Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms, \# ]/ P. o$ D
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
, x4 l7 P8 ^" |: E8 `5 S “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
0 J. X- c8 m6 c$ }+ B6 p5 ]9 t- Nship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
* ]; C* p: U5 e( n! p, N$ u* d% athat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及1 r" ~5 P% W9 f
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 4 j7 x$ @+ }: u7 G! F; o: g
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
) o. }# A; }% R, honly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).4 X; {% _' I/ C+ f
10. 句子:2 d" d U2 J1 u7 W; x6 w! q! b0 b7 T
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
" r: Q" E6 Q7 S5 S M+ l damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
4 q; J% z$ m z. |1 w 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.- h% Q7 n, d5 _/ }& l |6 z" M+ `
10.2 from that point0 d T7 l/ ?9 V+ ?, @
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:; H ?/ J/ m \* P) c, l0 }
port 港口
; h2 z% y+ y! k( x1 h/ H' F2 e place 地点1 I; Y$ _1 P1 Q3 d1 ^0 Y2 y
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”); p( I ?' T6 J' y& r& r: i
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
/ y2 ~, I0 A8 {+ w+ X/ S 说明:
- J4 q9 t& D' S: V: S$ `- W+ j 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分$ X. d5 P6 a! M4 T
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
$ z- B E( ]2 Q8 N; w( e- G 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
% q. j( r J: ]: c& S 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的' @7 m5 e+ W6 O0 y
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
/ T1 o% v5 i: o3 u- e5 E5 A- r" R 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通: D1 n* ]$ D. T+ W5 _
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
* S7 V2 C8 f. H& H# R11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
% ]- o* Z. ?0 ?: \ require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:1 ~# \$ Q1 \$ i, [8 [& }& M4 z; p r
require sth (of sb),
3 t" u- ? f% a6 A require sb to do sth,
K7 \# s) v. x( b) e require that + 从句, 6 O, J( Z1 f0 b" S
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
; D2 Z2 c5 K$ r7 N( b$ v | 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
7 v1 ~1 w6 I9 J1 s (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
1 f1 R! f. p6 O3 n" Y0 o (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:3 Q5 c3 k. `0 U6 u6 D: o8 `( Y# [% ^
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
\: s3 Q( @' H# ^. L 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)' E; e2 m+ r6 G% w* J
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
/ k1 R- \1 @+ a( c+ L1 ]: C railway: 铁路,铁道/ Y/ p; R; t5 V( ]2 s0 t
roadway: 车道, s! W. Y* x, R$ o* D( j# r
highway: 公路,大道# @+ U& B3 t1 G
subway: 地铁,通道3 |! \0 W$ Z& K/ e9 f/ d' Q7 f& l
airway: 航线 ; K( U9 f& H* @8 S3 r
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?0 |* i' ~! m7 E( N
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