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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
$ R7 s* R+ N0 Y9 ], F: k, E1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
& O: S0 G4 w# A( u. s- J; r 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
- P% ]* v4 K4 T' z 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)4 |% K$ i, ]% U' V/ X! n
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词; P9 ]' x g5 L4 P$ s3 x) }
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.5 s( N. T" z! m3 B& |2 L# C
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.' c6 }5 A$ w8 k. w8 D4 s+ c
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales4 g& h/ d; I/ ~& `0 ^' z
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the " u& z. z9 {7 B; G
invoice cost." T: a; H {. F7 h0 N8 _) s
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.& a( y7 u1 n7 }* A0 w
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:- J; R4 B* C, g- i9 g
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
6 P2 m+ N, `3 A4 U& l+ @ 110% of the invoice value+ a, h A; g1 m: \3 _7 E7 b0 S
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
" L! z# N, @3 V+ B H0 U (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
; p9 G1 ]5 v4 ~ {+ n3 D! M+ C" N 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词; f* `$ q4 q- x& J6 D
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against 4 W# {9 b* z; P/ \* R' Z
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.9 B# x0 K: G9 Q* c [0 \* U
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.9 u8 P9 |) ^/ b6 e) a
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …) E- L+ I) O. [7 {+ V" w4 z9 H/ Y
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
4 X; i7 h7 F9 C; A2 t5 B+ `# z U 解释“投保”# X/ G( h8 |% P( r! D
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
+ E) ^5 K. j4 u 注意3: 其他词汇5 t. r8 X/ X3 U% b, g/ G
(1) insurance fund 保险基金
3 B& D8 s# Y; N0 L; G! n( ^ (2) insurance company 保险公司" l8 n/ }3 n0 c1 c; U, P& F
(3) insurance contract 保险合同4 ?' Y7 Z- L9 W
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
5 }9 c/ O; o& g1 e! N9 M (5) insurance period 保险期限
9 A9 ]7 @+ x& u6 P/ w (6) insurance agent 保险代理人1 W( z; t3 ^* X# Y7 J
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
/ q3 y+ u: C* d (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同6 l1 @6 z& n# s
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同# a: z7 E/ b: n& l
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
9 k3 L. R( m, S5 h1 j$ T (11) insurance premium 保险费: } S1 W/ ^% P2 H5 V
(12) full insurance 足额保险
4 o0 A; c5 s: F) `, t (13) marine insurance 海上保险
) `6 |. f5 [2 Q+ N: b+ z0 e1 k9 m d (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
7 D8 q k2 t- I$ e* N/ Y% D 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
1 B( q% }( V& B9 J, `1 Q (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
: `( b; W/ {# C. C (2) valued policy 定值保险单
, T% s6 X) {0 z' N* H+ x (3) voyage policy 航次保险单
* R- o6 {! f6 P# z$ J+ y' b 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
/ P" n' B; O: {7 l4 E8 O (1) rate of premium 保险费率- T' s" d' A( }+ @
(2) returns of premium 保险退费; d0 `; E4 @- J+ D& D0 ^) U
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
. L+ l- O1 A# I! L' K& L6 k 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)0 I9 e4 y$ o, n4 h
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
3 C B4 s/ e2 t (损失不在我们承保范围内)2 K3 k0 \* m; }3 h t
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
& r- p, `) ^0 L+ m& A5 y the insurer and the insured.句中:9 A' s9 u+ x( ~
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词) J. E- ?0 K2 `% i. u* r
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有7 j" G% @ w4 [
以下几种情况:( j- [4 s7 Z- @. x
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外& x! t% t, _" i1 t0 y; G: u8 W- x
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
C1 W0 G0 F8 Y 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
5 G( I. g" y1 ]2 _1 H: W* k (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.# ]6 y4 ~' g8 Y o; h ~3 `" M
例如: Eve left the room quietly.; a! Y; G' K6 Z ~
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.3 P3 i: }5 v. N2 a! g0 r% y* e2 i
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.) H+ |( P" S, N \; m1 b
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,, `" L* b/ ?" `, P: X1 I
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首. K* \: m% ]& W! s- p
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
' k3 A3 ]: |5 H5 \, o 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.. p' \2 B0 b6 |( f* P' o7 d6 F
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
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7 ~, r$ a! N5 e$ ^6 I% D u* ~3 l$ \# }3. 句子:
) o5 a# z1 @7 X2 S% w. x1 r The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
E0 k( ^: ~; r, _ E' v5 N6 b within specified limits, that could befall the other party.3 N% ]% H9 @) W" V% [, {
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
+ g$ ?9 a% w, W7 C4 j$ @4 p# H meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
$ c, v' c! w v- y& H8 M' v (1) 负担 (责任,费用)% K, P: M/ T- d! }" u
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
4 h5 C/ U! j3 \! T9 u. d$ A. Y' g return of the goods. " E( l/ `; R/ A$ k
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
5 i. l. O1 K2 I, w# p7 F (2) 满足 (需要)
$ @2 w( p3 T F5 c 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current * I2 S- C5 r& R ^
demand / your request for this type.
