Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
- X: A; d+ ~* r1 D* eFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
/ O4 x9 G' c9 P “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the & Z$ w9 d, |: m1 j/ S7 M
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
. t3 i- [$ B- b# ?7 ]" f1 bthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及7 G$ A5 B- o, X* A/ [: n
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the * j2 K7 L/ V3 c& H. [
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used " u/ d+ b3 Y- t; E
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
' V4 O" ]8 z* k/ k {8 D10. 句子:$ f4 }! S; h4 M" @
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
/ L* h7 K( @1 V" Q damage to the goods from that point. 句中:/ W: {, o/ I# h q" }' Y
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.: `/ k1 U, N1 h8 U9 @
10.2 from that point! b1 U" E( Z, B/ o0 F4 ?
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
, H3 E" B$ e* k& ^- a' C port 港口/ x; p9 `9 t6 h- s# D( }% A
place 地点
; l7 p2 u' N) p+ W point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)% a4 M7 R5 t4 q$ G0 u8 u' L8 L/ V U
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”). {7 u/ u- W, K
说明:
) R Z2 M3 d7 X2 {) f* [% x 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
% @! s5 Q/ K" }+ ` 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:# O: d6 k3 \- m+ a8 Q
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
, ]0 l. U2 x* h/ x 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的# ~# u( ~4 o" F, P; ?
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
: t% k, a4 |. Y- R$ Z 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
' ?& \; d- K/ F 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.* r( n+ c) [: m2 w& ^3 i
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 5 v6 U. l+ U( E& ]" x' {
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:6 u d+ O0 C! S5 Z( [
require sth (of sb), / A) C5 ~" \ E" F" o$ N" B
require sb to do sth, x5 l Z/ k4 b: G5 D- Y4 k+ G
require that + 从句, + y# ?9 }9 X8 w* X& C, ]
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:1 Q& y) N! y6 Q) a1 t
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:2 u5 t Q/ E" [! o, N+ M- _
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside; d4 b( g; _1 B2 g/ h5 B1 D
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
, M0 t6 T1 j6 x1 W- Q4 Q 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)9 b0 p6 W3 S5 y2 s% B
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
1 V0 y% K# }# c4 v" s. Q 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路7 W; ^3 e' q% b, C
railway: 铁路,铁道1 x% S) R8 |( g, h( N9 C. j+ Y
roadway: 车道/ \5 s& K) L$ o& x/ D; |
highway: 公路,大道4 L7 j! K, y g5 W4 J
subway: 地铁,通道
* J. @- Q0 d& h4 x! ~ airway: 航线
, U$ b& N1 z2 v+ i 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?4 n$ ?3 g. ?" G6 B9 E: N9 g! l* L
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