Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
4 G/ |6 h* {8 p- E: k Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and- v1 |6 n7 e% q, O" x2 Z1 `
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who / q* T, `: k) f7 x0 O
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various% s! x9 R' [' O: U' Q
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
8 @ |6 C$ N7 {& Mthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected ) @9 e8 k/ a% i) l' L
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 7 m" @1 U; C- ^- ^& G
these services are:
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8 B" e+ `; G& k# [# c! @课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容./ L. ]+ \5 ^2 S! m! F
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 8 }* z2 X7 P) e, a$ U
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
+ n( g u" }6 R9 Q6 w9 B = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
i. b0 P. w Z! F! w; C$ _ 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. 4 g+ I: |# |6 N
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
d9 n4 ^' c3 d' p; q7 ^ 6.1.2 attend
1 i* R* h( L7 i+ h- J (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 5 p; O# t" i5 j: V3 A1 }- X+ k7 h
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” ! D/ F( z( ~( v8 X2 L
例如: attend to one’s work , I5 y- _4 f7 x* x \0 Q
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
2 v5 ~$ q8 w8 g) s (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to0 {+ ^9 d. ]1 k1 l2 h4 |
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities( c E: c& T1 |4 q+ R
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
+ w u4 I/ J( P" ?$ h1 A, T procedural 形容词, “程序上的” # F8 i3 @5 A0 s, R8 d/ G2 M3 x+ {1 B
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 0 W0 J: O& Z4 g( n( p- {
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)- k) @" b8 ]* Q" w2 ]) ^
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
8 Y) `6 K3 W0 x: A documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
/ z! q L I. U0 e; m J) v3 K' q 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
3 x& S* `& \- i document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
0 z6 m% \! _9 e! u: s (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
+ ~5 Y" A, q3 M0 X0 z/ ` the customs formalities (海关手续)( \1 }1 M! Q, Q
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)# Y4 @$ |1 \% K( ]* h
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
Y7 D) v: r" i- ] 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. , M7 {5 G. G" F# t5 R# \4 [, o! h
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
6 h1 d- |- G0 c |' [0 ~8 x8 o 繁杂手续的话…# A3 M7 ?3 _3 J3 |
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
6 J) g& m- l0 b9 i5 m6 C ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
% r9 r8 W0 Y* o4 U5 S" o% C of goods...
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- w4 T3 x: V- F8 A L5 @1 N/ [& p 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构( ^5 J) r; Q, Y4 h2 g* E# d
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调7 v! |" S3 i2 x5 A) x& W7 h, r0 M
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
5 G, Z/ p0 z8 o# x+ ~4 L 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
0 F3 [& g# ]" V: S6 E 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:/ A! X6 @; \9 K+ W: I
(1) process 名词.
% s* R/ D, D8 R2 z8 K" G- ~" b process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
- i+ b+ K* Y7 Q( h3 I3 R6 O G* y9 B& C 例如: distribution process F% F" P. ~& q) A' S
(2) process 动词.
6 j" _8 q$ N" T" ?. z" ? process = to prepare and examine in details7 Z' m7 q9 v/ h
例如: process the movement of goods$ m m# R, C8 F9 P
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
3 j5 r& f( U2 J+ L T5 Q ... through the various stages involved. ' U( d1 a q' A; E I4 a7 E
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action1 T4 M7 R# M; j
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
# |7 C5 z1 P: ]4 a2 h @ (1) 使...陷入,拖累4 f7 d5 f) d k0 z
(2) 包围,笼罩& U- D+ d0 {1 t
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思9 F" b9 c& A! X. ^7 `, N
7. 句子: 8 z/ \+ i) }6 T; H T4 b) D
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
# j6 ^" ~7 d2 t$ Y subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
0 K5 z" _: @7 t( e4 r 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:! a- }4 l- w% a$ J% R0 b6 H6 L6 N
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.9 u/ e7 y. p9 T( _. x$ M
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思. C) h; l! t7 G
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的2 h% r6 G; e% D+ ]1 A. _
submarine (潜水艇)1 C0 ~# [* m& j
subway(地铁)1 F# l( p8 j: Q
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的* S6 {5 ^/ ~ Q K$ h7 Z5 C
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
2 i. A# o# M2 {; c7 N 给第三者而签订的合同)# r, `' d: m. L% c. O5 X: q
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者' j: [8 P$ S( R6 i4 B" D! h
subagent 副代理人# z ~5 A% @% [" C) N: y
subcontinent 次大陆 . j# @9 U% y6 v% Z6 P, }
subsonic 亚音速
/ E) c) _4 M' F- f subroutine 子程序 " Y) s3 S9 @; G! Y) V: w$ `$ i% k
7.2 关于这个 through :
) d* q3 _+ }; a; {* q f3 F( O* p 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
, `" p* G5 Y+ { 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 9 \8 T z/ s8 J f9 \
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
( n! ~/ X7 R- ]/ S 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.. x- a, D1 g2 C
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
* j2 X+ S- V6 E: W5 j+ G) L/ n& Y: z through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)* q/ B$ }* x2 o) E5 a" Z2 l. u1 G
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)/ |4 u. t/ t, Q0 R: \1 e P0 }
8. 句子: ) n! F6 V1 V2 Z, M0 l8 R
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ) h$ C3 t- j+ N' b# y
overseas agents. 在句子中:" }. j' E+ b; x( N# p7 P
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词2 R9 y# d+ h. t0 W! S* U
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用). z! b# Y) E2 K, l4 x7 Q
其形容词: utilizable + @% _" ~* f: `: A
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:, J* c- j* u1 @+ m
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思1 k1 l9 |) @5 e. l* n
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