|
|
Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance& } L) ^; A- C" Q
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
. i( _0 s) l) i. F& u" L2 u x8 D0 D 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)& M- H7 h& u: c: {
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方), o! t7 V. ]% J5 Q* s
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词: S0 I! e1 E/ C$ B q9 m9 L2 e% {
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
6 q3 c1 ~' i0 `/ j0 M 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
& a# c% p: i3 Z) b; d 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales: Z( X3 k% ~0 D7 I* ~: s) ]/ w* [. e$ h# Q
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the - T: Y5 G+ e! F! @: ]1 [
invoice cost.+ _8 ~9 ~" o' F7 w
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
; ~ J/ t2 v1 z; A 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:0 ^ Z- e0 g6 Y8 [* Z6 d
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 / a/ a$ F$ R5 M7 }9 A5 f0 X
110% of the invoice value
4 ^7 H1 A4 _: A E3 g (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
y; @3 q7 F, ~( f3 u (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
" ?: L2 J/ R9 G L% B" n8 U 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
. v* ~. q5 p1 W G 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against " e* h; h& l0 H
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
9 Y, g* N9 l( r } B: G0 F 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.( J2 `# G* a" ?- u/ ^2 w
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
# F+ `$ ?' t: B 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
0 `/ W X% w8 ` 解释“投保”, J/ N4 S, I# d# |
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
; b/ y6 ~: Y% \ 注意3: 其他词汇 X9 d7 N, `/ @2 a) F2 h' [$ p/ [5 [
(1) insurance fund 保险基金
3 U; q; T+ T5 r+ P (2) insurance company 保险公司
, K' B5 k4 j/ y! | (3) insurance contract 保险合同' }6 Q1 |# `0 ]8 R' a8 J4 d
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款$ H o: d: P$ e2 f% @6 w( b& i: e
(5) insurance period 保险期限
5 y4 {, n: s* U. v& \8 w' [ (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
+ b& D: h+ @" r! q- H (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人- Z x9 ]+ ]1 E" K) |6 ~$ L. o
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
% i7 W( h+ C3 G (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
7 T7 U: `/ p0 N) w (10) insurance amount 保险金额" v2 i) j: \2 W. w% A
(11) insurance premium 保险费
( l8 B6 i% `7 T; k/ x( H6 K3 f (12) full insurance 足额保险
3 J) F T& V, h! H* m* U6 m (13) marine insurance 海上保险
. s9 l4 Y% I! |3 l( i (14) cargo insurance 货物保险3 E- k+ `. ~* ^0 e
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)! z$ {7 X5 c+ }( S
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期9 n' X& l* v& J V9 ~& }9 Z! Q
(2) valued policy 定值保险单2 h5 y6 J0 \9 F7 \) b
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
* W) v/ S& u# q2 y7 B 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)* ]( U- e* B1 j; K4 ~2 m
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
% d, S% Y [) g% w+ i (2) returns of premium 保险退费6 i% W6 \- H- I. J; |. ` X3 V% f0 {
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”$ s4 N1 R7 _ E J
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)( b9 F" h% C. o6 @" |; w8 V$ h. X
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. ' N) k* a% D" r6 o }
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
* T, @0 t0 s7 U6 E- L/ M2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
' w! v% H/ @* ]% E$ k the insurer and the insured.句中:) h8 @3 W( Z+ y& K7 L; Z! R
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
! I" N" k# r) M/ P$ u" e 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
/ A- C9 \- h8 A) u h# W 以下几种情况:* T$ b* u) a8 A* v
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
. L/ v- K; X/ l% { 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
K8 t) C5 |% E 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.; W( K6 ]/ o' S/ V5 B
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.4 z, H: T7 D% Y9 G5 h, _
例如: Eve left the room quietly.4 @, P- ^0 B h: e8 Q9 g
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
: r/ q( A. @9 E4 ~1 ] 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.( k- `; ?& V# w" {) `/ f2 v
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
: M$ [. f# T Q% U 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
, |) R( ]) X- Z* Q2 M 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
. y c7 J% K! \1 z, V! e) ]0 H2 A" I 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.9 z6 T, B/ o+ D' q# a
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
0 V2 ^; B- D& C. s2 Z
L8 V* C# E/ W; M3. 句子: ) C6 p% C6 y% t6 ^: V4 r8 \
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
9 K! Q# ^6 I. P' @ within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
& ?- t. L+ T6 Q& h& E+ | 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
. Y7 v7 P: t) s* q; ^* ? meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
4 g9 ]& ^7 x5 Q6 m* N* U. ] (1) 负担 (责任,费用)/ {; M- T+ a" B V; K
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
7 @6 M! i. t0 U1 D% o+ Z return of the goods.
