Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
- m1 p0 z0 O; K l; V7 e* pFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
4 F0 l& _( @0 n& Z" v “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 1 @' T2 w8 }0 ^2 i) i- Y
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
+ e. D, a9 O3 y& @that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及8 F' A# M! [+ w/ p9 W
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 5 K# A" S+ t( k4 I% v
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 6 {+ d1 z. {6 O: e* e T/ E
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).6 t7 V! M7 j& u4 o7 t( P* m- N+ a
10. 句子:
- o0 O$ m* t/ K4 K- r/ I This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
4 ~5 x' t- M A2 q" L W9 D. f3 e damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
+ y3 b5 t. o0 K$ ?, @8 [- o 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.4 _3 e. P5 z+ T+ D( A
10.2 from that point
4 B b3 {6 `! G# h8 v' z 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
. u2 K& Y) r& V Y! `7 t port 港口
6 E; ~2 u8 Q& w. U! \7 m place 地点: ~7 d" D$ U( Z+ U) M8 P# e5 J
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
/ G+ D% i5 v" B5 r0 z premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”): t: F* q% X% Q2 _+ p
说明:
V- V4 r0 S# y0 \+ l$ V# ^. z 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
4 |! h9 L" k3 ~; L. p 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:; K" ?$ Y( f( N% F( M/ |/ O2 S
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
3 }$ }8 m- I! A! P0 O 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
( t& p9 q6 {0 Q5 L# l# O1 m, h! A 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
; i' B& Y% O" E 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
2 r8 r9 a/ j/ c) c 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.' ^, f+ O" R$ V. {9 G( ]% y
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
) {, N. q% m! L2 e$ ^( b. p# F require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
: t( j0 q. `& T5 i# M" W& v require sth (of sb),
/ G) j; m! }! D# R. L( S2 F9 P( s require sb to do sth, 4 |/ \( n9 U5 n3 p, M" H
require that + 从句,
. @' E! M2 j N+ x$ T0 I12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
6 n# j0 a, x6 P( k1 B- G& x 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
7 k) J* m( y, R, k- R) U3 x* N (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
5 t0 U+ ?) U' N( z/ } (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:( ]1 N5 w" S1 b
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)9 _9 ]6 [; O) ^2 \
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)8 }" k' B, e% z# w
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路; ~1 O! E$ ^9 P' u- x' ~
railway: 铁路,铁道
) h+ w, m1 h) V9 U) [ roadway: 车道( K Z8 }, m% S, h Q) V; ^6 g
highway: 公路,大道5 W0 O9 ], p! _4 j
subway: 地铁,通道: C5 Z0 }& a) M6 M$ i7 Q9 h& n @
airway: 航线
. Y8 [8 J4 }" m. l 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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