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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance; }* j9 x$ q& G) d
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
0 {" {$ k }# E5 ?% G 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
/ x- |" f0 a% n; u0 O: }8 ` 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)0 o. Q7 ?3 P8 f; n: `! Y( r) e
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
5 l2 v4 v' ^7 t, M 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
: S2 m6 Y v( t0 R7 U t# [! c, Z 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
& K$ G, q: P1 L* e. }# ]/ p! H 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales' v& Z; O& X: I& R7 [1 r
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
# Q# W: J9 ~0 k! k, N* z0 x invoice cost.1 l8 \! x( M& R7 d
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
5 V; \. b+ i6 @ V 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:1 D: q' m" Y) C7 C2 L( }
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 $ A4 \& {: r9 @ p/ ]
110% of the invoice value+ j# d* l8 }/ b3 B
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%- w9 T2 o2 F) s! F
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
4 w9 K' ~& v2 @ 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
) G6 Q: d& _0 b 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
! u$ B9 N3 J4 K7 I# ~% X All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.( S5 A1 `( C9 H6 g! D
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.& \7 J" o z9 T* J, p
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …+ h6 y0 g" n1 |% I6 N
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
% s% |; b* l4 x# ]! i- G' J" K 解释“投保”3 M, t. Y; n, }
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
/ b. E$ r/ M. \' M) Z! ?: W# H 注意3: 其他词汇5 c; G& T! L4 b3 I+ O# B4 c
(1) insurance fund 保险基金9 k0 M0 d5 H; S% U9 v
(2) insurance company 保险公司
3 J/ d9 s I# e4 i4 |0 c (3) insurance contract 保险合同& G' @6 W+ \3 W: z
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
! z+ @1 @. g5 B- y; d (5) insurance period 保险期限% J% F S( V: W( ]' Y
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人7 k. i" R9 Q" m% V9 w
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人" Y2 Y2 a7 o3 `- m9 O$ N
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
/ t5 G* P7 ]: E, C, q (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
1 R/ W0 W; [! X& k+ D/ ] (10) insurance amount 保险金额
& }9 \. u5 p) c" J1 H7 h( n: B (11) insurance premium 保险费; e3 G" e; a. g' O
(12) full insurance 足额保险
8 N6 C) ~' j/ u: a O (13) marine insurance 海上保险
( H8 E4 e0 N& [4 s" u; { (14) cargo insurance 货物保险( A3 P! j- i! }. {* }5 t/ t0 O
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)! a: I" o& U6 z3 A) H9 e# _
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
; Q }- d2 S( j (2) valued policy 定值保险单
, O' `2 {; N) T (3) voyage policy 航次保险单/ N9 z. p. n# @; s
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)+ M c- L- p5 e) w
(1) rate of premium 保险费率6 i& E0 B- h; H
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
( ]6 b; S, Z8 c6 J& m4 X2 }- h: f, z 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
& L7 i5 d f5 N+ n7 [* a 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
% h$ G% ?: S/ ^ 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
& N2 U: G# J" w; i; |0 n& U (损失不在我们承保范围内)
0 ?/ r( Z6 k' U. {2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely ' u/ e- N$ N7 A% b9 K
the insurer and the insured.句中:
4 S7 B% }- T2 l b 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
1 l1 Z {" U/ n2 Y# K5 P 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
- m ~0 V+ N8 ` 以下几种情况:
- E; ?) p8 O8 E/ {9 J (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
9 Q8 C! Y5 [4 K9 M4 o+ D: o 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
7 Q$ z, R0 a" u; i' K 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
2 f1 @4 P: |( n" _! ^ (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
1 G5 l- {3 k7 \5 W- {- Z 例如: Eve left the room quietly.$ x9 h8 Y! ~! e
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开. T! L* V: D& Q" s% V" G
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.- w# Z& _: Q' L8 t0 I9 \
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
9 F+ ]9 Z7 o6 ]" ^/ C 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
& V/ g- E/ `( f2 `" T" K- @ 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
0 b9 B2 L7 v" {! d2 o 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
3 l( N# b: l8 O \ 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”/ R* x) p0 q; D: B% {' K0 k
* {$ g4 o% v' W/ A* R3. 句子: & u$ r* O/ A4 W( e$ S* p
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, ' {( `( S9 G- S% k
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
, c; @% z5 a$ c4 V1 N 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events 0 N( z4 D C9 Y( l, L! q
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
. M" O3 b- I* o& F g5 D (1) 负担 (责任,费用)$ g, P6 I7 q* b' |7 |
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
: P L/ e4 N0 ^) ?3 U4 G& B return of the goods. % o7 @( Y1 ~# y2 x7 X
