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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance+ y) X$ Z- w$ u ` \" ~
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
% }9 [- S2 \6 }7 j. T% @0 G1 _ 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)! ]* {# `- o+ b4 I
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
* y, o1 w8 ?$ {4 p2 I! H 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词/ K$ A0 C0 X: r
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
/ ^% N x/ {9 P& L 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
* u! z ^' f H/ P 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
3 U. L/ F. e: @: [9 t7 m3 t 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
: @0 E( @( ?7 `- m M+ I/ |. ~- Y$ J invoice cost./ ~; b/ a, M$ h8 \" Y7 c
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.' R5 D0 w$ o- r, D2 m$ F2 U3 ]5 `: q
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:2 k6 I5 k% ?+ [
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
# @5 d& @) g$ k3 p+ h6 W. } 110% of the invoice value7 K! W+ J: [) ^6 B" @# m
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
' o1 S8 U w1 k: \6 y( \3 i2 A& L (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
! u0 m$ q- i. s 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
5 l+ W2 k2 C3 g- P6 J 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
7 w1 k/ V0 q W/ M' i7 X! i All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.7 j, H' e) A ^, b9 O. ]
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.5 B4 Y$ ~: r; ~5 m
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …+ b0 o2 D3 v3 }+ |0 g4 M9 E; E
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,+ I- Z' y& [+ i6 l8 k# k2 w; J
解释“投保”$ W4 q0 d8 J# a. L4 A, q# q
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.' p, m: b) W5 v# b9 H) p
注意3: 其他词汇
: t5 Q! _& r* d. }& F (1) insurance fund 保险基金
8 h& Z9 p+ m ~! F (2) insurance company 保险公司
9 p* m5 n2 Y; Z3 B- u4 { (3) insurance contract 保险合同! `4 J e- W4 X' y$ W
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款" H2 Q& g* v1 ~# l7 R
(5) insurance period 保险期限
# i( q o, A3 g (6) insurance agent 保险代理人5 W: F, r% W3 i9 b
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人( N: {) o2 F, @3 S& @8 J
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同/ w# ?0 Z% g% b( I. g" [; K) s9 c! F
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
+ F3 [: v0 T2 g: B4 M (10) insurance amount 保险金额6 `+ q. D' ^, \- _6 e* o3 K$ ^5 ] l: z
(11) insurance premium 保险费5 X% E! U& {, l& O3 ^0 \' Z+ |& I
(12) full insurance 足额保险
0 X6 b4 @, y- l( [8 R+ Y (13) marine insurance 海上保险0 {3 k7 k% G) N" |& q* e
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险' B8 g7 L6 D' {
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
* N$ v* b" N% U0 M4 \0 n (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
0 g- T( n0 I! u6 k1 J7 u" _+ q (2) valued policy 定值保险单
6 _: t) d, j2 y; y (3) voyage policy 航次保险单+ M( s+ W/ H' d- y
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
4 H+ Z2 {+ y0 r9 n* l X (1) rate of premium 保险费率
! t2 E2 \" H' g& M) S* y: M: m (2) returns of premium 保险退费
. y# |; n* f* F* z+ c: { 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
7 W4 }4 U0 {* ^' D m m- _ t. x 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)$ K4 L# C% E0 U' B1 D% U; _2 p
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
) j; l$ I( o' {7 k$ d* M5 V3 V$ m (损失不在我们承保范围内)
# O2 ?) |; q$ _0 R0 t2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely 3 D/ l- J2 |- K* }" y
the insurer and the insured.句中:+ a! E4 a; y9 O- ~; W; w4 H+ k
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
2 O. A9 a' u$ s: I9 R5 A: W" ~ 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
) C Z, c" v4 z- W 以下几种情况:
5 K. D. G8 }! S) D! B. m7 h (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外3 a% p- N# y9 m" A* G/ I
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.7 z% c1 }" E/ R' l2 y
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.6 J4 z7 X/ \1 `% P9 }! g( i
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
) P* w* J7 v% F 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
& L# f5 Q; G# g (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
5 t9 Z8 R1 Y2 u2 e$ t$ o* S 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
! [* Z8 h" x- T0 o (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,, C* c$ ?3 F7 Y- c# s# c% Y: b
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
- f: i; G/ u) p+ i* d 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.& p8 Q0 e0 r: M' [6 ^
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
1 W0 `: \9 l3 t- E) i 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
- j6 T- |- {. \7 t
3 d$ A# E; s* f3. 句子: 7 C: `+ K, i$ y" I
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
: A4 S2 [- u$ w4 r* ~1 @/ f3 j5 W within specified limits, that could befall the other party.1 D' y6 w' { R- i
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events 9 I7 T- F3 Y8 U+ |2 F9 G7 p& W% v
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:5 F; R! ?( x5 |% z0 [
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
/ _( u; U: o _. d 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 0 q9 O d+ D) ]# p( b$ A/ L6 I
return of the goods.
