Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms8 Y( t5 h% u2 F* D7 g ]
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
1 ]9 U9 k ]6 f7 u' Y1 ^ “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the " ?* z! ~' j; [$ ^7 F$ ?
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means / P9 x5 }( Z6 }" r( R
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及: M6 l& G/ I3 O, S; X5 J6 o h
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 9 x8 c) k/ l. W: q# p
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
0 w0 U3 w1 W( s1 z+ {: Nonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).( w, u6 {2 r$ ]& l, t3 Z- W
10. 句子:
; j6 n- L7 \% H5 F This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
! Y e4 q4 ~, k" _# B) m" x damage to the goods from that point. 句中:& y) [, @( t: S! k
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
1 q; a$ S( ^9 q+ u5 Z$ s 10.2 from that point
: u, S6 ~7 b9 e% @ 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
7 g ~( h) y. P port 港口
$ w4 a, d7 `( M1 P9 ~ place 地点. q: |- ?/ D" t+ g5 k/ M7 x
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
3 H7 x. v/ e8 E( X% n" j: m premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
+ }0 ]0 B8 O' u/ Y2 R& G# U( | 说明: 9 X$ O0 {3 R" i# k0 ~
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
+ r8 @' N6 Y& n/ q 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:: v8 ?! H8 l$ R% n$ A1 C3 m' L: q: D
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
+ R$ s1 p; }; q& i 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
4 E* r" t/ l [$ L 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的2 X3 w6 T) W8 n. |: a3 f( j& `
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
0 \1 B& Q% K+ I 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.3 m/ k# L3 G( q6 Q
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
+ F6 {' r$ X7 B! R require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:2 ~! b/ b5 [+ ?2 y+ G$ F
require sth (of sb),
6 G: Y$ s/ H; {8 v& a% i require sb to do sth, ' T; n- t- T `; T$ S( M& H
require that + 从句, - m# P$ d8 d% s' Q# j% _7 a1 t& j
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:1 P# H+ j4 J6 A* C$ g% e
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:8 v8 m4 {1 D/ a. E6 M( O
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside3 o4 X' w( S9 a# w
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思: [6 C* O. p( J6 U! i' u
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
, Z1 |8 C5 Q4 E5 Y1 a z 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)3 x6 m9 h; U/ S) q) n
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
8 K" G9 S) s' q3 U8 n railway: 铁路,铁道
% ]0 \! z, r! t) l& L roadway: 车道
# k# _6 M; P7 u highway: 公路,大道
" Q1 m2 O' h: U- m# @ subway: 地铁,通道
% F% x& n/ c' D3 d0 r airway: 航线 : B0 ]: O9 ?8 o& i1 o
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?% A) p2 G$ x/ B, j O1 W) y
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