Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
0 c5 O/ U' d4 Y4 e Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
6 G, X7 ?! L. I5 D+ k5 ?* ydocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who * e8 @4 f j; W5 k ^
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
" h6 b% o$ n3 ?6 Y8 }- m) a" qstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or # Q. b5 _& X" p7 K) c
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
2 ?* U+ H8 M% G3 Jto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, * O! Z; Z. [) I3 A( g
these services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容./ h, [; t6 |" T- e7 [& c
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
9 k/ J3 M$ X7 ]6 V* F8 @9 L) l Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
# Q% \/ d7 {1 u% L, U = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …4 Q* e5 J: Z: u- X; x2 ]' d9 ?
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
: O# n, w- Y# j# s% R3 V 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
0 Q" K, |1 x& w, y+ d6 X8 I. y 6.1.2 attend
* _- `( _& u3 B7 x$ S (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting , B2 M) H6 J9 W: z. W
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 5 A0 W5 K: i2 h) n- x
例如: attend to one’s work + n' c! z4 E( [4 t, T' B2 Y
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
: x' N( h+ b3 x* B (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
; s+ b; ?. g v+ \, q& j 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities3 f9 x J( L, R( e( y8 h3 R% k* Q* c
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)4 P- U' p# E, S$ a, I0 C" e
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
: g/ \+ y9 N+ C3 p- o% J2 _ procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” ' j( [3 l# v0 F6 F+ V
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)+ E: N- a; K3 {, B% @* k
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” / A \, U$ \/ A: T
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
; d! o& a" ~! ^6 c. Q- L# u5 C4 _+ S 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
7 u! \# f; s( e: P. M document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
3 b) |; d! o' ]# \ (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
& e+ T% H) V5 f0 M$ z/ J. J# x the customs formalities (海关手续)4 g p8 q! Z! f! n9 X9 e6 a
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)6 W3 s1 f9 G! C
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:. G1 C0 ~* u! E* |
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 6 {6 K1 P* b, s- e: h6 U( H
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些) c, U+ ?+ @% s& \. e
繁杂手续的话…
3 L! E0 i9 P) ?6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
8 Z* U! ^; G" c( b4 P ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 3 t$ l& n& `5 [
of goods.... D* U, [ w3 P0 D, h+ A
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
/ @7 a) o# U" I( b 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
- \9 g$ j8 B* Z8 A$ A$ Z the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
. l% _- J. y# w1 D' N" ~ 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. & k! ]3 O: m4 Y; @, C0 v
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
. C6 N/ B3 U7 e. T7 f, Z4 W! n1 V* v (1) process 名词.
7 I4 o0 u: p' i' G2 u process = series of operations deliberately unertaken. N% a4 P5 B; }3 [6 g
例如: distribution process
& u" n0 D- W! j$ I! X (2) process 动词.
$ B0 R4 d b! q$ ]1 I1 N. e; z process = to prepare and examine in details
1 `" R& p) F% c+ M, P 例如: process the movement of goods
7 a0 Z9 b ]4 z( \句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
/ p# M' m) r' _' P7 A; H, L) | ... through the various stages involved.
& Y0 b8 \! a( J: {" j- n* W4 \ 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
9 R* i) K" m3 K3 [2 w, y 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:* p6 t7 G0 O1 X' _4 f2 f% ^
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
. ]8 t) J" D! r! y; N4 T, h (2) 包围,笼罩+ T2 u$ D- ~8 P, s" j r5 N
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思% i4 I/ ?( D2 H% N
7. 句子: , S9 U | K7 [& a
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through ' a. r: Y/ G7 y# p$ p" v
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:+ Z1 N! E$ \9 z& L; X# p
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
1 O/ [ |1 q+ O! _; S 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
( @; M7 y& D1 C/ ~( q) I" m7 {% Z& d 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
6 h* J9 }$ g5 x& r5 Y: o6 r 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的6 b+ Q1 f7 g& x: h+ m1 J
submarine (潜水艇)
# A* T+ {( [ J V subway(地铁)) ]( l2 @" K% j5 C# ~" J9 k! v- ^
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的' Y2 ~2 j+ [- }' s" s
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包1 o" L% p( y9 }: p6 L: \
给第三者而签订的合同)! s* M5 h# M/ i- B$ t. u2 p
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者/ q* o5 u- x- g( `1 W) ]$ I! v' W
subagent 副代理人' w' t, B" u! i) }; m& p9 ?
subcontinent 次大陆 & {& ]8 w! C6 l. L* Z5 Y
subsonic 亚音速9 f1 `+ o* e+ Q" y3 R! m' P
subroutine 子程序 0 ]& u4 n* ?' D
7.2 关于这个 through :
6 B6 H% H! h+ O: |+ @/ @ 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
* {* y) A- M9 ]: t8 `* m+ K 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of ) u( V8 t( ?- m
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
5 w$ n2 f' M1 z/ M 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
, z* m" z$ t7 w9 X0 k5 Z 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, ' Y* R& t+ d' m" ]
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)" E: P( p, B8 G3 g: {, w5 Q
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)& Z" i+ }0 R5 D8 v* d
8. 句子: 5 B/ i6 F- y w$ I3 `" L
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
4 p1 E" z& f4 d2 \" y overseas agents. 在句子中:
4 ~0 T( O! h; K 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
+ C8 B; A; j3 O 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
& y/ S+ ~% F$ |! ^1 W 其形容词: utilizable 1 p \8 S- m* Q/ Y1 o+ f: B
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:2 g$ D3 @' j: T. M7 S7 n
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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