Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
* h8 y5 y8 f! r8 f6 M! y Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and* b, F' M" y" I, D: l6 q, D
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 6 K1 I9 L. ? m# T8 o
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
0 r+ u8 k: j0 q$ S9 estages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
8 s5 G4 K' N3 {' r% L" w& Gthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected O( V' b- F9 t6 O- g* h! J( N
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
$ T/ R5 o/ _/ R, Cthese services are:
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8 i8 J$ p' Q" t6 t7 G! L3 m. O$ c课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
8 w0 v( D+ E/ l6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 4 C3 X+ }1 }+ o* v7 W
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
/ u, o) r3 e" w4 o; k = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …( Q: H3 H* e3 i0 q
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
8 c! @( o& _3 j, }3 E) z* l9 e6 o: Z 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”6 c& V2 r# k, f% U
6.1.2 attend
( m) e5 q4 O. p F. | (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
/ o+ |; ]9 T7 s (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” & v1 \6 y4 H: k. `1 D
例如: attend to one’s work
4 t1 G, m' X6 ^1 X( } (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to8 ^. ~4 k+ U- U
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to# d! o* O! h. d2 ?* l
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
- G0 ~& Y- W, U& ]7 R/ R4 A (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续) ^8 ]# \5 w; l! h# r9 a
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” + p+ R, R" B$ s7 e) m/ j4 f
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
4 _# _) Z5 q8 m! n$ ~7 T0 e (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
! @5 P* e8 s* R! [0 Z- a% ]& c- m documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ( m/ [. C0 `0 S4 m$ Q. f* I. ?7 R
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ' r+ n! A% E6 b% _
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)$ A8 s, C* C/ F8 v3 n% d/ n
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
% i$ Z, `5 R% j! u& f$ H" o3 c (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
: P% D# W- L. j' e1 R: F6 V the customs formalities (海关手续)* \+ r, g6 W3 i1 g6 I( U
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
1 L& a r6 O7 w1 l句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:0 _7 q8 {& ?7 y% j* z
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. & k+ o1 ?( ]6 V8 o/ [7 @/ K
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
& w9 I4 H$ k1 m- l 繁杂手续的话…) t. d1 \, l4 F! s5 B; i
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
) p5 F" b" }) s) b ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement ! _$ Z5 K, o4 S9 o8 e, I }
of goods...8 X1 Q5 P7 o' ?" V
+ }( Y" `: v8 P9 m 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
9 p$ K& v% h8 x- X 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
" u0 S. Z5 w1 L- e; S, f; y the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”% D! B! Z" Y6 N/ m4 F6 i$ V
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
/ e6 a* t5 x$ y3 v$ j 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
( h7 Y& } @( H; P+ Z7 C% C (1) process 名词. 9 R8 Q7 {& A$ S2 b- b: @, ^! i' N8 v: H
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken& K. Y; z! i U' M. D; D, i3 D( j
例如: distribution process7 b' b; d4 k8 W$ l% I; Q9 C/ A
(2) process 动词.
5 R: E* [5 X+ ^; W6 c! Q; ] process = to prepare and examine in details
& |! n4 D$ s' d! C( @$ c( S 例如: process the movement of goods9 y* S: W7 I7 f. \
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:$ \+ N7 N- C; g* A' X& q3 Q! d
... through the various stages involved.
5 J; U$ p7 V# y( \) W' T+ ] 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
7 k6 b+ ` Y5 e, d; j 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:% d( w1 P% v8 g* j+ c n2 H* A
(1) 使...陷入,拖累* k9 }5 \$ A" m( K: }2 ?2 d! N
(2) 包围,笼罩- r! d" f/ [9 |5 u7 m# d+ y
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
: _5 G( H: D# s a/ f Z2 G7. 句子: : M. T7 \0 d8 O1 T% d
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 4 A7 e- E' W6 W; q, _, T2 o
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
5 v% R7 I3 @. w9 H( J 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:( u5 G5 s h$ f7 g
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.$ u3 p3 X& T& [# ]( B- J
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
0 \' P1 k' S g9 I- g P! B 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
" a% E4 z2 ^8 U3 M: ~7 V% v5 |4 u submarine (潜水艇)+ B2 E4 R9 k) v
subway(地铁)) W4 {, x' J0 D* V" w
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
3 Q, o1 I" h* r' W! ~* } subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
3 H- ^6 I/ e% C- Z 给第三者而签订的合同). S2 l, R; j/ n0 }& I! ~
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
- `8 ]8 P4 M2 ~! _6 e subagent 副代理人% m: I1 p3 { g" ?4 C% G
subcontinent 次大陆 " k6 R0 p; T/ g5 R T3 x
subsonic 亚音速) Y& h. r) ]0 K
subroutine 子程序 ) @' m" C( ` W5 o+ n# H
7.2 关于这个 through :& \3 w: l* C: O& {
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.3 w+ u$ y5 j1 N8 [: C6 A7 B1 O
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
" l0 y5 k1 {$ O7 n% P "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程). \+ I- C0 s1 ?3 ^# R# U: h/ @
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.8 k8 U' S7 `& E4 d) ]% I: \9 p
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, " r# U9 p# w1 T; q* Y; |
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
( M7 w! x2 ^" H8 L9 i j/ } through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
( q6 Z( u9 C2 Y8 W! y1 c3 Y8. 句子:
' X7 Y1 d) x. r He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
' F* A7 I1 Z" B. v/ ~/ c* h overseas agents. 在句子中:
8 a# b' T8 X' v5 l# P 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
) v' N1 x' k- h% K! c5 T! [1 _: |9 ^ 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
1 z8 q. T4 v) Z2 R; j! l. r 其形容词: utilizable ' i+ S" w) r; `6 ?( ^# s7 h6 c5 p. k
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:* Q' N' u2 w# o) p* Q) F0 L
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思5 M. u2 a4 w5 O6 e7 Y/ k* j4 E3 E
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