|
|
Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance9 F! V8 O) ?/ E% I6 _2 s
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:( M0 ~' h) ~) b% @( X
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)% ]' X( O* c7 e6 u3 Y8 ~1 e i( E
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)" l1 K& o6 N7 }% B+ R' a
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
5 [' c1 ?1 E$ U 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
# _: q8 N7 ~. w/ [* W& F 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
- N2 }: L+ ^8 Q$ |# H, z 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
, l: |4 x) G# V/ i1 a: B4 \' x) Y 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
+ H( z* c9 S, T2 S7 h7 r$ X invoice cost.
5 |' v" E7 {/ j7 ~* e 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.7 F6 a" H5 n! y+ _
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
$ e8 {# R! e* u% D1 c* V3 u" P (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 3 H) _* J4 q$ u5 z1 G" ~. l
110% of the invoice value/ ]/ [, x5 Y3 i+ ]2 h
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%3 z2 V$ Y( m1 r0 ^. \/ L1 G; Y8 T, U
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost% N4 D% S; f6 l1 H, {8 N- ?* {
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
" n! k6 c, k3 l: ]* E {+ m- V 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
8 Q3 }0 o) I1 ?( a' W- G All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.% U4 {% [' x5 ?" t
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.; i. b" W E! E
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
0 J! A: e( S( m* m1 } 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
3 J4 \6 X/ k" x 解释“投保”, X" z% p2 a6 O$ |$ A) F# L
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.6 V' u3 G ~/ k: o+ b6 J9 C
注意3: 其他词汇: Q& j1 z e/ _3 o( t
(1) insurance fund 保险基金/ ?3 j1 M: T. W( A
(2) insurance company 保险公司
- J9 Z0 L T2 z- m" A6 O( P6 W (3) insurance contract 保险合同! E+ q, ~8 Y+ P* S4 E
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
0 r, [' W! w- C- t$ k% | (5) insurance period 保险期限7 \; {: X2 j8 y4 ^/ Y+ J, K6 k
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人( X8 i R4 d+ c' O8 N4 I n2 A5 w
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
( N% ^7 v$ t: u% { (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同0 C0 I$ f. r$ Y* {
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
- W3 C& \5 ~" C# Q (10) insurance amount 保险金额$ D* P6 Q. G( v+ K* I9 w8 W
(11) insurance premium 保险费% |) q; C$ g K; A
(12) full insurance 足额保险
, |% R/ x) e# ] (13) marine insurance 海上保险
1 e% G9 x8 {! T6 k (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
$ H3 _% q r. e7 k) S4 H8 S 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy); r+ K0 z7 c! a& d7 J
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
! d7 q1 s* c0 i" l* C. M% ? (2) valued policy 定值保险单
' Q7 H* J7 M$ X6 p1 n5 q8 X8 C (3) voyage policy 航次保险单
; l/ `$ O. x* C% V8 a 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium) k' }% g Y1 L" i. P
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
( a4 V) ?( ?: i: t, i% x. q8 O (2) returns of premium 保险退费
6 }. H" a! {) L; a( a+ X9 r 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”& o6 N2 L6 F; P2 i
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保), q( H$ ^+ r8 k) X5 p# C
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
% c) f1 f3 M! _& @6 a# i) P (损失不在我们承保范围内)
% V/ I/ v" v5 X: @1 W2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
; H# t# L% E! Z$ Z3 @" g the insurer and the insured.句中:
2 y6 {; q& H; H# C 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
: g! R* Q( w% h9 O 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
" ~* w) W# I% G) W4 u 以下几种情况:
/ d- U0 u7 }: U1 ^ (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
4 w3 Y( M$ N' C+ a3 }; i 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.1 r @* \$ f* [7 N5 e, E# v
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.) I3 n4 z2 ], {. q% T
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.! \1 t. U5 k& s% C
例如: Eve left the room quietly.% A5 [; `9 F' S/ p1 R4 y% O$ ^, {. c
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
' A2 i- p6 j, l, Z1 j' o) A" ~ 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent. q, v4 W9 f( o9 C1 k2 M
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
6 \& _( c9 n" k- h2 j* o- ] 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首$ r$ ]: C9 J# t7 V; a. g5 Z
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.$ N; l1 J! J. T
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
5 H. O7 v" F# J) C. U4 l, A 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”) I1 [8 a" C3 N
2 E$ O: Y5 P! Y8 e2 g+ J3. 句子:
: _0 U) W0 F4 { The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, 1 m- s$ ~, |% t6 I
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.0 q! \/ z5 Y5 D% J2 t3 b
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
* [3 o b1 g; q4 A9 ? meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
( c8 K- D+ S; N C' ` (1) 负担 (责任,费用)
- S& m+ w6 ?- L+ A- x# ]2 U 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 5 r$ Y2 @* c5 f A7 J; D* V3 [* k8 C
return of the goods. 5 w) x8 r1 ~/ A, f! A! ~2 z0 b
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
1 a! _5 k& m- {9 c4 c8 @3 f (2) 满足 (需要)
( R7 B9 O: }' V) T$ O 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current 1 _7 e7 `8 v) \/ l, ]* W
demand / your request for this type.