( k5 v3 \4 P5 b7 ]$ q2 i9 o, K 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
$ Z2 |% k. U c% q! K 3.2 consequence 后果
5 T4 A5 v; J1 G n 3.3 certain 某个,某种.( W: a- e. L" U$ ^$ R- N9 z
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
6 |0 K' ~$ N$ v! T5 }* ?" y 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)) K+ U Z) R9 Q6 w. Q
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
' o( h' h, A A$ k 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)( J6 a) H7 j1 U
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中8 O: p5 o9 M( r5 U; m- n2 t
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
' V* g" u" v8 r: ~+ F% m" ~ 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
/ I4 T4 f* C* v9 g 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的/ t! O& C: V2 i1 ^ D
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.. P$ d2 K$ \( R( T
4. 句子:
; x" R. g" o# C e: T The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
; m- n/ i& d; ?. D assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
6 _' O9 T& O" }( c m8 s3 w secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
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6 q) P) G! v G5 u+ P4 @: c 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
; {* q, C" I4 @ 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.. h7 y) `0 F. q/ ]; N- m
5. 句子:
0 Z8 C0 R& k) `5 V' L It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance z# d0 g8 N" `0 }# N1 E
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
* F- t7 j6 G2 C( v8 B# m owner.' c7 T# k5 s! g: h
我们把句子细拆就明白了:$ D# Z9 R8 N# @
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
9 e1 H/ ?! v! D owner of cargo.
3 Y6 D6 o0 B a' C ?* l 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
' _* I- l& `* L* c' w0 I (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
; T. z# d; I& x: v/ H( P) H0 p3 s representative acting on behalf of the owner. * u! E. |9 J9 \2 a+ N- z* B
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
, w$ Y8 h1 \# h (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
0 o2 @6 I% E; U3 U X owner of cargo. $ e' P. c1 d9 q4 y, L
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
9 i! }3 B- O8 [: W; a9 N1 k (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
R3 O' I& |+ h representative acting on behalf of the owner. - H# y- z4 v* ^7 @$ U% h
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
, b$ E: P; M' A3 Q6. 句子:
7 R* U6 v8 r' V c. t% e In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
& {2 y( j& J( h insure the cargo in transit.
1 b2 M. l$ U' I/ R. p+ Z0 Z: I 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…4 X# D3 n# f s8 Q0 E4 ^. s& n9 d
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的3 Y7 u- \4 ~" m: A
" _1 R+ h# F. ?; x! S8 H7. 句子:9 C- j" m* s ?) X, h
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
% h$ z' ]0 i# G1 x3 q5 ^6 y0 U" r and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
3 a" ^' }2 |* \; m6 t4 n: W& B or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
6 A" C. u& j; ]' x) T when he is handling goods.
3 B1 v0 f. n4 V+ q 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:4 L! K* R7 c, ]% ?
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo., a0 p+ _& Y7 h* C4 h' m9 ]
或者 0 `* C# c: I6 i8 q8 S% k9 ]# @2 t6 ^
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such 3 ^: y( ]9 Y4 ~7 q8 L
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
& R6 [" b/ s/ y! _" B 7.1
. g0 a1 e7 J0 j K. J it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
6 ^' S: A9 Z1 j# L = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
# K, o' q) d+ O8 n$ B9 S 7 |9 c! S$ _, Q* X
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.+ d7 u* D3 ?- O- h
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,5 m8 d/ z+ L1 {8 P0 u2 ^
主语就出来了,即:
9 F% A3 W5 n' l$ v7 ~ 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
) q' V& m* d% X1 [, s6 x, x; t 同理,
$ o0 Q* R; g$ F2 S8 \ 7.2 ! g' Z$ i: p/ Q6 T$ d+ z/ g) m
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such # a. Z3 Q& |, u6 y) a
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
5 m# T) w& ^/ `/ B4 q$ a = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
, s; v* ?* K) k0 W& r! F( M when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.% F1 K, z' Z$ H$ C: R- H
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,+ {' j6 ]- W* j9 q- `; F
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况./ i" j, h ~" A2 T" K
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
$ C0 e2 N$ u* D9 L5 v3 b$ L (2) handle的解释通常有:
, ~% A7 L0 \2 B4 a2 Z/ w ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem. ]+ |. M: L5 { D0 m& | X8 [ I
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.+ B$ u% P0 J0 J; k c
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