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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
' K; Z: l) e# J, w8 H+ Z T$ u1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
& K5 s9 e4 _. J( L0 |! K8 o 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)$ y6 K6 y, o* Z# ?
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)9 i# A+ [1 r7 `4 E' |; C4 }
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
' T3 v9 ?$ d' r. V8 |7 D1 l 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
8 C- \% ?# ?8 l' E 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.5 {8 c" k4 m1 T6 j( T. Y! t4 K
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
) R/ M/ R9 w' f. _( V3 J+ h 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the : ~5 z, L6 F9 v
invoice cost.8 p& h, A" M G& S( q
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
6 K: `8 z% T. m) d2 H* A 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
8 z9 A6 J" X4 ], d. K" X (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
5 b6 f# E( q; A4 i. A$ @# z 110% of the invoice value3 k5 P1 m& v+ b! S
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
' h9 _6 A0 Q" S* M/ l" N (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
. b7 P9 \; F9 c6 `8 r 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词! b/ I2 R* }0 H8 c5 F" r
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against & f" w( {) d' }- X! f% l, {
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.& T9 Y" \; q6 `) F1 S: ~
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
' ^/ t; p+ B+ Z 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …* t* n R4 `2 z/ ?" a( n6 C
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance, J2 v9 h& L0 q" v# X5 u
解释“投保”
: L; R2 W$ \8 ?( f1 e 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
, Q1 |: w+ M) `6 ]9 Q% Q" i 注意3: 其他词汇! c- d4 q" y0 v# h7 P$ k
(1) insurance fund 保险基金 y, ?4 M8 k O ?0 O
(2) insurance company 保险公司1 j; j& ` `3 j
(3) insurance contract 保险合同# Q* j% O- C, j
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
+ }7 C! N4 _, }# T) \ (5) insurance period 保险期限+ y6 \% @" p" f4 ?9 b
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人3 |" D4 B/ @4 v
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
7 t2 g$ b# g" o6 R (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同* p0 G0 `% X$ I; e$ y: O" B
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同/ J* {4 w, Q: t* P
(10) insurance amount 保险金额7 \6 k) O! p" K4 i% M( v
(11) insurance premium 保险费1 u- ]1 h; o& R! u0 z Z2 K
(12) full insurance 足额保险
. f9 W: `# ^: ^9 P7 D# T1 d1 E (13) marine insurance 海上保险. o+ \0 c7 {$ Z; A' X4 z; Q
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险. T6 l9 {' J* ?, r8 R$ ^# t) n- U
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
& C# k( ]" W2 v" [ (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期( t( x4 y" t9 A' d* E
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
3 W* y1 }& E7 D" T" e, Z3 D* B* c (3) voyage policy 航次保险单! K8 A4 q" q X! @& k" X
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)) W3 s! Q, k2 I% u5 _
(1) rate of premium 保险费率" p# U# P& N4 Z8 y- t' Q
(2) returns of premium 保险退费# C0 g- Y0 o* l* P5 B
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
* n( R w) ^- t! P. _3 {9 U% Y" w, I 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
" \7 ?1 A" V) @$ J8 Y 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
: R% o7 C+ e+ s' d0 r/ z (损失不在我们承保范围内)7 r: G# ~2 U1 f5 H* M( D
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
/ ?+ U9 m/ L9 U; ^* \( B0 M' L2 p the insurer and the insured.句中:; W4 N! l H# h& V
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
+ R0 X( E6 A' W! T4 R9 M: w 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
2 b H7 E+ K, b7 |& ?- u+ C 以下几种情况:* j+ `' U5 t, j; e; k2 A9 }
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
# j5 j/ K" {; M# u: u3 F 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
+ M8 D& k8 A3 s7 j 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
3 a0 p+ {* h0 r (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
% s1 U0 O3 m4 {1 i e 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
7 T. ?; p r ~' g8 x4 s (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.! a+ S! L7 \: v) ]
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
# F: O) P) v: X' H (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,- _ S- |8 \% W" e
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首" a! D% H0 V8 z8 |) Z, i/ h3 ~
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.) |/ M& z' v+ ~# Z
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
. V6 }# v; w B/ r" ~0 u 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”3 S% L; d3 i- N) j7 ?) ]" s
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3. 句子:
9 V# ?( n! [5 N9 h: x- q+ Y The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, & V- c% s% f- P4 R: b7 n
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.! ], ]1 t4 ~. B& [ C* P1 b
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events * L3 y' w9 k1 x1 e
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
2 f* v' W& r# e& [- C (1) 负担 (责任,费用)& D; E3 |; [9 l7 Z/ W" m& S) S3 D. T$ S7 Z
