Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
( h3 F, e, {' j, s5 U, t; `FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
" U4 G2 u' g! t1 K# q “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
% N/ S* N6 ~4 G- w& xship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
7 }/ b. F9 X' S! pthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及# F# b6 Q+ P9 M
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
2 w1 V( R- c' p! Y! Hseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 6 r" N/ ~! N' c
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).# ]' R K( T& D+ A
10. 句子:
+ ^5 j* T! f( z. K s This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
! w, `6 a2 `5 m6 K @ damage to the goods from that point. 句中:, F+ |" ?0 ?& o/ B& F. x( W
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
( C+ u3 t+ E$ b# v4 k6 \6 A: \ 10.2 from that point- u6 q2 D' n4 g' q
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:* A7 ]7 t. ^9 U/ z
port 港口
. ^4 R1 t1 W. d x* y8 } place 地点
' u0 r: A$ ~" I3 H. W9 \ point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)6 h& @) ]3 }( ~; w$ D
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
7 W3 I9 s- z) l 说明:
/ s# S: N: B$ z' S 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
, W2 e( h* b+ Q 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:, d) b& M" @% g. z
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
: B& B9 ^; B( P( y% N6 T3 I 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
1 t: X/ ^% }# h6 S 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
6 L7 s: P# x& O2 I% S 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
0 n. h( s* C% A( j) m* M 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
6 L c% o" x$ }/ T11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 6 U) |9 g H% _2 v0 q3 P- F
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
1 E& w; b( I# _% q, j/ V& B require sth (of sb),
$ H) Q P: @/ l) a4 R y( S, q require sb to do sth,
; V4 f8 h; Q. v1 Q( F require that + 从句,
. C' E( M, j; G/ k) n' g12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
; A& u; I3 a- l( n/ P 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
+ l- g1 h& E5 P2 s (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
# A, u4 @$ i- s+ b: F (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
: O6 G- O$ z/ M4 \) w" T# n* m 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)1 c5 ^. o4 m1 B/ O: c6 p/ q8 P
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
0 [& Q; t7 j9 }" Z 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路" e- j4 `! A5 w0 \2 w2 M1 j" m
railway: 铁路,铁道: s) z4 g i) Z
roadway: 车道
0 |, {+ u8 g/ ^2 X highway: 公路,大道& \) V; M8 x! k7 c
subway: 地铁,通道
# i% X8 |5 G+ w8 g+ h airway: 航线 + ~; Z+ ^# E0 E7 j9 ?: @
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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