Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
! A, ~7 ^3 ]( eFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)* W9 l3 V) T' E+ T9 U b2 J& z- e
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 2 N: a k, c5 x, h: s( ?+ X T
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
# L9 ^1 c5 |8 j7 |that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
) k% s0 [7 n# b/ {- S, v' w/ w损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
5 M, g5 `( Y7 n0 r5 o& M: o% ^seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used - U7 K4 v0 y4 F! v, o/ J
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).( a$ W4 t& s. R1 \6 D; @
10. 句子:
- F' A2 ?% O& Z. ~ This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
& R9 P* f$ W. K! k, u0 S) m. j damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
4 w" e$ g3 `8 d% Q+ S4 j. _5 ] 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
* A- M7 w1 B& _* p 10.2 from that point9 i$ ^1 i# T- h3 z! E
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
" h6 d( q. O2 L% c, w port 港口
+ S6 {: A; c9 N3 B place 地点& n" V% E2 t5 ]. ~5 L( p. |
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)5 n5 [* }+ U5 r8 g
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
& z1 m6 o2 ^4 Z! q- R! D 说明:
1 T# J {# M2 |$ G% t: L 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分8 j$ P7 F9 A0 l# N
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:3 }/ P; G6 s4 K
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
' ~- g* {- p/ B3 v' j5 i 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的0 S$ W; [+ q' L/ q
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的# ?; u+ u2 i! q: I7 L6 f. X$ `( F
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
* Y" f" c* U2 @$ i% m( Z 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
, r. v# r: h! c% E11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 1 M; X9 d) C2 h: N/ s, Q
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:( e8 n6 q; X7 l+ X5 b% ^; z9 N( c
require sth (of sb), 9 U6 O" Y, @' A6 r0 U) }. K
require sb to do sth,
5 j" M+ Y0 f7 m% {) z require that + 从句, % i2 ]6 o) z4 W/ C6 p" Q, H
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:4 _. J5 f d, ~7 I \
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:+ n8 t1 s) O/ t: `
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside2 `9 t0 ^9 X+ k9 i0 V) e5 E' z
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:& S: P4 Y' v( q# Y, i
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
$ g/ z- X& V2 i 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
; f1 e" \3 C1 G7 N 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
: W8 Q: C" h w/ l railway: 铁路,铁道
/ E* U6 K. o' V7 ]9 [ roadway: 车道
: P" _# c; W: l- w2 `$ Y0 |" {9 } highway: 公路,大道' q- T/ A1 s5 M/ @/ Q
subway: 地铁,通道
7 g7 Z h) Z- d* k airway: 航线 ' J+ f/ _% {; Z& J+ g- u ]; _
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?# {7 e1 d8 |( G/ s
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