Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
* O! W& ^; ]8 X Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and5 d& L! H9 K$ y x
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 4 K( e$ I9 T! P9 v4 s1 A$ r4 y3 v
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
5 B4 U, `# Z9 L; k# N ustages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or $ `# w U5 M- r1 I( [- t. P
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
& K4 O2 D& Y7 ~2 }to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 7 W* X& ^" r" Z) t
these services are:
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& A7 u# J* q, x6 D( a课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
: x5 G2 {( f8 N$ \3 K+ @6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
! }& `& x6 ^9 W/ ] g Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
3 n7 k- M4 L& Y = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
/ ^3 ]6 r9 G0 M3 F' W 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. ( L+ a) x+ T( C1 N% e" X
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
( b7 P) z, U( ~1 _- N) ?5 q 6.1.2 attend
+ C5 Z; Z$ D B$ w$ \ \+ M( M (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
, q: J" K3 c v/ q# \ (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
: V- }, l7 U3 E/ f$ t9 p( N3 U- ] 例如: attend to one’s work * U) H1 }5 s$ O# E8 K9 q
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
1 X2 l8 [4 X* @6 U5 W7 y$ D, R (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
# y; x* U% L5 a$ M. v3 v4 V 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities9 W' g' l+ q" Y% d. n& f
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
3 D4 u4 w( Y/ U i0 z6 x) @& j procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
1 _) W3 P) n0 ]; n- H/ O procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” ; E M a' u3 H: f& e+ x# z" a, e
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
$ U- ]8 h2 V n* B% X documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
( C/ |0 c2 I7 D& I. {# L5 t' | documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
. c' B- U! S. L! l# u9 g 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
% d I: T1 g8 t% Z$ d; B3 e; V document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 3 A7 n* h7 p, ~0 O' X8 [7 T+ |3 u2 i
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)$ a9 p5 Z* h" ]6 j' @) l' A9 v
the customs formalities (海关手续)
( c/ @& o: y, Q9 [! f go through due formalities (经过正式手续)" R$ t: y/ B& t
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:7 Q; F# c) s2 r9 M
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. ( C* i+ z% V. d, L9 @4 h
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些. Q8 v/ x/ w4 q4 D: Y& M7 i# O
繁杂手续的话…! w3 T! x t. S9 z/ x( V
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
- `* h, Q. h. D ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement ! N- {& c. |0 L% T. g9 U
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构) A; m' y& ~7 z( U0 L
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调4 Z# N4 a9 h8 G/ L; s
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
6 A! F0 T/ _ R 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ) } n5 @! L2 s4 p. n
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:1 ?9 @# `6 y3 f4 ^* N
(1) process 名词.
3 Y7 h# [: a1 t2 s6 | process = series of operations deliberately unertaken* w9 O* M; |- u6 K! I6 u. Y
例如: distribution process- C" B# J) h8 U
(2) process 动词.9 I2 V3 b( s, S2 Z
process = to prepare and examine in details' H, V$ I* i( Q5 e) Q* w, ^
例如: process the movement of goods
p9 `, `! F+ [1 r) Y6 U句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
* q: J! G/ v; v+ B# Z- p/ E ... through the various stages involved. & `; b) |7 D2 |
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action7 i3 r. M, [3 a5 @; ~3 i
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
6 E& B) i0 a. _/ T2 M$ ? (1) 使...陷入,拖累
' J$ Q' U: O) ^ (2) 包围,笼罩
6 x/ n8 L( K0 w (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思: v0 K+ I1 H3 N3 ]6 o' U5 y
7. 句子: : w; V4 p( n- Q6 Y% b
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through ! T+ I1 d: h+ u! e; [; _) J; q
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:: u5 K- N- K3 ?, U# _! q
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
) ~! U1 N v2 p' w2 A m 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
- D3 z& F; a# y* o4 \1 G 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思* D9 r" V* P* Q) G8 b+ Q6 Z1 ^
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的6 n$ \% t) ~6 d9 s: V' R
submarine (潜水艇)
8 y! T R X+ V. \- ] subway(地铁)& R3 O' J H; n0 A# y/ P
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
+ L# ~/ n x9 p, I4 l& S subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
" f" a) ^; U. R: A' R 给第三者而签订的合同)
& a1 Q7 l) O9 k- W- b subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者% a0 @0 b* |2 N9 T5 y- |
subagent 副代理人
4 d, |/ S+ P( r5 ~ subcontinent 次大陆 5 |0 I c5 v. {
subsonic 亚音速/ H/ ^. b" O, g: _$ }3 }; ?4 |
subroutine 子程序 2 d+ w' w/ O' J* m# W; G& b% u5 T
7.2 关于这个 through :
9 ~7 y) \+ W0 b2 c& s& k 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.5 I; q, ` ? T+ I7 a# G" m, k
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
9 _9 ~4 I; y, @9 K/ Q "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)- P" S: y3 z0 g* n
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.; Y! i5 ]/ Y' o: J$ y% x- D$ |
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, / i+ Q, v, ]% g0 W
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段), G3 I ^ {' W( e6 B1 y, l% K4 N
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
6 i0 u6 Q& q2 X9 H' e8. 句子:
6 A2 e8 O# O$ {; K4 | He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
9 p- H, U0 i; m8 J/ I6 \ overseas agents. 在句子中:
$ C9 H- t. p' q1 z: A0 q 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
* X3 t h% h. {! V/ c 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)- i A2 u0 ~, W: G9 D
其形容词: utilizable
: D; V: N, ~" x( C! M8 H9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:- o8 z% [& ^) _5 t* o
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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