4. 句子:
) c# @3 ]* o& G8 Q The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial + r) v4 }7 G, W2 I
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:- k( V- X0 |& F6 d' K
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得( ?$ R; P& m1 ~/ `+ d2 w+ U; K
! s% K8 L+ q F: c; k 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
5 c9 M$ v7 b. s4 {" D/ G 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
2 K! T* N- a$ ?- T5. 句子: 9 s( F5 k' U% Y Z, y
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance , r$ p3 Z4 \+ l" ]" m* @ N
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the + S( K4 x- q; o# K1 `
owner.
, D- R5 L5 @# E! W0 B- a' N 我们把句子细拆就明白了:; `# S% N9 C1 p
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
a( | b1 }- @$ b w- x u owner of cargo. 3 g5 L3 I9 |/ Q# L+ z( R
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
5 t- c$ E( T. {$ u" C$ F3 t (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
- H$ x7 e; b2 s representative acting on behalf of the owner.
; ^1 T0 L) U& @# f2 d+ \( r& D- r 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
' q( I, e. k5 t9 }7 i/ | (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
}' T5 V! L5 p: `' r owner of cargo. $ g; [% A; G3 K
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
6 t, k) ]3 I O# P B) o (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
. [, j. y4 E& S- S- a/ N" E) m representative acting on behalf of the owner.
$ \: k2 p* V& z0 |; ^ 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.+ a& Y# c5 |' c0 ~/ J- M4 n- A+ m) s
6. 句子:
$ i+ ^8 @$ R& V6 w7 T7 x In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
1 v& q: X6 r9 Q$ h: c( ^- ^ insure the cargo in transit.
3 s7 G6 B" E1 I) ~1 l4 N" {6 G 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
2 }' y0 O0 s; D5 ~6 e9 \) _5 i/ p 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
& e: E6 C. I& C4 v# L* [( B6 [" y6 `4 a& c* ~$ ^; [! R
7. 句子:) S8 n/ [1 }: G5 }
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible ; b2 Y- p: `/ }! Y
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
! g' p/ r- r# F or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information 1 o, s' y( _' D+ @8 l. \2 R
when he is handling goods.
: x# k4 V8 F; c" f6 C: k& g. G 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
; G) x A/ Z i, B it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
# X$ Y1 V! V' D7 u 或者 4 ^3 {# E0 E# ^! G% U1 ?8 ~
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
* ^0 Y) C7 W J n H instructions or information when he is handling goods.. \; W4 p' R" N; S/ {% `% X" i6 ?- Q
7.15 j2 D3 V& v0 I& s: q, i% J6 p$ a
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.: E5 d; {: }; Z. H/ R
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
. L& P- |% R9 p# Y2 m ! ]- d/ l- D. X: {0 R, W4 h. p
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
6 m# X6 _" N3 |$ x p* o- |, i 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
* V% ?$ O, M* m7 ]6 I: P 主语就出来了,即:
* k. _; U4 b" \1 D4 U4 T/ S 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, + j& j' f! _ d) ?; x7 y% E- p
同理,. I% l% z1 i$ C
7.2 ) Q1 g) k& x3 l8 `8 R
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
! V$ ]* H3 R& r2 P instructions or information when he is handling goods.
1 i* b% g D- q0 ]) J = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
9 S3 X+ Y3 c; Q+ X4 p+ x when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.* A' h2 d4 [: c" n
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
: W1 o: H) q) J0 I( a X 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
" x0 `5 [( h1 G2 `9 X6 b4 | (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
' |3 a4 J6 ~# f- m: E' _; Q (2) handle的解释通常有:! ?9 ~0 F) `2 b* d. t
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
3 F( p* W7 W5 i" q& M( K' a; \ ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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