Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
7 T D% I$ E% [! ?- @ Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and* V7 o6 @' _& c2 n7 W# [" }
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 8 h: V& T4 d: m. g. \
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various& w- M7 K2 I) @, I; L
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or * Y1 W. C/ b5 j3 k6 Z
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 0 v0 A8 w2 ^5 q( N0 o/ o5 N
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
1 r0 U1 _, w( `+ z4 C2 Qthese services are:9 e. V5 u6 ~: e! \
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
- J3 |! h9 T9 E8 s* v% @6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
/ x" V. f, `# K( W2 \' R Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … 8 c0 B6 Q- D4 s3 a7 K1 Y
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …) y' ^$ V5 ~5 `) V
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
8 a7 v8 ~& z- p* M 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
; U! P2 N4 O( C2 ` 6.1.2 attend : N' R% C* g: P! W7 Q, J
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting ) L/ o1 L7 d6 |! X0 @- C- _
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
( y2 N& u# s3 x2 s 例如: attend to one’s work
9 d0 z: N2 y- }) W# a0 s (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
0 R( u% j" t/ u( t' m (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
" g5 c- \! ~/ j. x- `% p 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
6 A( I. A4 A5 H. e$ Q (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
% P- p3 Z1 T# [8 t+ y procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
! s4 {6 |% J7 g9 W) ?- Q# |' a procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
% k+ m) m0 c( X (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)" u9 f" o% _0 S4 D! z/ s
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
) Z9 S+ [7 c. z! S+ O+ I) t# ~ documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
( I9 t/ Z" R3 p 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票), G( j! V3 t' u& E6 l3 {
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 7 \ Y4 l# b4 _* k* Z2 B& x
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
8 m1 F& z) L H$ g( [2 U the customs formalities (海关手续)
3 d: Z+ l- J4 k go through due formalities (经过正式手续)% ^2 y$ W' v$ j* n# ?5 `1 M9 }
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:6 L0 A. x; J) d& d6 S
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
' [% A7 Y) \4 A, ~: W8 { 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
2 c' ^8 M& @9 ` 繁杂手续的话…: I4 {- |: \7 k+ ~' e, x+ [
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: j8 L8 z$ w- q: } S
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
% B$ B6 r5 F' S3 _' s& E3 ~7 S1 B of goods..., x @ R& Y3 F; j
) t" g' ^/ R& t$ V4 e8 j0 x 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
. @% d+ _; W5 I ~ 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调- G3 c9 ~" k- m% M- {' J$ ~
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
# H9 g. N1 Z/ E& M3 J/ w9 @ 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ; l) c8 B6 S8 _' m( }$ \% X. D3 v
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:; ?1 T1 {8 l4 R( s' E7 r: N/ v
(1) process 名词. " z! s; w1 L! k; u7 I( h
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken( h1 Y* W5 Y0 W- s
例如: distribution process3 ~1 ]/ V& B& q& Z3 p
(2) process 动词. o% E8 t( u' l: p+ h
process = to prepare and examine in details
: g8 N# ~3 \2 y9 R+ e( l7 l5 N 例如: process the movement of goods; L9 D# ]3 L: L5 J
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
" n0 {+ Z: }5 v6 }% f ... through the various stages involved.
% C: G0 F" U- d# S/ V: s' x" U" q, T 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action' n3 I( {1 N! x m+ X2 C
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:* @1 y; W! B1 `% r, u! N
(1) 使...陷入,拖累& f% f0 Z0 f9 }
(2) 包围,笼罩, j; e- ?% D9 @3 |
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思7 v0 V! ~% ~: J: R8 S* i
7. 句子:
; Q3 h, [) D$ H' E9 o The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through + d0 M0 ]! z8 J5 u* q
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
4 x- R G/ S6 {' `0 G5 _; ` 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
- {9 ]" v$ f% | V1 q2 B" \ 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.& H$ d" V" p; q0 I
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思8 A+ z' e) ^* L3 m1 K
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
1 @' d& `" z" W$ i6 K- J submarine (潜水艇)9 ^2 T$ @# ~& Q- U
subway(地铁)
$ s3 [5 Z& X/ Z) h) r# V7 v 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
8 c3 t2 `* o; ~ Y1 ] R+ ] subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
7 J, F1 h/ b" d! l t! C. h 给第三者而签订的合同)
: ^% Z2 B% v9 A- e! _ j6 Y8 g subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者# A; R6 K* G* o7 @$ Q: R
subagent 副代理人
5 b5 S2 U# h: B7 Y subcontinent 次大陆
( q5 V" _, z! ~7 T. [/ Z subsonic 亚音速
4 |4 Z/ S; v! c) X- y& ]. b subroutine 子程序
1 G0 v* W! E7 d/ G 7.2 关于这个 through :* V- y+ K, ~5 t5 A8 R ?- N
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.# {* w( I) }6 W( w% q( f
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
- x! {) g! m9 U7 \. T "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
9 T- m/ A! V( o6 V: `4 G$ A 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.6 o0 ~& s( [5 ~" n$ |
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, - l% i6 F0 W! `
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
* o2 p2 h+ _4 c1 {! n through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)! E) B8 b- H( }2 }& p
8. 句子:
2 M+ q( d: _- P9 { He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his / w* h. T) I- x% q7 \; K e8 h1 Q& \
overseas agents. 在句子中:
: _4 A2 V1 F4 s, ?: m, ? 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
+ O) o C1 d; k- L. p! x4 l 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
% ]; x W5 C+ T) p 其形容词: utilizable
& s( O& a: U1 e9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
, L) ~0 d7 |2 W9 a$ H briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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