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
1 e6 s2 z; R5 B% G% W return of the goods. & d" x1 o5 O6 n5 J( G4 \: c5 `
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.% `. O, P2 R' ]* F6 H
(2) 满足 (需要)& k3 D% K+ G$ z* A# z. T
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current / p$ {% h8 U# ]0 N6 `
demand / your request for this type.5 C' r2 O2 i* T3 T7 M
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.& C, H- o- `. h3 n; v
3.2 consequence 后果
! b# T5 R* K- d/ j" Q0 {- Y% \ 3.3 certain 某个,某种. w: t, ?1 S8 c8 A
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
( Y& L( C2 V3 C 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
( O" Y; }0 @3 f# x# E 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
M( \! |/ X8 {1 e* K 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
, v, e2 p" N1 n1 V0 m6 } 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
9 a% y* a4 E+ ~# L 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
# s, ~0 h6 j( v* ` 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
$ u ~+ w; e6 ^! u! D1 b6 Y [ 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的, m; o# H3 |9 W& @1 X) Z
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
% K( z& L$ i3 y4. 句子:
. l( l2 X9 c2 C/ k; F! W The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
0 F5 A3 w" H4 ^. X0 R9 i assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:8 n u7 S+ Z$ A0 a% h
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
& A% W' T$ z+ I3 p6 x' }
8 X) B) r+ j& ]7 \, u" C 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中: z8 j+ f2 J2 v
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
' w- g! l9 q1 j+ o5. 句子: 7 L: S+ t, x/ ]+ j# I) G
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 5 b' n( Y2 P" F0 e0 w
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
5 ?" @5 ~7 P$ y" b owner.
. G& q0 e+ i) B4 q' @; b) d4 m 我们把句子细拆就明白了:, o9 t, F& D( e9 s( o3 g. g* I
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the / }# N/ ?" ]! @; j$ {
owner of cargo.
. S( z/ } m. Q" U, N 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同. [# }$ p$ T8 p; c+ j
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
: e& u3 Y+ [" v* o0 h representative acting on behalf of the owner. . [7 z2 e) d5 _- _
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
) T6 W( @0 {/ K7 c5 G (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the / X4 |! J, R, T
owner of cargo.
6 o, p+ U) Q8 _% n2 ^9 H 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
( U$ P6 o" ?& B( l P (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
1 f [6 y# i* \+ r+ i representative acting on behalf of the owner. ) J" `% H- f3 m' K! o/ z% H* l
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.3 u. D3 I2 u* p% Z) s0 U$ g
6. 句子:* f0 b& |, r* c4 x- {
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to - G& {. I9 s* x
insure the cargo in transit.
& n' j; q$ `, n% D5 K# ^# G: p* ? 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
; T ~/ P# K" x; ^ x* k2 I; ? 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的$ u- o1 r4 m0 g. C$ C7 A9 `( e5 ~" J
1 ~" W( f% z! E& w7. 句子:
4 g7 j& c [+ E- c- Y, Y- J5 c It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible ! l5 h7 J# K Q: i8 L& V
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo " a8 _9 m, A* B# y$ z' i
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information $ u& |+ k5 v6 B# ]! U
when he is handling goods. 4 e. F0 }7 V1 w& `
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:4 L% G3 \; G7 v* j
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
: m. `) S# h7 G! Z 或者 5 s6 I2 u4 ]& ]' l$ [" q
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
: c7 [/ c6 A" p1 @2 p$ R8 ` instructions or information when he is handling goods.
% I2 s, \. [: m* _ 7.1 B. C6 T7 W. ]
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
) Y r. I- h8 Z2 K+ X4 Z, O/ P = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
1 R" c9 y; e! x( U" M* U0 H
) _0 t- x* C2 N, \. U 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
5 V( [' V) `; L2 K 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,% i2 w" B: b9 w- F: J
主语就出来了,即:
9 g U/ I7 t ~: a+ w' u 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
& o( j6 I$ f) D: j' l 同理,
( g, I$ \% m/ Z* `) w) g1 _! k 7.2
2 K! j- k5 L& l# O0 h it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
3 _& o" p" n6 J* X instructions or information when he is handling goods.
4 w8 o& s* T5 s( k3 e, t2 d3 b& w5 z = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
, n" @+ a7 W- Z, y$ M9 C when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.+ Z; b9 R. c1 B7 N+ y: G7 o1 X8 H* x$ I
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
7 C6 Q4 ^9 n s" i% s! w- s 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.% U1 K# |& E3 J/ D7 d! j
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
) S- K/ T- j, a2 Q (2) handle的解释通常有:; A0 q6 v8 p' |+ z( l
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
- Q/ S, w/ i3 `, d8 h ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.& o/ Y; }& e3 [; n# O& t& w( F; [
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