Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services! J6 x7 O* H3 w6 C! O2 W; T3 J4 L4 W3 ]
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
" f: ?/ s" g& f) P8 Edocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who & ?+ U0 Q9 @. q+ G. N
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various0 A/ G' M) d. h4 R2 }
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or , z0 F( D; O D! J6 N! y6 C; }
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
3 ]0 D: A: [5 K1 { h+ Yto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, , v; |) {! k9 ^" k& I$ i2 Z6 P1 w' V1 z
these services are:$ u) ^7 z( @4 a
1 l% u/ }! K5 @% V2 T0 l1 b课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
! q7 q X3 V: @# s' m9 ]: L0 v6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: , }. l, ` ?. u/ Y7 D/ z- X- ]
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … . n! F/ T( ?. l1 A0 P
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …6 T* m# D! K% N- |& }% \
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
! G/ y% d4 B9 J6 N; {& D; q, T 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
3 F- }5 j! ~) M1 ~& j9 ~ 6.1.2 attend " d; Y$ @ f/ b! u7 D H$ J
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
! l3 v( l4 L& i( H (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 1 r6 I3 V' X+ O4 n/ L) I. d- A8 b( y# w8 L
例如: attend to one’s work
4 ^5 h% p( O8 I$ j. x (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
`& t9 S# F, d; v) ^ (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
& K- N5 t$ T" F1 P( u O 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities! j( t) n0 o$ \" \$ v
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)3 \- A/ c; G9 f
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” : I! E; z' J; c7 a0 |9 Z
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” ' m" n/ `) R+ ], u* y& k0 P
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
, R4 x+ |: B# V3 J h' [ documentary 形容词, “单证上的” & \) m0 T4 q" C: W% G1 l5 m8 ^
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, % ^% v( X# d2 Q/ m5 L
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
" i: m7 x+ d8 T2 T0 n/ y document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
, H6 f$ a* V& w, M' S' @ (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
& j/ o+ n* d- d. t, x the customs formalities (海关手续)
. q. o( v, S5 s7 ?2 L$ F go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
( p# [# e1 F9 B1 ~3 o7 e5 h" D5 X句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
" _- _( n6 k& ] 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
2 Y+ ]2 ? V2 ^/ W& l3 A$ K H 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
' H' D. Z ~$ l: l, b' j1 A6 V 繁杂手续的话…
) p* Y! A3 [( Z5 q0 L5 ^* D( A, g6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
5 T6 J- }& x4 ^ ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement ! ~* ^8 K) i9 {5 X- w# k' u
of goods...
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. L4 d0 |4 ]4 K6 l 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构& a Q. B7 i4 C/ m4 N3 m* j- D
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调: C1 f. e. ^9 u0 }9 G# D |9 ^
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”, Q# F8 ?! F2 d" A' J
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 6 G. x" f* y6 o% V1 C: q
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:2 f: g6 s% g' e7 q/ p
(1) process 名词. - D4 w1 G5 K2 g) V, h1 x# j/ O( z
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken$ h# A l6 Q+ D: Y0 s
例如: distribution process1 c ~. G! U9 [
(2) process 动词.
6 I! D* u% G$ M" S+ E7 e. C7 L process = to prepare and examine in details% e" N" i" j. U, J% v+ p$ ^
例如: process the movement of goods
( X1 Z2 B! ]' R/ v9 @6 B* {句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
! ?% `2 H* T# L9 h ... through the various stages involved.
0 c; [# ? t3 ]4 r4 R: c 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action% u. Y/ Q3 G1 X3 c. N) F0 P' e! U# o7 v
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:) [" l+ |6 J& G* d u6 z' ^
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
* d8 Z7 B) ^+ y (2) 包围,笼罩
. w5 F5 L$ N1 m: T8 z' y7 F (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
' _$ H" S& s5 B# r$ g1 q6 o7. 句子:
: r! n/ _/ r+ b5 j7 E5 ~. I. C The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
$ x8 O) Q2 A2 T! o' { L+ p subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:9 d! l% |) D% Q# w5 f) U6 U
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:: M( i" j; t$ J# O& m% N0 v, h
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
, E6 i! t# ?) H# a 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
1 Q* _5 _: [: X; U# x 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
6 f% a1 h& T& ^4 v submarine (潜水艇)
2 i: A5 R/ w1 [ subway(地铁)
' I* `! Z' U5 I# @5 C& c 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
8 \& ?+ Z! u5 l subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包& t2 Q8 Q' P% v1 W" U
给第三者而签订的合同), S' H; g: p8 i- b* b" M; b' S
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者. H, V+ l" H5 A- S, v( x n. V7 P
subagent 副代理人3 ~1 }/ s9 c; Z& O1 C0 j
subcontinent 次大陆
) r" _0 A- K& w- h: C1 [7 e* Z subsonic 亚音速8 d% \: z! A- W6 ^ |; M6 x9 P1 Q
subroutine 子程序
: s2 ~6 ?& n* p# C- q6 z 7.2 关于这个 through :% V" ` Y7 a+ Y: [$ @$ b
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.- ]$ T& O; R# K1 I& X+ m
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 3 O" X- I: k8 `1 i0 o5 v) _; N' Q$ t
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
- g. Q3 t1 ]# N+ d 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
: i1 t g6 b# D6 N( R 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
. k2 S$ y/ `) L: K* s2 K: S2 s) g through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
, E; a: Q: W2 x7 ~4 r6 q7 l through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
4 @# d4 X! w$ T8. 句子:
) A8 f* H9 r9 }! x7 h He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
2 c! P$ d7 @5 s+ ]. J$ n overseas agents. 在句子中:# W2 {) `" S2 u. c* B) G# c: g
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词 a+ f% S- G) z- X' }
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
; [$ Z# i. u6 G: E 其形容词: utilizable 9 Y+ S, _; ^ R8 v/ |" {
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
0 v2 k: _2 z" { j% G8 i$ \ V. |, Z% L briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思4 U8 S) N' U: O6 i c
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