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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance" w/ d0 s/ H5 x
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
8 n; k j7 t$ T. W( m 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)% E5 L! d7 j& e6 Y5 f1 C8 {$ U" Z
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)7 ?, t3 N; ]- J
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
: Z* P1 l$ o" \" ^! r+ o2 v! q 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales." e4 _# N) W5 y, q/ V
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
+ j- o2 ^9 o' p4 c% }+ d 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
% Q9 l' Q" m+ f1 t0 D* d 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the ' L3 G- t& C' a* D
invoice cost.
9 N% J$ ?& s$ g4 u% h7 L 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.' i* h Q( I' z) U9 H. r0 o, c
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
' G |$ f4 v$ L* G (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 $ i# s# [ o& X- M
110% of the invoice value
# q9 P( |% ]% l (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%6 s; W: y. T' L7 D4 ]8 f# |
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost. X* v* n7 {1 X. s
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词6 Z8 d1 V5 ]# L$ v+ w9 _
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
# y+ }! Z/ m+ J6 V9 v2 R7 X4 P All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
. i n8 k' ~: ]2 g 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险." D& F! w9 I" ]! Z9 l2 u! y
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …$ [4 p# `) D' ~, j0 W: r" i
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
8 V4 e: ^8 [) A. Y6 K 解释“投保”
$ T+ b* w, ~7 ]# E 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks." _( {& ^* h+ V4 x9 ^* f
注意3: 其他词汇
1 R+ F- {; {. v (1) insurance fund 保险基金/ x* }! F( X z. U, h8 r
(2) insurance company 保险公司, w. `3 a; W9 E9 o
(3) insurance contract 保险合同1 m5 w8 u" U$ U, }' @+ @: N2 ?* y
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
! ^- C" X+ p0 t7 ~- L5 c2 v (5) insurance period 保险期限
+ O! R) |! L$ u* @; o( r (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
0 q% s4 M+ N. m+ @ (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人! c9 L+ ]" C, R# n. F
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
4 _, B# J4 r# }) [/ i# G (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同) ~6 @4 F8 P+ w* {
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
- ~3 h4 `$ ?" |5 g% n$ ]" | (11) insurance premium 保险费
: S/ W6 M7 Q2 C# A' x (12) full insurance 足额保险
" q6 _) N( `6 D% Q" y (13) marine insurance 海上保险
& z( A# M; n# @" y* B. ^7 G (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
0 ]0 b- T) @/ M) F! m/ a: N 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy); o0 O# L# f# _! [
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期( q t% W9 b T: g) X4 |
(2) valued policy 定值保险单' p" S: |8 d( o( t, e7 [4 ]
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单" T8 N' v x- m- p- V( D+ H
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
4 `) h3 }7 K# \ _# u0 l% U (1) rate of premium 保险费率
1 P3 B+ M* g% W# q: Q8 n3 } (2) returns of premium 保险退费$ ^: W0 }: `6 g) L
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”3 j4 k. @! X$ T$ x
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
3 m& ^- H/ W( V; s' V4 e; I 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
& D( n8 i% D2 S! v2 A! | (损失不在我们承保范围内)
5 L' R+ q" J1 C9 A& S0 H$ A2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
* x) G- ^9 L0 f& U% | the insurer and the insured.句中:" e( l6 X* }" s
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词6 \$ {$ `: P- J2 n$ [- x4 \6 [! ]; ~0 }
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有8 e5 f! S! ~: P& d
以下几种情况:
' Q0 R2 ?& G( N: u5 m5 z7 s (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外- S( r6 G9 O) g: T# p1 F1 b* V
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
7 M9 T, g* E7 k' u) d9 c4 I 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.! Q/ g. @ [ K- F9 @' z" W
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.. X8 j5 T0 X" _: A/ X
例如: Eve left the room quietly.0 ?6 n" M: }/ u
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
. Z" @% P: m2 v- @4 e; Y; o 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.) ^2 w' d& A$ s: [- ~ c
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
1 o) w) R+ h4 m 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
+ e! O, X$ C k6 h' P, ?# G 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见./ b( A3 l6 X- ]1 N R4 Z" }. x
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
& X! d5 U# ?, N. e4 J 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”3 \3 w. r) H' m- n& D8 A
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3. 句子:
7 q8 |" `* m& [( ~. {1 B: U The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
# z) t! j6 H4 _- a within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
. e1 `0 D, }: @( o4 N, a/ S% {4 E 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
. @4 |9 z8 L4 s% ?# Q, P- K meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
1 g! u) L# D! ^4 `& ]% Z (1) 负担 (责任,费用)
; s) O; Z1 P8 \( D9 g0 h 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
& c% ?% C" X. o8 X return of the goods.
