Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms3 ^# Z; }$ [; Q. b2 H& q6 h
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment): z8 ^ x0 q0 p2 m! w' a5 H3 x
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 9 z; e: h7 c$ ]
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means ! _% s( I8 e) G; L1 i
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及9 k$ M' u& b+ H; e. h
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the ' Q# f) H. y2 m8 h7 I
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
% V" Z6 x6 R9 G8 w. oonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
! Q/ _6 e# P7 h( u; L10. 句子:) v: }$ E' k b* o3 Q8 v7 n1 Y ]; W
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
$ O, H* s& M& D2 H6 w) }7 S damage to the goods from that point. 句中:! Y9 ?7 k1 F, j4 W5 u; F) m0 ]" D
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.3 E4 I7 c. k4 D* s/ ^
10.2 from that point X6 s! C V! L" B2 @& |; u
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
) N. E* K' u" a, T6 k1 ~5 i port 港口
J, O6 I7 C& |( d1 u. r place 地点
0 F; |* L+ Z: u' B4 ?& O) B9 d point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
' o/ `" i* \# A8 A* ~ premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
" i: L: r( L6 L2 v 说明:
/ P& w* I2 W" W0 [) c* c 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
+ X$ z- ]- c: ~; k: n 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
+ X2 H6 y8 B# Z9 X, Q0 d" W 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他8 @* S8 b6 ~% O: u/ y
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的' W- F) o. F5 a X, S( {, I
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
% Y. j% Z+ l. J6 _) r 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通: u4 i+ r! R8 z l
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
) `$ ^" |: c/ ^! l5 z; p3 y6 |$ [% Z11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
2 U% B9 d# i* C9 W, _1 m* P Z require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
# A# {/ f" G: \ c+ `. H require sth (of sb),
9 Q: E6 D9 G" D. g5 G require sb to do sth, " }0 W* j) D! v& I
require that + 从句, 4 a: s$ X$ O% j, s) d# I
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
- \4 u; K+ T' S2 n 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
4 U- S+ B& q; D (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
% [2 H* ^" k' k3 }8 Y (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
3 y4 i) h" S, A3 [/ c 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
% j' r$ d- Y- ?5 D, v3 o6 ^ 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)$ f$ a* ]; b# k2 Q% ?) N3 G( R( g
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
- G; D9 s9 Q9 A; D- G" Z railway: 铁路,铁道8 b- _: D- O# r3 R! A2 Q+ {% m
roadway: 车道 J2 R$ s8 O$ [3 O
highway: 公路,大道. c& Z' V" E' l; a7 b% _. Y* l
subway: 地铁,通道6 k( d8 k" b5 A' y% T6 M. a8 d7 d$ }
airway: 航线 8 e$ d1 _& q8 g9 m
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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