) ]3 K5 d2 t/ ^3 e7 y; Y& ^ 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.1 O% Y. e! W! a6 P |
(2) 满足 (需要)
/ G$ ^* y8 Z! z$ i, M 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
- }& x# G) C5 W9 s demand / your request for this type.# ~) T9 }$ E4 F, _9 }% E5 I
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
9 Q7 E1 q. g( P 3.2 consequence 后果
! l. G" D q# {$ F2 Y 3.3 certain 某个,某种.6 b8 v4 b+ l7 R) J! L
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
% w2 |3 W- j8 k$ l 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件): U8 K' m' N2 ^+ L
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
; V4 d& }3 z- e3 \& F 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)" w* L1 M; i6 e% U4 \. |
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
/ w( F- K" l. x- I9 M 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” 9 }4 u5 W* G: p1 M5 d
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
: m5 e- c5 k& [% W+ s$ |% a 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的% f& `' m$ i" O
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
1 h1 S, ]& T! w( Q' v4. 句子:
4 W$ h" B* S! ~2 T) ^' N( G1 P The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial 7 `% V+ B7 a* k( o3 l
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
- Q& W: i" ?5 Q0 `8 c+ i$ E secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
. F* X' x3 A8 q
, q' L. n9 p [ p4 T8 S( q 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中, Y! a$ j+ y' b: E2 z: R. z
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
! O- k9 j2 s$ q5. 句子:
+ V( _( d" Q6 l8 e It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance " T6 j. D- H6 C1 y! ~+ Q
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
# b' f# t: U' e; E& h$ ~& R( t) ] owner.& k# i! z: c$ b- _" ^
我们把句子细拆就明白了:
! U+ H9 C' @4 Q/ H (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
+ a2 @/ J" `8 X$ ?* { owner of cargo.
$ W; ]" R9 |3 {! A: @" c; _# @( c 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同., _: S+ e# q. Q4 e8 x
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
6 O! Z. _: U1 T; E representative acting on behalf of the owner.
2 f0 E; `! x& V 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.3 r# N/ R! [4 D0 i8 c9 t
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the # i% `6 a! }$ E3 i
owner of cargo. * E: y! }3 ~- U( A {
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
- y! R1 D( o) R6 t (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a % c0 r+ o5 d2 ~- y7 M& n& u
representative acting on behalf of the owner. 2 R, ?. d ^3 ~) w$ r g1 K
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
5 H5 c* v! u. X0 s. {6. 句子:7 X: s) W. Q8 N% b0 ]7 Q2 V" G
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
8 c, Z4 O) }' P+ d ` insure the cargo in transit." m( c( @/ e3 R1 Z
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…. R* o/ m( G" \+ ]: u: f! |
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的3 K7 N6 r4 `* v8 D- G
1 c; D1 f0 B; w1 b3 N5 E6 r/ n
7. 句子:4 \6 V" g5 b( C* O8 m6 U0 }
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible % h* C M) y/ _# f7 k+ w
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo - x- j! v# i; u$ [9 V h
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
" Q2 ?1 m; v S: m! d' b, J! D7 i when he is handling goods. 5 U; g5 B3 a( L9 F8 ^) ]* Z
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:) P7 O4 J" G0 p! u9 {8 w' R
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo. s, t0 z/ S2 J% @6 y/ g
或者 . f" E: t7 l% e; h. }$ f, @
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
; b1 D% [' | o3 P C instructions or information when he is handling goods.2 R: g+ N W) t' y* }1 y
7.1! H$ ~1 E5 ^( Z. p( G4 F( \
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
3 n+ M; { u2 ^6 R; F# m = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
# ?/ t2 }7 `4 @% E N $ c; z# `& {2 ?* Q0 X
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
8 D `2 `( q* z+ X3 c 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,, C3 o" a+ @ K) V5 U) s* ?+ n
主语就出来了,即:7 U, G! T1 r% z& a8 j. w
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
: B' q/ M( L* @/ p5 d* I0 C8 o 同理,3 s. X7 e J) u; M O v
7.2 . ~3 R" q1 r+ T9 ^
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
: g8 Z H1 E$ @- j instructions or information when he is handling goods.
" I3 ^ ~( ]7 k; @- i = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information ( _. P8 C* t4 y# k) G" J
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.( i) P$ `; L" I& B* h
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
) s2 g3 ^! o8 v: q 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
! M, P- z, y4 [( h/ U% K (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
, E# h# W8 U' v: B( N) A6 F (2) handle的解释通常有: E6 Y) I$ k7 f v& \' m
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.+ z* }3 W8 Q: [" l' a
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
* P) H9 v7 c. E5 S% F/ y
& a; `- k- G- w/ [2 ~$ Y: c |
|