Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
1 O7 t) t9 w6 A. V: T9 M7 }) Q" L! C Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
. m7 W% u) @% y, cdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who c& _3 G/ D* K8 N, ^
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various- y4 k, J4 r3 c" M1 A; `+ Z$ O6 j
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
6 Q/ A# Z8 T% i1 j0 nthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
, W6 X7 L- M, t9 Mto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, : }6 D3 X: x- I- t+ V
these services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
' D. j. O' E5 v: R, G3 K6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 4 d* x3 P" k- o2 s: F! f
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … , c5 Y X' D! L# U
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
! I9 C6 w8 t4 [* ~! S 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
7 y0 n' f8 }. V 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
3 ~8 G9 H+ b4 B) Z4 A: x) ] 6.1.2 attend
5 f* {5 D% D1 [' u: `( R, k (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting # X7 R( { [0 U6 i
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
( `5 ^' V7 i4 q6 X% S 例如: attend to one’s work 9 O% `/ n( [$ J( ?6 r4 @& w
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to6 o" c3 `* C0 C9 `4 N# i o! D v8 Z
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
- i- k0 x2 I! O- v$ m 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
% y- C5 P* I9 \# ?1 N% b, X (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)0 O+ M5 J ?/ S
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
4 Z0 ]# x. m6 v3 `5 K( W8 K procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
/ @ B& R2 u" l3 {' T" R9 r2 } (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)7 y2 c; U1 b p8 B' O# \
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” # y3 I& m4 F8 L8 U( C
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
" { s g( p) Q( b 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)6 u& h. A1 t' ]# O& c
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 2 r* U/ e7 \( }, G7 O
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)# @3 A- G6 D0 v- Z
the customs formalities (海关手续)2 Z* N$ N6 s4 ^' C/ Q# @
go through due formalities (经过正式手续). a) y8 Z( A9 P; o1 d6 g$ y
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:, `2 F& r2 w1 A$ w, [8 _' }( |! z
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
; \! z: ?0 A, J 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些) w: u/ _/ R3 B: \$ H2 |4 T& c# _9 r
繁杂手续的话…
1 r7 t5 c0 B" @. m _0 m# @6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
+ j# U G& T" `5 f) O ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement + X( `* [8 ~. X% O& x1 w
of goods.... v) b4 [0 A& x, Y; ?7 j7 q; a8 C
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
8 L3 c- `, @4 b; g 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调( l6 v; V+ A) B
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
9 b5 T) e# b8 }) v1 t* F$ C( M: H2 ~ 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
7 k% M% _2 c5 Q0 ? 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:' A7 N6 ~/ b4 b9 k. ]. z1 e3 o
(1) process 名词.
2 s: i% N6 ^$ h; ?* S process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
0 {+ `' } g) r8 }) H 例如: distribution process# L" x3 l6 z9 u" x/ `2 \, ]. X
(2) process 动词.
. ]* W1 s H. h+ i8 q9 x, | process = to prepare and examine in details
3 V0 e: I+ \" }/ \3 C* @ 例如: process the movement of goods" j: E2 L/ p5 o" h0 b
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
+ v2 M) w2 T! l. ^+ r+ V ... through the various stages involved.
* N0 e. ~* ~, `: Z+ } 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
0 v& r, {' x5 l% ?3 R 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
( [* d- M) P* Y& k! {/ U! S (1) 使...陷入,拖累- Q( J6 E3 f% L
(2) 包围,笼罩
$ ~& u* b7 M" G# j0 C2 j- Y( D (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
" Q9 b( w- ?' _: h' a, I4 t7. 句子: # {4 M4 P$ r+ k4 X4 O6 l5 \. L( [7 \
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
a5 u9 l: `& k4 g1 I subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
r* k# s0 i/ ~) h1 U 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:& f! r* w% O- p# Y
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
4 Z }" W: j$ }$ r/ Q1 X( n, |- Y 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
; Y$ E. ?/ v7 S/ E" ?! U) J* ~ 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的+ U: ?, K- j' u4 E
submarine (潜水艇)
9 s. C8 b/ F+ w0 B% E3 g" @" q subway(地铁)
. c+ P9 z- \) k 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的% X- j( q$ r& h8 O D Q# X9 r
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包$ h9 B! R6 b M' Z, u) o
给第三者而签订的合同); Z2 w# l' C+ a) ?$ H# K0 ]# y( ^
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者* L. h) |9 H( W7 |* \
subagent 副代理人! t+ r* L2 |3 r# f7 Z( c( b
subcontinent 次大陆
2 P& l; C; o6 H7 W subsonic 亚音速
; Q, F8 U2 t8 F+ G: i/ B6 z( k! H subroutine 子程序 ( B D2 Z# }8 \8 g/ _! F5 c
7.2 关于这个 through :2 U) A$ R/ P: K% Z
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.+ W) }, b, j2 p
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 7 R' t# b3 `# l) x* [- k
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)8 C I' u1 C! E! \: \- P! b
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
" A; i# W E) L9 K 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, + I$ @. o9 q _. {+ |9 v! h
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
F) T7 m1 [/ u, {3 m1 T through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
) m2 S3 l8 w) _7 B: N0 M+ D/ B8. 句子:
- a$ H- v% g* L He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
4 P" \6 z7 |( o6 h4 H: t" ^ overseas agents. 在句子中:. f C( Q# `3 d+ P: e6 H/ d
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
9 i. d% x" _" P5 q 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)8 U/ q9 S$ c' l# s
其形容词: utilizable 7 A& I) v4 N7 X9 V5 m) I
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
5 D* I9 @" k7 F$ o% m% S briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思! t: `- y! u7 @' k0 `1 C4 I0 s$ s
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