Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms$ E# c; k9 x& q8 }+ x& p1 K$ C5 e o& A3 E
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)% u) Z! a9 N6 g
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
$ R' z, @! b+ Q( D5 O2 Sship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means 9 q4 d2 z+ h+ k9 O) \0 I7 [
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
8 n3 V3 z2 Q: T+ s z% R- } m5 w损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
. I# F* k. I4 E, O# Zseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 4 {) b k: [6 g$ ]5 Y
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).+ h# f( Q; E) U8 k
10. 句子:
) y; D+ [) X& y1 q% ]* @+ R This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
7 @+ n4 i- i% H0 \, V+ l A damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
- W0 k8 ^" A7 |! b" r' F- o 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
) z( ^* o. c" z. S 10.2 from that point* \3 D5 X8 L# R, c/ i; D; w6 c
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
3 y, f+ [' m" c port 港口
# B, d) f9 W( I u/ \+ u0 ~5 W place 地点
% m& Y5 `1 [# ~ point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”). B% S& x" N6 J6 r2 [# K* U' r" I
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)2 j5 @& |2 Y% M3 {) I" S9 F
说明: 2 ]; }/ A$ v$ u
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
5 u% C8 I; \4 g9 g, w) {& F8 y 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
6 v# O2 _# f: E( ` 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
# I; W/ A( _& i6 k# ^7 Z 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的. H- L7 q$ q. T) M
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的8 \3 B# N4 g3 F8 |4 |6 M" n
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
* I' s/ H! ^# G+ Q E3 W 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.3 N4 W g4 }; ^5 O7 ]* `1 ^, m5 g4 ^
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
I: n9 ?* N- p+ B% C4 f4 ^ require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
0 D- N1 x, h& a require sth (of sb), " V! T/ u3 B$ t/ Z* B R D
require sb to do sth, 0 j5 R% w& j2 T# v/ J+ O1 q7 ]
require that + 从句, / l3 Y) P" t* \/ ~6 Z2 s
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:" g" ~ @: k7 G) e" E
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
1 k& h) T% Y! z (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
* f i! L0 ^/ b; e8 E (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
7 s" X' Y* \, p3 D% \( a* Z# l 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
; u+ w5 i" J: T 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)4 a( K; @8 D2 `/ b4 q O: U
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
; M# j4 F7 b; c railway: 铁路,铁道
$ s. {4 v2 y/ {5 x- S! k# z* u roadway: 车道
9 V( j$ a8 _0 J6 O" {* { highway: 公路,大道
2 F% Y+ m0 Q4 e7 V# y/ W: z+ ` subway: 地铁,通道' _$ z$ |' g/ h- k6 _
airway: 航线
2 Y, [, g7 L, ~5 d0 b 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?" a* G+ J! k& a! h- H, Z
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