Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms# N- |7 ]1 k5 U& d7 d" M
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)$ \8 V7 R: v7 R& Q
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ( e. f/ c7 e& _. g
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
4 n+ N7 K% z- l; L1 o% gthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及3 l3 N" ?& }$ } Q* {
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
" A- K: Z ?1 d& vseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 8 |# f7 H7 v, O" K3 | w
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).; C8 {! G: W, K8 |# c* _1 l
10. 句子:
4 x$ V9 H2 B. R9 _6 W' [$ ]. r1 e This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
5 n* X; p# z; w5 @" }+ e damage to the goods from that point. 句中:6 e, O4 _, J) S& o
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
2 u7 A# X, D4 H; n- N 10.2 from that point" V+ M& J2 n' b0 v7 W
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:4 [2 n% W& m: d3 c$ q& B
port 港口4 m5 d+ H7 l. B
place 地点
; O% y3 r* |( I( H j9 y! o! _0 {7 l point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)% I. ]$ ?: {1 l! y. A
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
, n1 E% [6 A) i* S9 C$ Q 说明:
; W, I( |% U' u& j/ y5 e 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分* C7 X! H" l" s5 p
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:% ?8 v1 {5 ]( z4 Z) x
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他6 i. u: d, F4 q' U" v, A
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的, O5 ?# L- ^ l+ ]
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的6 j" M2 E# L3 a x" D
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
; d/ Y$ p; t9 Z- ]2 c3 P 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
8 [# d a# _; e11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. # v9 @" O4 J' p7 j+ H8 }
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:1 R+ _& R* L# \
require sth (of sb),
! l+ o8 ?$ r: T5 `) i7 H7 V require sb to do sth, 3 m) s# ~3 W) _, ~/ v
require that + 从句,
6 Y, D- C- R' u! I$ {12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
- P/ c; J2 J5 U 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
6 z# T$ g" U+ b; ]4 |1 q (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
/ i( B" [$ c# J# h4 |3 h (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
+ I& h1 y9 I& R( h 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)3 u3 P4 ~& {8 C
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)) f1 R0 K. s- d4 S2 R
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
/ y- E* F: p; H: \/ m railway: 铁路,铁道5 X6 v5 Q4 \ S) H
roadway: 车道
& T K; v/ s6 D3 Z/ E7 R% O highway: 公路,大道1 \+ Y+ @( q* [
subway: 地铁,通道0 z3 _; v2 s$ X6 L9 x8 H
airway: 航线 " r c4 o( N# |4 v' P/ m
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
4 H' y3 \# I2 j5 h; s. u% I5 t! W |