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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
% R3 |3 U; E" x4 a4 @FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)1 M# k* P8 {0 H8 }0 G* ]& f, K
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
! x6 r8 @: e3 a" d% p! D* {4 e& yship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means ( D4 H9 ~. b1 t7 n; ^
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
+ J z8 j9 Y5 K$ f7 Y损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the - x5 W) y* `) \ m. q! H7 g0 ?
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 4 {! E+ x6 ~( S- U! ]0 z
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输)." y! O F2 D: b8 {: `
10. 句子:' y; P1 [5 E8 R1 n8 z7 `* F/ o
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
1 o6 T9 t/ K; l& E' | damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
' L! t5 W' V" G 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.6 D1 p8 @4 q5 r x. e9 e1 p2 [
10.2 from that point0 f+ L) b, h( a3 o( }. n
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
+ A1 W X8 T4 }) j! Z' d port 港口; B' L r9 r- k4 ^
place 地点* J U0 o" M) X1 j+ z/ M+ ]
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
. [" E; m1 j6 I# A" U premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
. K Z" D8 u( L$ [ B; `) A5 X 说明: / q( v1 }7 k# B% @6 u
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
: [' N( I# Q5 W* I3 P2 d 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
" P7 ~& j7 `' }# t6 o: A 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
$ F& `1 [7 L* r3 `/ d, L) T8 [" j 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
( B" O2 p# z: H- n# z% u: u 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
( n s9 V- q% m 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通6 M5 ^$ t l+ Y7 f
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
, Q. d2 K) q& m( x& N* ?, R- x11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. $ |6 P/ O9 m! Y; H9 m; l
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
3 w) h: s7 W c require sth (of sb),
0 w- o% s! R5 B. t: e2 J+ C require sb to do sth,
* b0 h+ m6 Z* W. s require that + 从句, 1 o, U+ o) p: P- U! E/ B
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:4 d# G; P/ y W4 g" K) S/ [8 O& E; V1 @
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
! {; A D R+ d V7 K( Z (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
4 x3 m6 o- o. K- E4 D5 r( N (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:5 X( t& ?; }2 R, c+ h, B; @& Y
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)& w6 B1 a# {" r/ V% J
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
F' D0 J0 i8 \! G& }! E `" X 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路! S9 s. y% }& F1 y! b
railway: 铁路,铁道5 g( [5 `$ {' Q; h! h' f8 @
roadway: 车道
$ b2 P% M) N! N highway: 公路,大道( r( c9 ?9 D3 f' f( a7 J1 G" b
subway: 地铁,通道
- G5 O- P' Y% v- G4 b airway: 航线
& h# r: z; K$ l8 v( B/ { 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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