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
$ r3 o7 e( Z( G' Z (2) 满足 (需要)3 n& J; b; R, V0 _$ E* M; i
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current 7 v. N- T0 [) c' W! }, P
demand / your request for this type./ t: _- w, b3 K6 s
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.& f5 |% D% J& O0 R% A
3.2 consequence 后果
9 M' i6 b$ I( j) X: ^; b' u 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
9 W! Z+ x- P: f# p7 O- d( J 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
/ _) t/ ?" I/ o. F 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)+ J! ^$ w l f
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
7 s+ I; X, M& ^, I 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
' J- G8 o$ C" ^ ?7 x5 j. ^ 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中+ X0 h5 M$ Q$ M8 n
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” & _$ S0 x/ `& C+ i z, O) b
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
( E% ]8 [4 M; W# C; I7 x1 k 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的8 o" s$ B, B5 d9 a* }2 x
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
3 `; ]1 }5 P& H3 h4 V4. 句子:
2 S6 A. l! ?# b. Y7 l- u o The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
9 C1 Q) K5 w# J/ ] assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
; k$ I, U2 U5 D3 H secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
9 ~7 H) v) c4 j" M5 d
9 r& t. r7 H% a( ^2 s9 u7 y 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
% Y; V. | |0 j7 }9 W3 u2 y 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.( q" g. p' K. @" U* c l! [" `
5. 句子: , W; v+ v' M" }5 {
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
* Z9 G4 C8 T( L, ` broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the $ h7 w. t6 v' |- ?; h4 M
owner.$ ^$ p4 N m: U' ]. y
我们把句子细拆就明白了:
0 r8 c4 M% m7 a6 L# w9 \% M (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
# L1 ]7 h! I! S- X6 w, W2 S owner of cargo. 7 Q5 Z3 q* _( B. F. p
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
\( T/ ~0 H$ G( K8 N; K2 ] (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a - j4 {6 s' S( o7 x5 D
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
- y& E8 Y% d9 y0 R# {. G6 N 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
& l; l8 h! I0 n, J- H3 u3 F (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the 6 E+ X9 B0 U$ d, |+ O. ]# d5 }7 p4 M
owner of cargo.
3 \; J; \) J0 [3 S3 \5 k% l8 q* R 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.1 B0 N/ v& v2 I7 o2 f" o: o" b& o
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a . M: P. O: D1 M9 ~
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
Z. k, j% b$ Q, x5 h+ B' z 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.4 V' U% U3 j( C" g0 X( ^
6. 句子:
[: c+ j& S9 a# \ In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to * O0 a9 q* d1 ~* A' ]
insure the cargo in transit.
) U+ M5 {+ k0 f! H 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
* ] l2 Z: q7 [% W* J 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的: P# @5 J( @! {5 J
5 _/ o) Y* |' S! w# S3 y7. 句子:
5 n U1 P) @5 @( u8 | It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible ; m; z) h. P; \. a9 @+ }
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
* v! s( Z' c' }, z or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
% I' ]9 B- d- Z, u when he is handling goods. 4 `" y; d0 ~" a
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:8 x) A, Z; }2 y" n3 R$ X
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo." Q/ r/ A8 E! r/ g( }/ Y3 k
或者
' E# l5 |$ c/ H1 v it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such + M3 o% \& p! J( f: t* M+ O
instructions or information when he is handling goods.& I8 g' T; V3 k1 Q0 t! n8 j
7.1
2 w& z) ]( q5 J$ k0 i it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
- f4 G, e5 t& E. z s+ m& X, Q = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
" }" _: j9 |: D" }7 O) m7 l $ F V W( L2 J$ _" O. E
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
6 _' n' n- S+ [ T3 ~; p 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
9 Y5 e& f# \$ u, Z1 K7 Y; S0 D 主语就出来了,即:
$ p- e, Z0 p# l S 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, + m( w& Q/ u1 x) {8 C2 w
同理,5 W/ h {4 p! z+ d: r7 X* J
7.2
* R# j7 k8 H- }: D it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
& v0 ~# L. P4 ~% G instructions or information when he is handling goods.
' I2 \" H, s |/ u d, i }, m* x = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information - V( Q) A, e2 \/ Z% P# Z4 S
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.5 O0 A c* S7 Z0 q0 ~
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,. W7 {. W+ h* j7 f$ V
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
; L# P' S; c% W (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对% I- f# n2 Z9 S. ]! x: _
(2) handle的解释通常有:: @3 q, l6 t ~# }3 A8 P3 E
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
( E3 I7 A1 T' S' H( v5 D F2 `8 o ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars." S* ]% g9 _* @3 i: [
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