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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance3 a9 Y, [" b! S% z8 J
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:6 B$ O! [" c4 T' `6 R/ M
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)7 t; W) \) G0 _8 A( b- ?, Q
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
9 V. m) i7 F; s% M: Q+ h7 |" G. t 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
7 `9 N3 ^8 k, p9 i2 j2 ?1 g 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.( `: ]3 E& {* J! E7 i0 E, R
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.7 i( v+ ^7 H9 ^( ?
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales6 x: h; D; A3 z1 Z
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the ; J4 G- ^9 }5 U; k U" U; G
invoice cost.
: V8 ~' U) H* _9 X- e/ } 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.1 H6 v7 w2 z+ w% N5 p
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
. Q* t7 J9 E; _- x, G/ U (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 . y$ h& M) c: M8 ?
110% of the invoice value
/ I' d, k/ H4 c5 ^ (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%% C3 R) v2 d1 Q! l2 {0 M
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost5 l9 {' X2 F3 Y& j) u5 R5 u
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
7 B6 g4 ?3 S: N+ u2 O 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
3 @2 h7 Z) o7 v6 a9 M& H All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
2 W, K8 w3 l- d2 E+ z( m! O& A& D L 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
" T& }! a# R: {. T3 J 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …+ C8 o: b3 U/ s+ k5 W3 R
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,0 Y7 F3 J) y! l5 j% T( _2 o
解释“投保”
+ X$ r$ j$ V' e 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
/ D4 J+ M% L# E8 k' G1 u8 h0 K 注意3: 其他词汇
; F% `- c, R. G a' X8 Y (1) insurance fund 保险基金& D7 \& n) j$ g" E* K
(2) insurance company 保险公司* I3 b" I& H4 a+ F$ n8 O* @! d, h
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
$ S9 S8 R9 n* h2 u6 | (4) insurance clauses 保险条款& Q$ B h. j6 O8 ^
(5) insurance period 保险期限
! Q+ Q+ C2 ^ O- E7 t (6) insurance agent 保险代理人- m1 }' _" L# F2 }; v6 T _
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人2 f l) K" W' S
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同& v% s& @$ R5 R% B7 k: g
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
- W' r" G6 C5 g! M( J" A (10) insurance amount 保险金额3 K5 o) O* a* _! M) p5 |1 w
(11) insurance premium 保险费
4 c0 E; l g4 s* k; I& c, g (12) full insurance 足额保险! y4 c9 t$ g7 ^, S1 a
(13) marine insurance 海上保险8 y/ m# ?* j4 b; ?; N) f
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险- ]" U3 B( T1 n( B2 A
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)' H% B' W9 ^: u+ @( u+ o
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期; o9 W" Z8 d) _! ~
(2) valued policy 定值保险单9 g7 J% M P4 x) t
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
% X4 Z0 b9 }8 F! T+ m. ?9 v4 d 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)4 U: A8 b8 f! N" W
(1) rate of premium 保险费率1 S8 L+ t3 e5 m; k9 u. r# v5 u
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
1 A5 F8 ?9 K; b& P 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
X% o) F: }4 n 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
- A& ]$ o1 [% ~/ y2 R) N 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
. X- Y* \8 U; T0 ]7 d0 x (损失不在我们承保范围内)
- S7 f4 t/ `$ i9 J8 y7 Q# l2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely + v3 z6 i- Y: N* v2 O4 }/ o
the insurer and the insured.句中:
3 a7 K2 M s# l; X( Y5 h& E 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词3 N2 @7 h5 \: I- D Z
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
/ c3 V/ X' k" N; W 以下几种情况:
" {6 s2 m. W: K: ]8 V (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外, S" |# C. B! ~
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
2 G( y: i! ]5 k 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
/ J H3 f5 C) Z. D (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.4 i2 w, U0 |8 ~' l3 A4 \
例如: Eve left the room quietly.+ k; J; _# u% X6 D+ B% h( O
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
2 Y H% U; Z* ]' h! I0 z% O 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.+ y: ^2 k$ r; j1 J# J! j
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
& `' N" @8 e& O; n 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首 H4 {# a" X4 P* U" W: L8 ~! Z
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
7 V. Y! s% S4 e& T 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.* @+ N l# X6 h; P2 t& O/ F
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”& Q! q( N" b Y
5 x' M0 p$ O M3. 句子: 1 r8 W L! t3 q! S
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
# S7 _4 E4 L- W K3 | ] within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
* _: n! s! Q6 C8 }4 c 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events ! p+ O- j* p `( g! T) I$ e* g: R
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:" ~7 {6 I- s& X1 W
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)" _9 b& m) S9 @+ R( `+ g4 K
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
6 {# L/ }3 X k, E: D5 g$ Q return of the goods.