! A: ~, Y4 c: w) M9 ~ 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
6 ]9 z0 Z/ n! F2 c5 D (2) 满足 (需要)
3 a3 ~) p) ~' ?' \! F) _/ b 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current $ ^* r4 W0 V9 ?7 B
demand / your request for this type.1 n9 s1 A y$ p. Q/ L0 M
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.- j6 H. {+ K3 b |1 r6 M
3.2 consequence 后果
) ` Z: C* x5 J" L z, K5 j 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
6 C! F) O% C/ H7 F' v 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
8 E& s$ F. K4 h$ L 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
3 W, d5 g/ k6 p4 v# O 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
! e5 Z# d3 j3 D. J 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情), |9 x! {, _( }' `
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
( o/ Q9 j( U% x' F 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
/ M3 S" S. r `- l 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件- O. p) F) I6 I. E: _
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
/ j& o: L0 O) g) r 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
( |6 `& h8 O- g) I: w+ Y4. 句子:% U9 N; q. B; e' f9 u
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
8 \0 c4 _$ S' I6 v) H assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
: @( B: Z1 V5 x* [ secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得" _4 q# C9 c+ x, o" Z/ o' T: {
, q0 G5 j6 D5 @" K7 \+ j 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
4 W7 z+ m7 W5 q/ a$ S 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.7 i7 A# n* C) c% n
5. 句子:
. \3 r; n2 y) g" V- J$ X2 f" m It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
2 _( d5 ?9 b% v3 p: _, G broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the 6 \9 g; [5 a5 x& f( k
owner.6 v: h5 }" }3 p$ u) }& `
我们把句子细拆就明白了:
- ~! w% }& R- n5 _6 w (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the + z. ~% k- v; M- z
owner of cargo.
' H# ?: g6 R+ P8 l$ {; u 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
5 K% u6 D0 O; i8 P (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
7 h- M' _1 a+ E- K representative acting on behalf of the owner.
, ^4 W; h3 m+ ]* E& D* j 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
; [6 z5 W1 w K3 m- S ~: p (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
8 w: E, u0 m7 _ owner of cargo. v# }: r, i6 x+ r+ g
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.5 A G% J k1 _ H/ Z) c; x, s
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a 2 y: R' [% K5 w6 \: a, D! k
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
) B7 g W* g6 J; x 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.! @: d+ o. Q0 l' Y* x" L x
6. 句子:# R) O$ p+ w, @7 t
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to % W1 W0 F( L7 ~+ [1 c" L5 Z
insure the cargo in transit.7 p% H9 K: |' Q7 B
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
+ m1 n: x) g, ]+ e' I9 }* p 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的 }+ N- D$ h5 V# V# t
* p4 c8 Q& n, o: O. y
7. 句子:9 i/ S# I5 L1 \8 ~
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible - t1 G' y# K" e z. i3 D
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
. ]. j9 `: V5 p or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
2 }2 m/ d, l8 u when he is handling goods.
* `9 R8 I+ ]5 M" C9 b$ g9 ^ 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
/ h1 O# S" d& S5 ]5 s- e7 G& B H it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
. `7 t$ E# S3 M 或者 0 I7 }1 a; w2 Z7 }' F& w) m4 ~
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such ! r, J1 R$ @3 ~: l, q/ `: n+ Y
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
, \( Y$ D' d; F% E) y. ] 7.1
' A0 N/ a, S" V+ R it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
- }9 y% R: R" Q8 l# g% T+ D% Q& \9 Q& r = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
3 X; q, h- o+ {
+ z3 p$ |/ T& r* @* \( l3 W 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
/ J' _9 R) }! Q6 _) r- { 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段," h, B* C; a4 M3 E. v6 l
主语就出来了,即:* y, _, v3 {3 v ?
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, ! o2 _( w3 L* ~/ l# j
同理,
, p+ n2 `' D& O1 g: V 7.2
L! S2 q0 i, T8 T* o it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such # Y u" N! z& j0 U
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
, ^5 U: W: I% W& u4 k = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information $ U- t0 `% H; t0 m3 b
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.) A) J4 e: n9 w) a1 U
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
: B$ [% [! r: j 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
3 s- b4 m: \8 | (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
7 Q' O' z" X5 O' b: L: ~ (2) handle的解释通常有:$ O# x9 K. \5 y7 M
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.. Q; o, O* r+ g( O
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
1 D. {: z2 w7 `. g' ~8 X+ r% U. ^& W* _! `8 [( O5 _) K/ F
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