Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms- F9 J# w: y& I1 ?2 b6 @, E
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
: K0 R& m; M0 s9 ~) M “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 9 w8 K* O6 E# Z: g
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means , s: N; b/ h$ C! h6 x1 t
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
9 _' T. g1 J: Z损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 0 a4 u1 g: \+ k- F
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
f# I5 f% I, S# F" o: O6 k3 Ponly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输)., m8 K8 J* u q, {' e- @9 T) J
10. 句子:, @ P* ], A& n8 E7 z- h. R, o
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
5 \1 p# C% i5 J1 E9 L A- c damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
9 q7 g1 G4 w8 R& M. i I 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
) D$ Q% T- h2 F# }) ^( v" l 10.2 from that point, E5 a8 u7 f! b, v
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:6 @# Q& R, r6 C: z) j
port 港口" _. c: Y, J% R0 w9 S
place 地点' O' A3 ~0 B! D) ]% _6 B
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)& }' E) a2 ?1 i" H) Y6 w3 L
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)& q0 \: H6 T3 i. k9 o. p
说明: l* t0 t- I7 w1 ?+ C* M
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分: B6 y# ^5 O* v/ O9 I2 i5 t' x" v
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:/ [7 J! n C$ W+ [6 i/ u9 i- F
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他" s: [! Y3 I& |2 F; @
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的6 y: }7 q$ _! L, u b
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
; p* M- j$ S m 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
, h' p p8 ^+ N3 e# |( X 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
% i, U, @; U2 U11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. ; g5 o' \9 m- ~0 q4 i( q
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
5 U4 I( x S% Z, A6 U require sth (of sb), ( L6 J# ?4 S7 F% n) K3 L. ~
require sb to do sth,
A. h! w- W* ]) R# U require that + 从句, % u: R. b c5 j. l# T
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
R9 Y; @$ |. E% \% ?1 @: f 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:- v- D0 s* k' H2 L. k4 W; c
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside7 U" u% i; D0 v
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:4 h8 [7 q* L2 L' |
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市): H8 ?" X( [. `% _
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
S+ ~: H" g' @: J0 |4 ~ 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
- L) B% \# K" p1 B$ e* K9 N. ~: C railway: 铁路,铁道
4 {1 n( s4 ^. A4 j8 d! M2 o4 r roadway: 车道
" \7 J& W2 x4 \7 K highway: 公路,大道' o+ a( M) F6 P! @2 G0 V2 [
subway: 地铁,通道
% n) I) L! A/ p airway: 航线
% N) L% @" T) @8 b, H 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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