Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
: H* {9 j0 O' [- U/ P Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
# A/ r7 E# p, T6 P; sdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
! j- t( ~: w' h/ \7 C8 G" pundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various5 b/ a g A4 }& [9 d ]7 h! ^( G
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
$ c8 E* C! v! }) _- i8 m( @9 |7 hthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
U; L, f! r( J+ ~3 @' h- nto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
" z. o" P6 ~' v9 I2 Mthese services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.4 r& J1 R4 G1 b m, b
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: ' ]7 S5 o0 u0 S1 Z$ k
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
* p* ~' e% \5 D5 K6 x; ]# \ = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
; K8 X, ]. P# Y4 m! K: q 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
( w* A& p; Y% A 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”! M( O% `- [' \" S+ e: E' M7 F
6.1.2 attend . U% y$ B; \) m6 J8 q: E) H9 X
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
' Z4 s3 |* T3 } `) f (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
5 K; A+ A% L) H+ m% B 例如: attend to one’s work : p5 }6 d0 V. ?$ k- e" g, G# ]
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
5 `& V# ]' _2 d7 _ ?3 t (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to8 I% n" j" `6 [0 G" Q9 z4 G4 C
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities& J5 a0 z; @+ w ^1 C+ Q
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)5 \( _/ ~' A& t) u9 \2 C
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
4 ^- o! v/ k# ]1 o% \ procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
' o6 g& e! M \6 o0 \1 e (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
8 s: e0 S7 v r, ~3 n5 h2 n documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
4 Q2 t. Z, c3 w3 O0 i7 R& ]0 C documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
/ `. U3 \3 x" {' A6 M 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)8 ]; T' d% @$ L; {7 S2 d# Z0 ~
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
: G. J/ z+ m8 x% @ (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
6 A' G8 F$ b$ h3 a the customs formalities (海关手续)$ v' U0 N1 \9 o- B, Y$ @ d# w8 f
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)+ J v [4 Q' r$ N1 b7 A& `
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:& L6 a" d# q" _8 w D6 U. W
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. % Y& C4 Q+ V) ]
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
, h. g8 t, a! d4 w' z 繁杂手续的话…
8 ?' f* x4 i+ ?' @5 j) v6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 8 C) |) `6 M; l* ~1 N7 _
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
% y) ^/ n9 t( Z2 B. j: d6 a, { 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调/ l( Z* J+ n# \- r3 ]
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
! A: r* V' s, D6 G, c$ t* w 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
+ V# B4 G9 ^9 z8 T# C 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:7 m$ P- [2 l# x' u, m/ J8 s3 E+ [1 R
(1) process 名词.
9 K% q$ E7 i( | process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
/ ?4 v3 I7 x4 [" L) G8 q- t" [ 例如: distribution process
+ A5 {( s% p1 }! ^ (2) process 动词.
. r& F8 _, [2 ^& n; e( z process = to prepare and examine in details* @( d' p# R/ |/ V
例如: process the movement of goods9 U; a* C& {9 {4 k5 N6 u7 w
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:3 G! b, C( C/ }
... through the various stages involved. n. d. ^, [( n8 I, U
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action( y0 Z2 P( _4 f
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:1 y3 q% i: d) ?5 w
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
5 ~& T& x: _% U6 u$ t6 }! @2 l (2) 包围,笼罩
0 o$ v5 i6 v8 r9 N8 K/ h6 J (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思/ F, g+ @/ P# m' C' W) W B3 t* j
7. 句子:
5 H8 R. i; p3 \, U; r The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through , a" L3 p- ^. Z' m. l+ ~/ m% b& i
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
' T! I u) E- _# s* h1 K 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:" t8 }7 |# {7 A, S/ f) A+ Y. E5 A7 B
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.0 p1 W0 |! H$ F0 o
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
# d% A% @" j- W0 O: Z1 V& a 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的" k" q7 O! J4 d
submarine (潜水艇)
6 A1 y5 E# p- T subway(地铁)+ Y1 o& {+ g2 v' D1 i2 ]
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
. A0 C, ]/ X6 W, r subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
/ l |) l3 E! Z- i$ X( Q# G: v$ ] 给第三者而签订的合同): M* f2 _. o& Z
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
* [( y1 q! d$ h4 H$ B, s: t1 s+ Z6 Z% I subagent 副代理人& W# n7 v: o. R4 ~% C% p1 [
subcontinent 次大陆
, u* [4 {: g6 }' l0 w5 w# J subsonic 亚音速
& m4 h3 V! x. p2 d$ V7 R; L9 P subroutine 子程序 * J( }# r4 ]4 r$ x( Q; b6 r
7.2 关于这个 through :- L: y j5 w0 \/ H: _
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
3 M. k8 A0 J8 T4 a6 d5 ? 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
/ c( z) M% G+ v; R& s "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)3 M9 ^/ s4 D$ M) ?# Z5 n
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
F* |( \* ~ z! v7 n% s 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, + y: o8 {" m8 G, q* F2 S9 \! J% G
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
7 Z& \& G& H- v through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)# p$ Z; e! ~$ t! Z" Q
8. 句子: * r+ F; M- t6 j: b+ v0 a
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his 7 |' y& e% n+ Q" W1 v$ ^, A
overseas agents. 在句子中:
* t9 b1 @, A& K* W$ K 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词/ n+ V. q4 }; y6 n
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)( j8 z' I4 i0 ~7 N# l" I2 _
其形容词: utilizable
! P0 z5 X- a! r4 o9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:) t! w. i! w# j" v' y
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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