Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services, R) y4 q+ a( e
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
" {; I! t3 I8 q' Y( \' M+ O+ A& pdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who ! u, T* e5 g& f! Y# ?, s/ d$ p
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various0 {" i. B( l' w) c% a% i4 A* ~" v; Q t
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
* M9 M4 c4 G+ R2 a2 t6 A$ k2 D$ dthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 2 ?9 i5 x) y5 {! C
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, ( A) \7 _) Y+ V4 D: U
these services are:
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& n6 Y( J$ Q; [# X课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
/ ?) v+ G' ~6 m6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: " @3 |5 d4 n" i- T* p+ F
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
- u0 D3 |, g/ N = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
5 m' @8 a( N" `4 a 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
6 F4 I4 L3 q& H+ p; H6 g 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
* S! }! s/ f$ ` 6.1.2 attend ( C* t% x1 ^/ B& p7 W
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting # }8 q z# U' S0 P9 u
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” ' U% I- P* y4 m6 v4 ^% p
例如: attend to one’s work
; l0 c4 s2 n1 u( s4 d (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to$ G8 h' K) i7 {
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
" ` j" d7 f2 g: V1 Q7 l9 I& ] 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
7 d4 t7 ?7 U. y" J (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
, ~/ [1 Q1 J) \0 V% A procedural 形容词, “程序上的” ( E, y6 f5 e, i9 [- Q/ h: {
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
2 K6 T) Q2 ?9 Y* K0 }3 z (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
! E3 b) d2 j( j5 a% j4 U3 a% m* C documentary 形容词, “单证上的” C5 e$ Y3 l7 ?5 B- j( I# U9 E# v
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
; |" H7 }9 g* x" Q4 g7 j2 s) c 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
& a+ o$ E; l, B& a1 W document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
# V# S4 Z, L c6 q: Y/ P2 s$ B (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)' m) E1 I( n( e! y
the customs formalities (海关手续)6 s" i7 o# v9 `, k
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)$ H# U6 |6 l4 i. I, c( Z8 G
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:; l0 a8 [( f! }) [1 x
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 3 l7 m( w! g6 F t, N$ R
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
7 u1 `7 D/ [0 e8 b 繁杂手续的话… Y' @% C/ x' L: g$ `% f0 d
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: & I/ t1 O3 y2 ?0 Y( j
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement M0 `( w% y) o8 e. N) H6 w% r
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构 h$ c" b' }2 n- ^; [% j
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调9 C2 L# R7 e, c5 U. ^7 E
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”. M5 ^) t& O" o9 s( ?
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ! l( E3 v1 v ?: S0 K
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:( N. g4 b' ^3 o/ C- i* k; O! L! U
(1) process 名词.
2 w! C" D: [8 y8 U. r process = series of operations deliberately unertaken- Q. Q7 P- P9 J" T! ~9 R/ p
例如: distribution process
8 m( A0 F* E$ V4 [ (2) process 动词.
. Q6 ~4 X* t0 r, t5 s process = to prepare and examine in details* W% R- C4 A5 h* g! w
例如: process the movement of goods
# N7 R' r3 Y" @0 R: [, g0 M# {句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
0 U0 L" s/ e0 m% B8 p! B ... through the various stages involved.
) U- I% q" G, C# ]; { 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action4 K8 y1 _& J" c0 i1 J4 S2 {
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
4 g1 S6 j) f! p) M) [" ]: A (1) 使...陷入,拖累
3 i/ e1 p! y% _( ^. i (2) 包围,笼罩5 X1 A; R% P6 o# A# V8 |, V
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思& g4 t7 p& s' S) z. R/ E& y; ^8 p
7. 句子:
9 v G6 {. U( v& n The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
5 g( ?4 {& W0 R2 I! g( g2 o* ?$ | subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:; c3 ?8 Y5 I( w0 N2 C& }
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:" s; v. e. [- z) w+ D! S: G2 |
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.3 `7 b5 H* v2 ^8 O r
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
6 h5 Y6 ~5 C5 ?% u$ e) g 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
3 X, y% ?! |6 h: X4 P: f submarine (潜水艇)
/ z' y6 v7 k/ x% H6 W/ C9 R& U" s subway(地铁)
+ O2 g8 n; O) Q 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的2 T9 z7 b4 Z' u8 |- h
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包1 F: W& ?( [6 B. g+ \1 V5 L1 b3 z
给第三者而签订的合同); o& U6 V, k* T' M" A6 s
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
0 {) v1 X' y; _9 J7 a' L subagent 副代理人
" ?5 b v O% X: |5 W' @ subcontinent 次大陆
# q, J" t/ D/ w3 w1 C! E0 v subsonic 亚音速! q8 q0 y) G! `$ ^9 |0 T4 @
subroutine 子程序 ! t8 `3 ^) Q* o* ~; K+ ~
7.2 关于这个 through :
* m/ R2 A( K4 o* p3 N* U) w$ i( P 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.' S- c W5 u, b, @2 g
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
; v2 Y3 i2 s5 K4 v$ Q9 a "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)3 ~- P X) V8 ~
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
) E+ y( |. n" ~3 w4 M; e 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
2 c$ ]* C3 l2 L$ o; I through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
. W' _ ~2 I# v through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
. D! k) w' t) {2 J8. 句子: ) a) D3 V4 M7 U( ?6 r
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
% H( i& T% }2 ?3 C2 G9 s7 } overseas agents. 在句子中:
: d4 o; \" E0 c/ Q. Z; j9 b 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词7 ~* o0 B! g% ^1 e9 R+ |1 W0 b
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)$ V9 ~+ k- x) }$ v. `
其形容词: utilizable
/ N7 }6 N4 }) V: C9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
+ d/ u \$ D( j3 k briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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