Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
7 W* f- Y( a: s! Z& l2 HFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)- n) r( I l6 \
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
4 A5 |/ _. ~0 B6 o L+ c0 X9 Zship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
* F8 e7 z4 C5 r1 y6 Dthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及0 o1 G* d' ?& G3 v+ n9 G: t( g3 M/ n7 T
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the , Y. v& c0 R) p8 R" t/ y. \) {0 O
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used + d1 S c! v6 c) O# O- e1 S; `
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
6 n$ b3 w% R% U. o10. 句子:
, X: J: ?4 E: |/ V This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
1 S/ ^8 X. E" C$ @5 | E3 H damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
. V& z: v0 V% Y2 O# Z/ f2 }' I5 Y6 y 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.' q4 F9 q( `9 j, \
10.2 from that point! N1 G) A$ C' V6 |% H6 G: o. H7 Z/ d
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:9 o/ y" F) r, o% h" s% P. _1 q' Z
port 港口
: i3 Q: I$ P) h$ V6 ^8 ?5 V place 地点3 z$ c, W r& M" _) P
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
3 D/ o2 V1 n. ~7 P/ e# S- h% w premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)4 B7 ~- Y1 C U: z$ t& r C$ x
说明: 7 F a" L8 s# P, i( u. @6 S$ ~
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分" @) G9 X- i T( _) t
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:) o, K1 g+ P$ s& g- M. l
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
; @4 B$ c7 ]# ~2 |) a# l* O9 g0 K% h 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
5 d( E; {: B7 S$ {& r 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的! \# ? S( }( G$ V
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通' F6 p8 S o0 i5 k* ]- ^
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.+ I0 z7 s5 Q7 X# L- y" O8 _
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
9 ^& r( G+ i5 a0 `) o0 K require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
% [. N) p1 u. W1 j% v require sth (of sb), 6 {0 W, Z% @) G/ \0 F" K0 `3 r
require sb to do sth,
, _9 r5 Y8 J# a2 ~: N; V require that + 从句,
S2 F' r& l7 ^7 P0 Q12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:+ C3 u; O. r$ e- Z8 E2 L
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
: w2 m% j2 R% p8 k0 g, \ (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
# s7 _3 s$ i- T (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:- w( L1 K% L q4 {# ^
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)* P) W3 T" M2 l& D* @
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
8 Y9 t9 v3 d: j% i, L& j 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
9 ?" _* l3 S9 ^3 B# q railway: 铁路,铁道
0 F2 @8 @( ]( L& j" s roadway: 车道( H, \2 c% ]7 R; J* k8 |
highway: 公路,大道
: K* {4 m' y# d/ j! o. d+ k subway: 地铁,通道. a* A7 `8 G, E @# H
airway: 航线
* k- l v3 z# z+ |+ N 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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