Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms8 ` ^3 D& t1 y; Z6 p( G
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)7 u$ j, {5 G1 a: @9 ~; m
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the * M8 |# v, H7 S6 \( b
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
1 g+ d. j6 h c, s4 ^+ @that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
8 \* {% U2 D8 X) O! }# y损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
& u( L# t( X$ x7 ^* aseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
* j6 l% N2 c1 Tonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).8 o/ b) U' s9 P, n" a
10. 句子:. O# I5 r/ F8 K
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or . q: q7 l: v8 s& y, `
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
! l. m, ?3 I4 Q! H1 V4 m 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担./ m. b# B: h; e1 K4 f" ^5 z3 F
10.2 from that point
5 s/ e1 w" s8 E, x. d4 q 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:1 C& @$ j% d6 d* ?5 |7 ~
port 港口
9 j4 n- V! O2 t6 p+ A1 z: ~, W place 地点
! y0 ?! }& }3 g \5 ]3 J point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)! r9 p F7 C8 Z
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”). k8 Z- ^# L1 K2 H9 ~0 ?( Z
说明: + [% N3 O" G# ]1 o( c5 }" t
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分( g. d E {, u" X
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:. T/ \- ?4 \: u; }, l/ B) D
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
( i$ _9 v/ u+ a: q( j 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
1 s/ y2 L ~4 y& o- f# H! @9 X 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的) P1 d5 s4 R5 b! A5 v
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通! F& ?! `; A3 `% o8 e
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
$ D" h$ V6 A' q- _2 b, W11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. ' m) N o& J7 M
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:: Y$ P, J0 ]6 \2 S5 d
require sth (of sb),
h1 G9 \& w' q# b5 ?' C require sb to do sth,
. X# X" A! F. @ require that + 从句,
! N1 L3 ` L5 K- ?) `6 O12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:$ S! E8 ]- z; @% v; C3 t8 v. k
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
: n0 ^( s$ K- X& p: h3 \$ l! t (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
1 \) `. N* z; S4 P! H1 u- j+ m (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:/ {8 n9 f7 {( t- }+ k+ h5 r
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)6 g( Z0 @' Z' K! j$ w7 w
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易): J; b* f/ A/ j8 X! i# J
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路/ ~! {- h. h4 a
railway: 铁路,铁道
. V( I( T; w6 ~: L+ c# a2 W roadway: 车道
) B! q) }; E' r. H highway: 公路,大道. N* T( v" i4 r: R! }
subway: 地铁,通道
5 Z- W1 n* K b airway: 航线
2 |2 b3 b& D$ Q+ D2 O 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?) L! J* m6 s& _& j/ w* I+ a
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