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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
1 t9 ]4 R. T4 g, j9 @- P9 z* w( ?4 h$ k5 i1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:9 X$ [4 @: Z; ~
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
' g! \7 H) P$ r- ~4 ` 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
I+ Q; o& L8 O8 Z5 U1 M 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
; m) n; m/ ^# `, `) s4 h5 r 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
+ V7 S& o2 B9 C8 m# F 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
7 o/ B, T5 T+ d9 [& i! d; T6 Z 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
; `' Q, V' v& ^0 e2 { 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the & o" O+ Z3 [. f, m+ L: N L! x6 R
invoice cost.
$ @4 @# q H- U 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.# \" m" P, }. }' v5 t$ t5 i( n6 v
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
% K6 |( L( F" D8 N% V/ c# x0 h (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 3 [8 Z& ]5 \7 u- A
110% of the invoice value! @( W4 K& F7 g0 p- r
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
* a; b G8 ?7 H# }- U& x0 i7 C (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
+ q/ H6 O2 G/ w$ o8 y+ @9 r* \ 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
3 A( I5 E8 ^0 J, @) c* l" C 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against 1 ~3 a* X( @2 f, X3 E" Y }
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.( S6 h" f5 N! `6 g3 j
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.# _ I+ P& G& u S0 R$ ?7 U
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
+ v: ~/ d5 S, e3 P0 H+ p" { 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,. O7 P, Y; ~. _* m* A
解释“投保”2 F5 X6 y4 @1 g# f; S
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
0 s( b6 r7 V6 z6 R& z" \ 注意3: 其他词汇$ L! C& K0 o5 ]( s3 U
(1) insurance fund 保险基金
6 L b2 s3 _5 o( @7 [4 G (2) insurance company 保险公司! M$ {4 O2 T. n/ q) o! s2 T3 f
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
% I. e [3 V9 G5 ]: `4 g) V' } (4) insurance clauses 保险条款( G$ ]" `3 w) C7 Y/ t2 [$ ^
(5) insurance period 保险期限
5 b" N; a) R; \. ^1 E$ r (6) insurance agent 保险代理人" b, N! J$ K7 `; \) B T5 q+ m) F
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
: E' g& [$ ?7 ^& c0 r! e (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
* Q7 J0 f' v. p% T/ F (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同' Y+ z* S# x2 M9 P4 s6 @
(10) insurance amount 保险金额 ~+ `! T# ]: G3 V& x* `6 ?0 R
(11) insurance premium 保险费
7 }5 R% p! ^8 N. w( _+ s: T# A (12) full insurance 足额保险+ ?1 h X+ T: Z+ a
(13) marine insurance 海上保险9 e3 u v9 n. \+ Z4 J% I% ]2 R- J
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险
, V6 d; I5 s8 } 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)+ v0 {8 p# l: F, Q
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
2 ?- q( ?4 h6 w' P+ H7 p9 i (2) valued policy 定值保险单0 o& t/ s3 Y- j3 e
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
! X w6 d0 r% v! |7 [ 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
5 q6 G" ]1 p9 U7 n' P3 t2 B: ` (1) rate of premium 保险费率% {+ u3 H" v$ F4 T( x, x/ ]
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
* y5 ^6 C! \+ Y0 }2 o9 w, z0 P q 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
/ @0 P; @* K! a6 i 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)2 o/ J, Y) }/ f7 s0 n
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 1 P0 O# E% P! k3 r, t
(损失不在我们承保范围内)1 f& r- \, b( L1 u
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
6 z/ ]4 }4 y; K6 j. i the insurer and the insured.句中:9 R3 H* ]9 F# o7 _3 `/ g
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词8 X6 U, j0 Z. _- H4 O7 e P$ E
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有& ]% `1 ~/ u' }5 L n: p
以下几种情况:& Z+ x: R0 ?# P4 a4 d4 p) ], b1 g
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
; C! I1 x0 d! d, M8 z6 A, U! P 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.+ c3 Z# D3 C2 y/ F$ ?
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
7 q0 i( O: r, ^ (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
! K0 h! w9 u7 A7 Y4 P8 x 例如: Eve left the room quietly.5 \' N. u6 D7 t7 B4 p2 J$ W) r
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.3 z# z9 w# o( P( k% w- |
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
7 k* ?% ]$ a% ^! M- q0 u (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,4 L# |, c/ y2 U& L) Q
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首6 J" X. V( _& J
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
1 @% M$ `% a5 [% ]: v8 Y' F 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
3 d5 i& t' k8 V# z- W 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”/ W; @ A& b6 k& b4 v
" D8 X( w3 r) [3. 句子:
: c+ u9 R" @" [7 d" L6 ]' w The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
& T7 j7 L' s g) l4 ?0 M! b within specified limits, that could befall the other party.( Q, y+ Z) X2 Q( k" E4 n' Y( A1 B
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events ; R2 u: w: ]" p
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
; ?( k/ f$ ]! R: h) K E (1) 负担 (责任,费用)
. ~) V# u$ y/ b! e X8 S+ Y& n7 C 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the / j8 y* m3 }- D: t1 n
return of the goods.
