Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
2 Z) b2 k0 g4 V( N3 DFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)4 C% z: N( ], Y! t' S
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
+ B; {& g+ k' D6 O9 s1 |ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
0 J; ]2 `5 y& e+ Q0 dthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
( ^6 o0 M# g( P& E+ u损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the . r5 t5 o% F, }
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used u; S" c8 d. k
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
' I# Q S/ f4 @6 H) U2 @2 i10. 句子:. d3 K# R4 D {9 _: K
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or # j- R8 n$ S) z" G3 i" A; E6 @- J
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:) }5 @" D2 {# B4 K: u2 R0 D% W
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.3 P: h( z! q8 z6 X' g
10.2 from that point
- b4 j1 W) [3 X# `+ x 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:9 m8 {6 T: J+ I+ F
port 港口$ u: A9 u6 m+ j+ @
place 地点. g2 [6 F& r- F: G% ~
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)% u2 b% ~- {& S% c* \
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
: n+ J* n9 b4 \ 说明: ) }; w' k. v( R2 i7 r7 A
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
' u3 j) H# g; |( g5 E 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:0 @/ X5 }( b" f0 P
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他6 j' c6 ~; O1 Q! ^# ?9 X
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
- G* B+ K7 u8 e8 m2 Q" H% z0 v 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的5 j" {8 n, w* Y
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通# d# _& c9 ~# m7 x) Y; R- V7 w
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.- s& d6 M/ t4 I6 o. s
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. - A3 ?# P9 t' T# {; W% F
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
% _4 \8 I3 J+ _+ \: C7 R9 d/ x' b require sth (of sb),
, h3 T+ N) {7 g4 X$ D( N require sb to do sth,
* w1 r3 z( }( z) n5 S# ~- [ require that + 从句, * k2 f7 f* D- r* p( R
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:% U! E5 u; g, z( h
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
5 c9 ~) m ~; m. H (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside0 N+ v) f1 X2 B% B
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
- }* h. X" `, g0 l" A 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
1 d' S w3 k8 l8 d6 N6 l& T0 W 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)) h; N! j2 e+ t) W; d3 i- w6 A- {
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路4 q/ {1 c" p4 S0 G
railway: 铁路,铁道% }. X5 G, h2 U9 v" C% D, f
roadway: 车道
$ M& _9 e+ i& m7 C! s6 u) H/ d highway: 公路,大道- p+ F6 {( `$ n/ `( k# Z
subway: 地铁,通道: S7 q3 _7 F- n6 H& H C
airway: 航线 . m9 S) Y3 B$ g! d: |0 A( {8 G
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?8 P- l4 F g5 x
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