Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms# V+ z9 x# J7 M' @
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)2 j/ o( H7 g5 C/ |4 L" M& T
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ) @* K6 K" E( C5 d
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
: C. E! i5 v6 Wthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及1 p" J7 \) v$ W3 Y4 i
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
4 D- E# r6 y* _& v7 d4 Zseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
+ k, v7 F" f- o7 v! d Nonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).* l/ |0 Z! }) M
10. 句子:
% K8 ] T6 Z& }, ^8 U6 b$ g1 C9 g7 v This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or + h6 y( Z/ g0 P0 p
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:4 r% \, _( j2 K" Q3 Y& E' K
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
5 Z5 A( e; g4 ~ 10.2 from that point
- }9 S2 Y8 ?3 A6 A+ o: ? 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词: @1 ^% t: `6 o) H0 L3 q9 P
port 港口6 b# l" B0 ^: o! E
place 地点
- D: B* K# O+ w g- k point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”) u0 `+ ]+ N- d* u
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
% Y$ I* M/ n8 \1 F) g 说明:
5 c( i: [ D* ^ 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
4 A' |& q: l9 B* _; { 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:0 c3 W5 v: ]2 f( }! p# f* ]
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
2 t1 Q* U( i* O* B6 D9 a8 C 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的& d3 F) C. @9 M; R
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的/ g* O7 \7 x9 Q, [$ Y$ A
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
; R s# x; W+ b- n! J 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.# M4 K, S# |& z6 W8 b! Z
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. + O7 s) z+ r$ S9 P9 `! k4 b) J
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
1 s. c4 H8 p* W( p6 u: t4 K1 Z require sth (of sb),
. M% H# g6 s0 t O require sb to do sth, " G0 _' f5 L t
require that + 从句,
3 l; A# `2 L, h5 d4 `12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:' ?, D4 j6 _$ ^5 H- \
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:8 L' F; C6 W3 v0 k( K
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside7 i+ D# N! {% [% `/ K; z" e
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:+ H+ ^. L& i& ?+ N
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)/ { |6 C6 l( e8 A
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
. D& H8 b3 U0 O* S 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路8 ~5 k/ x3 w4 w+ i
railway: 铁路,铁道- V5 ?9 [- F$ h5 S+ m3 E
roadway: 车道2 i+ I$ C Z" P) M( v
highway: 公路,大道
: b) P8 v- t5 Y subway: 地铁,通道
4 ]) L5 Y" o) ^1 V airway: 航线
4 }1 x* M( h3 A& N6 l9 a2 y 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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