Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services/ l- c& ~2 O) n2 |6 D$ W- x
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
3 t( ?' `* ?1 d9 C' G$ K7 ddocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who ' P0 ~2 J4 V( |0 D5 C. Y! q% E
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
9 S4 o2 Y# D. w" {8 a! g8 H' Xstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
3 @5 t# ~ m6 D: G7 g4 ~( X/ H: ]through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected - G2 c. X* Q1 m) h2 ]2 i
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
7 f: I: {7 B$ v/ ]. I+ Q3 athese services are:% S: `. M$ z6 I+ @9 a8 M# A
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容., m$ `1 x* } |) p/ ?* b$ _
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: / M6 g! z" h. i
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … 3 p5 m' e3 A! o
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
& u1 ?" ^, T% ^" ~1 \ L; K0 r2 ~ 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. 8 N0 @ z+ }0 F! N$ t
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”0 b% `6 @* o6 M- V5 s
6.1.2 attend
8 c) S* J! M: C& ^8 J0 A8 ~7 X$ U (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting " v7 N6 @( ?* L9 s; Q
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” & |5 Q" a5 K' u3 d$ d
例如: attend to one’s work - p) P+ w2 h% e3 J- F: t
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
& S F# S* n# f8 `8 s6 h' X/ c (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to& q0 ^( }5 Q* p6 H$ X
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
7 X3 U: `8 W+ y4 }# c/ | (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
8 t1 A$ g, E) C% B procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
( N- Z4 w. Y Z: @. G procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” : o$ k- ?4 F" h
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)1 Z) p9 v: U! @' t$ L7 T
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” 2 E2 R1 e3 n& S( D! |- L
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, . g5 K7 f3 \8 j3 x
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
3 P2 G% p2 b0 P6 o document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” ) P x* L3 C, L: }" j3 p
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
+ F! X! L4 P! @! X0 U the customs formalities (海关手续)
, O" f8 Q8 f6 o' {2 H5 } go through due formalities (经过正式手续)5 S/ H K- |( K I+ S! m! B9 \' v
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:' H9 s3 j0 U+ S
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
! A( n4 l9 X9 \6 M: ~7 }1 f( V, g 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些* o2 E) u2 \+ X( I6 ~% `
繁杂手续的话…9 D! G( F# T: @ L; G
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 1 m( W' N! h# Q. X( C; i+ m
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
& e7 j( f \# f8 R* T* D9 f of goods.../ _' @! v2 R* P% ? d% F
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
( Z8 [5 X. n/ o) E% w" ` 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调5 T6 l% x8 X I* u' [5 R
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”* b4 L4 s+ `. U- b/ m, b' ?- |) K: L
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
2 {$ ?4 f3 c) M$ M o1 { 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
$ A5 Z! ]( ^6 u( t6 \. f3 ?# J (1) process 名词.
, H0 U: u7 v0 @' y$ I& R, F process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
/ Y4 Q8 d! k3 Z3 |. p0 Y; j: e5 ~ 例如: distribution process
, E; L4 f' b* S0 V& m9 f5 C (2) process 动词.) y5 {+ C5 U8 C) Q: o5 @, F5 b
process = to prepare and examine in details) R; b+ l; O& u# j. Z% w
例如: process the movement of goods1 k2 o y% Q k, _2 [- q
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:2 [1 H% u4 U3 Y* |$ w$ r+ X
... through the various stages involved.
& ^% j0 Q2 Y1 n: N5 n 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action' T0 ^: N1 y6 V
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
2 c; i& n3 T/ _$ @- x' R (1) 使...陷入,拖累2 p0 p& S& T9 U5 o) J( j: @# w( N
(2) 包围,笼罩
& e/ L7 m: t0 Z3 h (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
' ^! A& g0 K1 U' H8 l0 x# T/ j7. 句子: 6 Z) R% T* c+ I& O' p; n& C, S
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through ) E5 G7 O3 [" Y) ^0 V
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:5 k0 g0 r; y0 D* C+ J) U
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
" }+ ~% P A) f4 |) } 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人. R& N$ {$ J, V' X% x) U
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思9 \& U+ S% V* U
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的. @+ _! [% Z9 t; h
submarine (潜水艇)
2 [1 W) F( J+ ]- K) C0 e- @( y6 o0 g subway(地铁)% I( q% M* m+ \4 _9 r G2 T1 x! F4 F$ d
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
; i6 S4 [8 [" M! y( X subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
/ a: ? l; L& i1 G, O7 X4 Y3 l 给第三者而签订的合同)# ~2 l/ K7 _5 n# k% `
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者! }0 m; M; l' j
subagent 副代理人
- g2 L: d5 x% B( q& K6 ? subcontinent 次大陆 * n. r1 ?1 q+ o* I
subsonic 亚音速
2 `" R( I+ a# j" j- O5 t0 f5 A subroutine 子程序 ! e; a1 f9 v; s! c! q$ M
7.2 关于这个 through :/ S$ q6 ^) T3 D, m
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.3 w6 J: a. V' u) `' g, m
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
1 y' n4 \# }: @ q1 m "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)1 ~2 I0 R: f# S* O* P+ P P. n
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.' ^# C& C) M1 _8 C C- x
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, & g% P! j- z9 O9 M% Z, K1 o
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
0 r; _' s" }5 d+ S through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)3 O9 P( `4 G% `, T3 O% a
8. 句子:
! ]4 V* R' U9 }) W He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
* Y, d4 U% y+ Y* s/ L7 t overseas agents. 在句子中:( p2 @+ D0 u- p
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
' |; Q$ @, M1 H1 t1 W 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
! P) b7 u A: ?* ~5 |' r1 f; } p9 G 其形容词: utilizable
- G8 K9 s6 F1 @* \7 A& Y9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:/ }+ [: \! b8 {( ~+ @5 c
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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