Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services$ ]0 k. X9 X& k/ D+ j! m% ~7 v
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
! m4 V2 e/ G% D# o! ?! G! kdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who % b& K% b: C {; Z T
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various& G8 `7 w6 L. D" G) d
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 3 V; v1 K% m! s9 x4 \& {+ W
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 2 b: Z0 d3 u+ E/ N! D6 G3 a) E
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
+ Z4 F% n4 V' c% @these services are:
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, U. r, H: ?; U0 f$ L! C9 ]课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
; M% n6 k2 {. C: o( X6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
. ^0 H' g, ?" ]. T4 P Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
4 W3 c+ V, ~! i( p* O = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
- Y- I1 z4 `. c0 R { 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. - D6 T! R) E+ K% r
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”2 o' m$ w: O7 L; |. o; N
6.1.2 attend
; v: [, f* s" d( _; @9 x (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting $ |% ]$ M" i' y% @3 h; l3 ^
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
. B2 t# {1 y# q 例如: attend to one’s work : g0 X, p/ H; _9 \* D
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to! e1 \, C7 R! Z, D
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to& r* D. d* h' ^5 T- N5 `5 \
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
5 q; T: g% S/ S. l1 c/ S (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
8 ?( ]; |! L9 ?9 A" F# y$ K i procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
' e6 `; T1 t. w1 v) Y& T procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” v% F8 X2 s& F( r0 i8 z" N
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
- ~6 R) q' s e8 a* X) ?/ i: j6 B documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
9 u. ]$ z T/ j6 S' [& b/ g! ] documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, - z! M" t. ~7 t/ |2 n9 Y
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)/ [& f, l* T( h
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
( o6 I% T/ |# x9 x" d- Z (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)6 M- f/ M, X. M( G( C
the customs formalities (海关手续)/ J( l1 l- U8 x# ]8 { {
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)5 b, H& V' [- I4 w
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:' L. k# Q& h, h; s$ T
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
$ O# U* Z0 F& C: L# r$ N 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些3 i7 Q' _8 [5 [% E
繁杂手续的话…7 ` F& C9 c% _. c H" d
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: : |: E2 {" H$ n) T) C, X7 w+ f
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement # K$ \$ @( Y0 \0 `8 V* @9 s8 Q
of goods...
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- A! F u: h$ y$ f, J 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构+ ]& P) W/ `; Z7 b$ g; Y2 _
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
, V( c8 s5 i6 l6 {# e* d$ N6 Y the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”$ s! t; `& w- F$ u
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ) X* _) t* A8 H* B. x A8 G' T
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:6 P6 j4 M* u6 n- k* D, ^
(1) process 名词.
, Q. k0 [& h2 A6 `' `. C process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
3 V. d ~- U& P+ h. o 例如: distribution process3 i* |+ @. V8 R, Q: y
(2) process 动词.! I" z% `, m& }( n, ^& `
process = to prepare and examine in details
+ H8 z ~( Y5 C1 A+ L 例如: process the movement of goods5 B( R7 Q- L+ s: i2 n2 G
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:7 j$ h x: @) ~5 j- i: a- [7 D: F) ?
... through the various stages involved. " d O& g9 I% v4 h7 e i0 A0 A
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
" \, q8 x+ E5 C# M1 L/ Y 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
& v( s1 o/ ?6 P. L7 f1 T# I- ^! Y (1) 使...陷入,拖累% H% V5 J" o. _3 }7 j
(2) 包围,笼罩
3 ~: z3 h3 f0 ]. F/ [1 P0 M6 A4 E1 i (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
+ u! K; L3 y1 \8 R0 k# ]0 F7. 句子: ! w. L3 B$ h4 ?
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 7 v& n6 u( |8 F5 w# ^; u
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:" D% B4 G- W9 {/ e! }7 |) H3 y
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
6 ?( K: Y: k1 J 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.: _' x* f8 m4 c' F1 c Z u, x. z
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思% V( M8 d; V2 j8 V9 B
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的( H/ q7 A8 X) w2 `" O: a7 x
submarine (潜水艇)7 g0 U1 A* [5 R1 r$ J0 V, t
subway(地铁)) K, S6 R. \ K" T' P
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的. J+ G" ^& \# ]' {( b* r7 l' m
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包" Q- \5 |! ^. z( G7 U& ? ?& n* [
给第三者而签订的合同)
3 ] J$ ]7 V; Z( A! E subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者0 w1 }2 x1 F, t0 a8 \
subagent 副代理人
( i( o! i1 M, K( F# G/ f" f subcontinent 次大陆 9 ]" N1 O) }4 W2 q! y B
subsonic 亚音速3 X* x, E& E1 q% R. L _
subroutine 子程序 8 k, \* o; i. U4 U
7.2 关于这个 through :6 a; }' I2 {; w0 h% `, Y% f4 I
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.1 }6 F4 i) a' H
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
% h, V0 x" V5 o! a$ {+ m "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
, ^' K4 ^6 J, h3 X# |' I 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.$ Q, |, I( L d7 J6 Z+ H, F; s! x& ]
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, C) {7 L9 Q& G7 l* f5 Q
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)+ L+ X- T1 ~/ g. ]) ?! e2 u& m$ e- A
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由) r, Y8 y F; E8 p0 d# f, K! R
8. 句子: : X& e$ ?. _8 p7 |& w5 @- x
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
/ Z2 n( Z) x( D overseas agents. 在句子中:: F, \$ a' A5 v
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
' `/ w5 I4 f3 D 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
( w* i, B2 V% m3 \. c1 \9 N* L 其形容词: utilizable
: E2 S8 N5 ?' T; C* v9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
0 t1 n2 E$ b4 f# p$ f! w6 M2 K; ` briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思6 y2 Q5 }; U$ Y7 w
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