Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
1 l5 v; t3 v% q2 ] Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and+ M* B+ X8 b- V- I4 @- o
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
7 V* c7 U# C- Vundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
* B& }3 D. H1 o2 o ~5 N- V8 Lstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or # b% Z5 P* A; w- \% b1 C
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
4 a) [8 u- I6 V4 Y8 v0 e: Ato utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
8 f! }& M8 T# Rthese services are:
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. R5 r/ d5 E8 g1 z课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
3 N6 ~) z) `0 q4 M6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
) U( j; x @7 E. I( Z8 g/ X1 i" s/ e Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
$ b3 a% T/ t1 m = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …" W3 A, U5 @, h
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. ! ^ Q4 A, Y* A' Z7 u
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
8 w* c1 ^8 h) @& J 6.1.2 attend
3 H' }: r2 d7 d (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 5 T* a, @1 b6 c" N! ^
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
) z/ m$ o* J6 V! c9 q+ }7 L 例如: attend to one’s work 8 m/ j7 _1 O$ }" N* C
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to; n, c: T% S# I
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
' @! _! k4 ?, A5 | 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities1 m1 M8 c2 F, p8 w, a3 u a9 s% v
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
) h3 {+ m4 S; @9 _$ Q0 j procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
1 [2 k% p( v' s2 W4 ]) W4 w procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” & [( Z+ P* h9 g& E! ?; `
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)6 Z# ?( I; I& O/ v2 j
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
: [. I1 ^- o* K$ x documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
9 H* ?! U8 y1 R+ ] 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)8 U' R' [' O) `! T, k
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
- }( b% n, m5 D2 L# ] (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
/ _' j0 Z# S1 k# S8 d9 c- i the customs formalities (海关手续): F4 _$ r, c( T. a2 k
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
/ @/ ?' o9 o2 G& b' E F句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:" |7 |& {8 C/ Y: s, L
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
4 v5 v- v+ v$ `. z7 `9 ~/ F: _) h 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
9 G& r1 X4 N+ E6 l8 W 繁杂手续的话… j+ p0 e$ I+ l q U
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: / f( _! p. b( u- A
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
: g$ S* s( P1 Z1 D3 z& D: _ 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
$ a) ^+ D" B B L the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
0 G8 p3 F$ U6 I( ` m2 F 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
* \7 M" t, K! b8 a% W+ _* L 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
8 p" F) F" B% Y7 R (1) process 名词.
. ^; K/ [. Z/ L# B process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
! o( P$ H" D- d C/ P3 o3 F. z" K 例如: distribution process9 b# @; S4 A- h+ v7 m
(2) process 动词.% R$ C a* q( u( N; i0 }: l0 L0 d7 ?
process = to prepare and examine in details
' m8 J S- X3 p- Q$ S/ Y+ j 例如: process the movement of goods
$ T5 k% N. ~( H2 e; \. r7 P句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:3 s! u) F9 m9 Y5 n# e$ F7 y
... through the various stages involved.
5 [# t, M, I8 ?8 F5 y 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action! d2 o, r( B5 d5 B1 Y& `6 a! Z
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
6 `# U( M: |9 K4 j (1) 使...陷入,拖累
% W: Q2 S! f+ x! X1 l5 L$ D; i* s (2) 包围,笼罩: m6 W. x& u. g$ A# p' u
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
# X# s! X$ j% \7. 句子: Z5 W' g4 d1 L$ C# ] h7 k( \; |
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
- U' t) u1 M% ?* f& q: x6 w( \ subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
! t, I/ r% K6 L- a$ v: d+ n+ ` 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
9 Q5 W Z$ K; Z9 d# @% G5 L# W 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.( d2 z1 [' r! s$ P6 w+ K( t
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
$ \( k) S5 L, \3 E, Y" B; N 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的4 i: B7 W7 T: ]6 d5 B4 E6 E& D3 W
submarine (潜水艇)* r7 \' r# |* p: x, G
subway(地铁): D4 }3 ?/ k- _6 ?
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
& n/ C9 ]; m3 C( n subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
: O% P4 ^; g: V( f0 ] n 给第三者而签订的合同)
) u8 t( B7 I6 G( A9 z+ R subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者. V: |1 E" Q; x
subagent 副代理人: a/ G2 m( A: W2 u
subcontinent 次大陆
8 o. z5 V1 B# ` w* } subsonic 亚音速/ E9 A# {3 h, ]0 d
subroutine 子程序
5 H1 K/ o0 ?* R- n 7.2 关于这个 through :: d- A) S0 B) }3 k# N
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.. d/ r! Z! a" _3 x5 q/ N' C
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 3 o2 p5 ?2 W& W* E( [# w) k; {
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)9 T7 L1 i! V( O( E4 ^. S: M2 x
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
$ K) u5 e+ P6 E 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, * T) R. \+ Y0 c) n `
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
& v$ N8 a }+ {! t/ C$ N through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)8 f5 U# k+ X9 f
8. 句子: 3 B2 }: E; o) n9 S+ N% M- x* p0 \
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
8 Y5 l5 c9 l8 l6 M! L, K/ O overseas agents. 在句子中:. O" m/ q v% W% ]' _' T/ d8 J3 c- {
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
% q/ T5 C5 A4 ^ ?2 v3 p- _ 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)4 A! F( c+ ~, t0 \/ s( B8 A
其形容词: utilizable
! k2 a7 s. b( A, V9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:# v3 n/ v9 E L7 d
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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