# }4 d1 k/ x4 E. D5 C 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.$ Q1 [; h# O$ P9 a5 C: C i
(2) 满足 (需要)
! o* u$ |6 e( g$ a: T$ Y' k! R- i: \ 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current 8 \& x( y7 ?' r7 q) v3 E* A
demand / your request for this type.# ~2 |4 s! \7 n+ S+ ?4 J1 s( C
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
) i R* Y$ \7 ?3 n& q 3.2 consequence 后果
- r" I1 t3 H9 k D/ c! U' e 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
# K0 ^8 u f# N( n+ _: h 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
% q% M6 A5 `8 x' o 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
% _5 q! C% R: }/ H$ ]9 X 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
* C+ c4 p. M" p B 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)7 h i q# o, x' S a" l; I: H' b! I
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
; T4 H8 ~. t! B7 \ 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
a6 b, ]3 h5 C8 `' g 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件) H- }" `: {. P
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的1 s! ?! ]9 }( |0 |; p7 ?
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.7 T5 k' N6 f$ O
4. 句子:
0 d4 t$ J. \) V. T5 P ` The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
" |( z* j# c% \ assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:9 Y! u( ? U6 _& O2 q
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得0 P" S4 G: t! `3 w5 B
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进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中% Q" ^' L+ ]& |8 J
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.) F% X- i$ q e- ?6 B# r; E
5. 句子:
% m" d8 j9 [# e5 D6 g+ i6 s It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
% C+ g/ ^/ h% w4 d+ v: h broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
+ \( r+ d2 o- d! b owner.
. y6 V' \, i; z/ b6 f 我们把句子细拆就明白了:1 f b* r7 J6 C# ~1 Y5 b
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the ! U- v) ^% H7 ]& s5 F
owner of cargo.
d9 q" `$ l T/ ?7 i. B 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.6 b( d! f9 P* Q; a) h3 D& d T
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
+ p5 _9 L* E+ b representative acting on behalf of the owner.
* n2 i8 H3 S+ `! B, N7 R 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
3 r( {# K6 ?( y4 V5 ^: r' B (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
# C4 F, v, ?) `+ g' { owner of cargo.
( p1 T+ N4 ?8 h; [6 x 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
5 m7 ~6 e+ @7 T4 D (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
; V# e6 X! f) g4 ?7 x( Y6 ]5 C% K representative acting on behalf of the owner.
7 P: v0 V+ ~; l 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.) ]; o5 a( m0 d! C
6. 句子:
o6 k" j; O4 |; g" S. }/ S; k In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
3 w, m8 ]5 J/ p/ m1 H insure the cargo in transit.# r9 ^9 n5 K9 ]& q" ~, b
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
# W0 G7 t' Q! Q 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
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7. 句子:
" P; _5 n% E, |' y: ^ It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible ; V( v2 a, A4 H4 Q4 a; b' n
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
. E3 Y5 ^) r5 @. Q or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information 1 z! R$ d V8 w& L) B7 z
when he is handling goods. , |3 H% n) b6 P9 t
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:9 e. a% U9 N! m# ]
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
/ H7 l9 `; }: r5 a/ ? 或者
: d" E) V5 X( d, A* c: k it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
6 Z% ^* N3 D2 x5 Q, _ instructions or information when he is handling goods.
9 s/ Y! ?9 _* `: ~ 7.1
$ j' w- O2 M, F* d it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.2 C2 n9 `0 k8 P
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.! o- M$ ?) R/ S/ t
4 D7 x# K) y6 _
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
# y2 @9 l o# A, _! D Y; ]. \) | 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
* d0 w" H+ y, b" G% a" Z. z% H 主语就出来了,即:5 }0 D* H9 p$ P8 V7 A
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
. K% a: G( C$ ]. R 同理,
# }0 N; Y; u( i* A9 e2 r8 u 7.2 2 P; ~: p: o* @& `
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such 2 Q6 l4 S5 c. y w9 _; C# B0 s/ \9 g2 [
instructions or information when he is handling goods. ' T5 i2 D7 M, c
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
' ~1 A. j+ s% y$ J: r when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.: k; ?& A' u2 o' u8 Y' n3 X4 w
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候, r! I& ^+ [( x. f. T) [; Y
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
9 D, c+ F% U5 |; a (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对% C% I3 `; @) B* P9 L
(2) handle的解释通常有:- V$ K7 v) E" \# K
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
& P: ~( B; g9 r) [ ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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