Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms6 t, z! U5 u; T& T3 H
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)0 U, x$ B% t! _# d5 D: l' z }$ `
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the - N/ B2 C7 x# V" |/ x
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means f4 z/ T- n! \" C8 i" P5 i
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及7 l# w! y6 B1 W+ X5 K5 v2 O* v
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 3 D, R) A H) F5 f# x! U! q4 D D* `
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 5 w( G3 F, F' H' D, U# h k
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
* Q$ \6 E' h9 ?10. 句子:! K3 B$ L5 n& e* @3 K- \$ g
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or $ ?7 e {$ @8 |4 l4 b
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:' z ?9 {0 P3 {
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
# E: A' h: j, l7 o' i9 D. A: F$ \ 10.2 from that point
0 W5 p; j+ N0 h1 d 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:/ y4 c0 @& o Q) e
port 港口
$ Q* ?/ v" a1 Y place 地点( D0 G* W; H( J9 Y: t% x" z2 m
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)1 z# C6 C% i6 s, d; s8 V
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
6 v8 r0 i3 N. V+ A$ N \6 F5 [0 G 说明: , b/ s& E7 `# J' Q& e
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
0 ]2 p6 r9 `6 K+ ?+ s3 e" ^ 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
6 ]2 ^) T) K1 Q: K% ~' P 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
- U' m9 g* y1 Y8 d! ? 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的: @/ M6 Y4 k) ^
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的5 `( e7 D) r" I" c# Y/ `4 r2 O' U
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
+ d$ o! W B/ K- Q7 r7 M" C. U 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
+ s. ]) b$ i# _1 x z8 M7 @' S11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 0 h8 q1 J1 j1 k4 Y
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:0 h8 D5 y1 a+ k
require sth (of sb),
& e+ ?- v+ A1 h! M. S require sb to do sth,
: m- l- I }1 G3 { require that + 从句, & K0 q) A, w/ D ~. e+ A
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:9 V2 Z! U5 T0 H% ^4 l+ `+ E/ v
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
& X; B/ n) S* H q9 [7 q" P (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside% }) \. h# | d) ~) w" w
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
3 Q( S* y! o- d5 w 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
/ f6 Q3 u; G V+ C5 L+ q+ _6 L 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
. b/ U; y" I5 U1 G! H5 U 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
) S2 w2 R) V" i( E8 C. g railway: 铁路,铁道" R* w" G3 w# v$ e
roadway: 车道3 E( T% C9 g9 i- C
highway: 公路,大道
7 j, F- T. e. i$ K subway: 地铁,通道) V, Y+ v) ]7 j& e# n
airway: 航线 2 l9 d" q) p( W; N
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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