9 g7 m3 u6 f7 }( @ 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.2 z7 I. f9 _' R7 ]+ h- a
(2) 满足 (需要)8 g" P# x# q4 ]+ e5 |2 V" Y5 ]
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current , a* I, N: M1 z6 N3 w
demand / your request for this type.( E$ V9 t0 s) C* {$ `
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
8 s" T5 P8 M# O. Z" u6 u 3.2 consequence 后果
6 v# H7 r# B9 m" M7 p& U- ]: a% F 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
/ K. R, c. w+ Y: L0 m 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)! k' |: ~6 N0 Y8 R( d8 @' g
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)- @/ a* Q& U' V) Z5 ?6 X
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
' k0 p8 i; E# D$ R$ H3 b9 a5 K 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)# w5 ^6 r( `( p m, j" c
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中3 j% g* ^ Y. \
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
5 v9 \, t7 I, u9 {* W 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件. r0 T# f2 l0 y
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的+ L8 E4 ^8 K+ p% y# ?3 a
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.: C1 I) @. T9 m, f& P
4. 句子:% p4 K9 x+ W' t' _. X: k$ E
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
9 N# e l% }% [8 x1 @ assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:+ m' U9 k5 j. T9 Q$ m, Z" M. B5 k
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
) }5 j' L9 d+ C6 V( m( f7 V+ ^
( N3 F" h/ o6 q0 ? 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
, I# C5 s n9 S 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
5 C5 Z0 j) K8 a$ b1 _9 r5. 句子: ' B9 x" @6 z; \7 w9 F
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
, C# P8 Q" W i4 \7 E Y( w# M4 Z* _ broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
) W; I4 i: }2 Y. U owner.
7 _& H9 V8 s2 E: {* v+ b# l# i 我们把句子细拆就明白了:2 h) j4 ^8 ` y! h; S
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the " W& e; r$ t. ^4 n; B" i, b
owner of cargo. 3 T9 d: V1 Z ^- t& S
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
0 G- Y. j) {9 G* C. p7 T (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
) R2 M c/ J" w/ X$ R0 C) m$ y representative acting on behalf of the owner.
; c9 e4 E7 g5 _- L3 A0 Z! M 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
4 r, @5 d3 g0 T5 W! Z7 } (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
) d8 n" x1 Z+ j" ^ owner of cargo.
# H, s1 z3 t6 }. N1 s 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.# Q. J, c0 \' @5 z& y u! F; t; \
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
" f2 ]( Y6 e- z" q& y: a4 q representative acting on behalf of the owner.
9 R: X7 T1 N* W& B 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.. ^6 j9 G4 A0 X8 \+ g
6. 句子:
; v* y7 P, e! O: T In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
! L- `0 v7 |+ V insure the cargo in transit.# I; Q1 f) J3 x
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…! Q1 M8 x {: G. M6 y- U
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
$ N$ e/ l' O4 C5 n3 G7 @6 k/ Y [5 M! c
7. 句子:* Y& j7 Z9 f6 Z
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
" ?, _8 C# H' D8 N9 z w$ g and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo S- X, F# ^. U" b
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information ' R! u. W" A" V
when he is handling goods.
' r+ U4 t9 K; S/ `6 {. n8 `0 z 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:8 U: n' m) o2 f' L0 @9 U
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
/ j1 z6 k2 r1 _* P+ Q F+ ~ 或者
8 g$ f! o: q h9 o# B5 g' ] it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
% w! T8 t0 k' b, e6 i instructions or information when he is handling goods.
: `. c# f- S/ N, ^1 n; F; K, g 7.1
8 a/ ~, Z+ A) Z8 j8 J it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
4 l% W7 y8 Y8 o = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
: Q, j( y! O2 ~ # e! Z; e9 E \" @8 Z7 L
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
" _" Z7 ~( @. a5 W3 D7 B 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
, V3 b+ m& F4 n: [9 |9 Y6 t9 e 主语就出来了,即:
' P- n H3 `6 ] |/ I; N% L- g 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
; ?& U- w) T+ w7 ?/ W+ X 同理,) ]6 d- G5 {& \6 r; ~7 x
7.2 ( a+ u) }$ p$ P* k1 v
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such % Q' e5 H- N5 c' r: Q; G/ V1 x( u
instructions or information when he is handling goods. - e, Y- X2 N3 J3 b
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
% P4 p: g7 V) y( g when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.4 M$ v; a9 {, b/ e; ]
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,* K) V5 V3 g4 U X8 y
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.) R V* t' c. u* t3 x8 I$ |- a
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对+ e, M1 {8 r( U: Y" ] N6 i
(2) handle的解释通常有:
" n7 n8 c% b) o ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
3 A2 q _ Q g/ X4 R( p4 Y ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars. k0 S& J& F- x( e+ N2 `; o% A
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