7 v- b& d2 o7 k4 \* a! c 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
; x3 @+ Z* c% L- v5 `8 ] (2) 满足 (需要)2 Z, j/ O( p5 k& I8 t! s" b' e
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
' e. a$ P) R* D$ h9 S6 ]6 T' ^+ ` demand / your request for this type.# |9 R5 P+ \$ z/ d6 G
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.+ t" q# ~% e7 I$ ]% C
3.2 consequence 后果
# b9 x9 C- |: V$ w+ ` 3.3 certain 某个,某种.1 ^! U$ Z7 `( r/ P% `& f
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
7 p. X- m6 n- _8 r 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)8 r2 V! b6 d; i" X0 f1 j9 W+ Y
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
2 F/ O7 M7 [$ r3 S+ Q8 b 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)4 T. B0 x0 x1 b8 l( u7 ?+ M
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中 J' j' O, k7 h: }2 {% m! K
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
1 H8 x2 ?/ B5 ]/ q/ X6 [ 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
, L, @1 K4 j# e$ l" V3 m$ ` 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
) w' H* Z. {* f: H" y 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
: C ~( r$ Z3 M1 x [0 w9 V$ D4. 句子:
/ P/ W7 t. N9 I8 v$ S/ P) f6 J5 D The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial ) i+ o; l/ q% O$ y" c
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
% h$ E D& i" z9 q4 q" i' ]) w secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得! v5 E0 |- n: I7 [
5 i4 n J6 o) q+ w5 a/ Y. s& Z Q 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中, E4 I% P% w9 c1 T/ e/ D
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.' k, w$ Q2 l0 l
5. 句子:
& T1 D2 u. w0 \' H; m It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 8 k3 K4 ^0 p- d$ S
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
/ U* f$ `$ c& \6 a! k2 ~0 j owner.
: v( I; ] D1 w& K0 u- d6 R4 V 我们把句子细拆就明白了:
2 v+ y0 m) m0 }. ` c/ | (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the ! w9 ^& i9 D) J4 n( m2 O
owner of cargo. 2 i$ h- ]' d# B( @5 Z( _/ J9 u
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
9 w0 `3 Z- @0 L1 T+ x (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
; ?5 R! L6 D+ q5 w4 E# H% t7 M representative acting on behalf of the owner.
! j' O1 B* W* A7 l$ G3 u: [# Z 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同., `4 z2 [- B" J' v- u" y
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
' K4 h2 V5 e2 [/ l) k owner of cargo.
8 Y0 n0 K* R1 y8 \+ T0 i* e" K 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.4 @- }3 R: A4 k5 }
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a / p+ c0 q- Z$ @9 g6 P, B: q
representative acting on behalf of the owner. $ A: H( E% n2 f
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同. O: z, C' E' o# m
6. 句子:, ?! k$ v P% }5 h! y9 Q! D1 Y: ^/ D4 e4 D
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
H5 c) A0 u" W& ^ insure the cargo in transit.* g: K9 I2 i. Y5 f
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…' g- L5 _( o" f; d5 B5 V" Y
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的2 m% k# Y" u5 D1 F1 W% s& g [
7 s1 T9 z6 y0 E$ z6 \7. 句子:9 U" W( w- I7 p
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
: Q8 x! i9 F. q and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo 1 A# [: o* i; o: U" e$ w) O( T1 N
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
0 G( R- ^2 d5 C1 K4 i6 s9 e/ s4 F* P8 G when he is handling goods.
5 z7 b1 }( m( ?' }3 l) M2 z/ u8 y' [ 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:0 T" E' Z. f; m9 X2 j. `; M
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
( d+ l: J% ?$ E8 Y D, }) a 或者
3 K0 L/ u u9 |9 Q5 z it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such / u* D- |' t8 `( W0 y1 L- m3 W
instructions or information when he is handling goods.7 A! ?$ E; A2 f. z" W6 V
7.1+ w8 a* }) i% N8 R. v4 N/ ]3 R
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
# e- i/ ~" l* i = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
9 Q( g6 ~7 ^; a( h3 i, W9 ?* K
9 q0 ?, ?. P: n 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.6 |) n+ r: r7 H- o0 s
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
2 M. G4 W1 Q' W# s$ G1 {& o* O4 I 主语就出来了,即:3 X) Y) J5 }2 _6 J V( Z& s
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, - m, x$ @1 }0 v6 @+ _# U9 \
同理,
6 z6 u: T* |" C/ P- [, k 7.2
6 `7 I5 W+ C1 L6 b2 T it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such 9 y4 H) c3 H7 p1 p ~/ z/ t5 L0 j
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
; z! P0 O0 Y( |# T) h = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information ) i* t: W& s3 r4 u8 M, l* O
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
0 O" T$ N) M$ M9 m% ?: N 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,; L u& p9 H5 }/ t- f* }
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.' A1 Y9 ` ^( _4 X! s
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
$ y5 `7 d8 W# i2 i: Q: @ (2) handle的解释通常有:
% R, [$ X2 Q. k' n9 ?7 z ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem., } }1 _: v- f
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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