/ S$ S6 v( p4 M 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.5 M; `0 T. D/ B7 o6 W; h4 I
3.2 consequence 后果: q3 i+ u8 ?- l, C; H6 P
3.3 certain 某个,某种.# x( x E7 u, [
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)1 F9 J- p: v! F9 P
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)0 E3 j& p6 Q: Y" a5 S, ?4 |
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内- F) O R, s7 z- p
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)5 R+ T" Y1 I6 R6 m2 q, W
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中4 B4 k/ @! y4 _
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” : _& M- o3 d! J: d0 Z
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
. B; r- Q- I; c/ v! m9 o" Y- x 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
$ o4 t: n' p; i6 x5 Q8 _% F6 Q; x 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.; h( H- k/ c$ \: e3 @5 @9 B
4. 句子:( q( U( ~1 H7 Z K3 D
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial 5 e7 s/ @; M. M* F! m
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
, N( |. I Z9 I5 s5 V/ l2 {6 L+ E secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
3 j0 L& b7 @- x$ Q/ D& S
, o+ g/ D* |& a, X1 A! Q4 ` 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
E3 k- \: s* }" h j 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.9 X0 N, J9 d: V' h
5. 句子: 8 w/ s; a# e' C
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
0 b5 x4 h) Q5 d+ x6 f broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
* l4 }$ k# Y8 j owner.' t) Y1 n l# R* ~4 ]( M; ]
我们把句子细拆就明白了:6 h3 L( [1 {- Y8 @; G) s
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the " p! z# F6 d- E7 D) h
owner of cargo.
8 Z) p- B o7 `6 w8 @ 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.8 Z8 ?* A! Q. |& G4 T
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a {7 |; ]+ j* X+ E% y2 I* |
representative acting on behalf of the owner. 8 f4 N7 v* I- q4 X; j, q
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
! f& B/ Z4 B- u% V# @ (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the 9 U( @; m7 f, ^8 ^7 |+ s
owner of cargo. ' @. {2 A) e3 L) m+ o$ [
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.% J$ q" P! M1 k3 m5 r+ G2 F
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
- E% @( x" u' _$ Z. v! b# f representative acting on behalf of the owner. ' b# n* h* r4 ?7 M, C4 b
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.0 ?1 F( u! W# J: Y
6. 句子:2 u1 U7 f' l6 g
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
3 A! E% J8 N* Q insure the cargo in transit.
& O0 t- M. F& y8 t/ j7 h 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…, X- o1 l* t8 W* u
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的0 u t) I* D! ^' F7 C7 c
: ]6 d' _( x# \; q% H( W9 z
7. 句子:
, k+ i0 e/ R4 ?0 ^9 H1 U T It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
, u- U$ w4 a% c' R5 X$ | and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
* D5 v J8 C( k1 D# {2 j& {( _ or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information ; c# N- S. w* L/ k& e( x
when he is handling goods. / e4 i: w4 E& P
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
; j2 i, s; ~6 p0 I+ G; i: ? it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.$ H" h! z0 [0 E t; r3 Z
或者 - _" I; x9 q2 J7 I' O8 M
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such + |2 t, @5 d' H# ~! K% P! u
instructions or information when he is handling goods.) n' C4 X) C5 d$ F; y
7.16 ]- R. X: M$ h
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
- Y3 K2 z- `8 E = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
6 u( W: v, G: _4 _6 v# w$ T 4 b* X9 H' N1 O- c/ R1 @) K9 i
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
4 |( P4 a' v5 T' I& O5 i 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
* q; a5 r o. }4 y' K. [1 F 主语就出来了,即:
3 ]9 f W& C1 A' N- h+ ~- r$ L0 t 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
! Q7 `" n( x4 ?' Q" o4 w 同理,
! I6 W, M% d4 \8 u: [0 ^' N 7.2
4 W0 G$ H; W/ x% W: q1 N it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
" X0 x% c* H5 {1 m0 S instructions or information when he is handling goods.
+ u2 m# X3 ^/ v% s5 l! G) ` = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information 3 l' e' W- B$ [9 z2 a
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
1 B2 T$ e+ @5 X/ a 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候, P3 C6 }' J9 Q" p3 R8 c
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
- t' V# ^# o; M) ]! v( M6 }- n( u0 L (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对$ y9 c/ W+ N6 j8 L/ v; \# _- y
(2) handle的解释通常有:
- g# E6 Z: ?; h0 @1 R n ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.( N5 J* o' M/ Y7 P
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars./ O8 a0 b* h. q6 Z/ n4 Q) S4 w3 U
* g0 W) _! B- t6 K |
|