Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
, O& K5 O3 f0 [6 BFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment). q) E" l$ u3 q% q
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the / }9 i* J7 [$ H9 D
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means B B) l% \) d6 x/ T& k8 f4 Y( H
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及1 t0 I3 |6 O+ |4 J5 _
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 7 h" v6 }7 r: V, J: V
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
; f; u4 K6 G6 v6 i' A" W. R4 {9 Eonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
, C" s" L* X7 J. d0 y10. 句子:3 ]4 r( ~; w8 V' X2 U9 Y/ _
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or 5 b$ Y4 e( P9 @ M
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:- W3 @/ f! E* w) [ o' e& `+ v8 x: l
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.2 W/ {$ V( T9 ^) z6 \# O
10.2 from that point: S$ c; V5 h2 W2 ^2 u
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:. D# j. F& U0 F; K1 U" f3 |6 U
port 港口 h3 _! ~& T7 T) n4 [' e; {
place 地点$ A0 r( t6 M: D! O
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
. C% C1 ?* L0 C/ m: [ premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
: {: G7 r0 S4 N0 r 说明:
5 v- H' D8 d' I- e/ E 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
- W* a/ V% s) B6 k1 v2 E" [# G 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
. |6 Y0 f [$ r 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他/ U6 }, R' P! e4 r$ h
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
% P1 }# X- G0 Y( E, I2 D0 r% e# `) M 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
' `/ c9 w) ~: B7 J% e/ I, z) f 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
- Z2 [1 @" C1 h& y" F, U 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
: ?) ?, ]% d7 Y9 r7 v11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
}3 C8 v" K+ e6 V require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
Y J) ^6 D5 a! v$ H/ B1 Y. ]8 }3 q require sth (of sb),
9 S5 S0 s: D! v# j* n2 N d require sb to do sth, : ?$ | K2 r4 k: {/ U
require that + 从句,
V/ @8 C' n, H6 U' P8 i12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
) ?- u5 e% @/ H6 \' b6 f 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
0 M) L% e7 l6 H: F; H* { (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside E8 y' c' i- {$ p" W
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
, w! F( Q$ x) u9 S; F, E 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
9 P2 z* `! U+ \. J+ A 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)4 J/ d9 `( h [- Q5 D
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
, ~4 \( T+ v2 T D railway: 铁路,铁道
" E7 E2 Z! L2 P# e roadway: 车道; C" p/ @4 ^2 `- D
highway: 公路,大道
4 A5 b) d2 e% y# M6 T, G subway: 地铁,通道
8 S1 C9 l, r; x1 k0 @$ F; w+ X0 O airway: 航线
; |. h1 M6 T+ U# x 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?# g! w+ t' A0 L) T* N2 ?; p
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