Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services9 z- h1 ~, c) I& x
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and, ]% p8 L% p9 ^# m! X& a
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
- z( E/ c+ I% p1 f- Y7 w kundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various# F* ]' R: l( `& L, S. z
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 2 ~, \# P& U5 Z6 @7 t
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 4 m& w ~6 ~$ |
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, ; M+ j: C# g, p3 L. R1 N- G3 D7 @
these services are:
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) ], _7 j0 } P7 x课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
( j8 |7 e: b+ |: ]6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: , w* g' a( J9 x0 P4 B% ~
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
9 J4 ~# L5 ^% m/ z8 I0 X = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
# q) G9 I/ t7 C) { 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
0 l; }! w% e7 ?3 R" s 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”5 F6 X* Z: f! B$ P. P7 J
6.1.2 attend . v% I6 E% D( G% g: s m, B4 b
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
5 g. X( t8 u9 ?' } (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
% [% d! C; q. O1 w. O2 R 例如: attend to one’s work
' B; \+ [& e3 h+ f (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to8 n. C4 T4 j- t; G2 J
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to: ]' Q- O$ Q" J
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities& y+ ]8 \( l7 p6 W$ y/ y7 v& j9 a5 ^
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)& c. r; q: b$ @; p& q
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
6 w0 g: S5 i- N7 D* `/ H procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
; s3 }3 t4 S0 v- y+ l, o A1 K (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
: `' t1 q4 g% d0 I: K6 f documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
6 R+ [2 }* x v3 U7 w3 w documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
4 t- ]; x# Y2 e 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
3 V' R/ z' o1 @' n# s document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 7 J6 j$ m6 U2 a- P
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
) W4 K$ [# a7 n; H3 Z+ ]& u the customs formalities (海关手续)
& y7 l" {) D4 S0 ~. l! ?: e go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
, G x2 p3 S6 y1 Y$ u( _- O句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
, \6 j: f4 F6 u 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. ! H4 M% f; D o$ \/ H8 E5 n3 Z) W
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些( ~/ B. u" |& v) t
繁杂手续的话…
: b/ r H5 t2 U' h6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: ( p. Q4 c& f1 V
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 0 |( \9 E# d P% X
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构+ c2 ^/ g' a" @3 w
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
% i) w) X3 j6 j* }" Q, l5 Z the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”. ]" G2 L7 A( ^9 q
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. p- i, J. b, e8 I: ]8 S- h. y
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:% ^0 p9 ?3 \4 u- O8 L6 e6 |) l- u
(1) process 名词. 3 w; Y) A8 n" z& t# `0 g" r I, N
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
5 x4 o: e, e6 D6 ~! c% S 例如: distribution process
8 S5 C/ {& ~5 D: J (2) process 动词.& q( ~! A/ G' ?. ?6 Y" r6 [
process = to prepare and examine in details1 ]3 C/ R, u* U! ^) t
例如: process the movement of goods, g$ o0 D) ^0 z* i, q! J
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
; |2 G" K6 D$ `3 m; ^ ... through the various stages involved.
t' u$ F$ e1 m9 ` 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
F/ g# {3 S7 g# N6 ? 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
' P9 _& U% H1 m/ W) T9 s6 ?, S (1) 使...陷入,拖累
. b5 J$ h2 W l (2) 包围,笼罩
9 ~' k6 s7 e" i( q. T0 x! S T: G* C (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
- h" l% n- [. t3 o7. 句子: % e3 j- `& G. \4 u
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
0 o' S# k t5 Y0 \- B0 s y& s9 k( } subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
1 y O+ h( J; D. y: S 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
& h2 u% E$ f/ o 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
- e! t1 z5 I6 C8 a' ?) [% R 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
. |. R4 D, A$ ]4 l- u 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
( o& E" e) S# T$ L8 _0 b" ? a submarine (潜水艇)
4 p, H! n4 `- v$ c$ G" z* G, s subway(地铁)* R& ?( P* y. D8 |6 T8 V
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的8 |( z. O2 ]% i6 S
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包. {6 I, \5 Q) f' _
给第三者而签订的合同)
' J- P3 @/ b( M+ n- J( V$ Y subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
5 G2 ?3 v9 ?! z1 ? subagent 副代理人
% o* g9 C0 \! k( F9 B subcontinent 次大陆 / Q; W- \/ u y/ E8 f
subsonic 亚音速
% [0 B2 h! {- o |2 t" F subroutine 子程序 : Y" l O0 E. Y- N
7.2 关于这个 through :1 }) f5 ^4 \) F5 b, [+ D! d- g
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.+ U: |0 Z9 C- y' a) |8 G8 [4 `
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of * c- o9 U- N! `0 d$ [
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
2 G+ }! g/ i& f1 _+ \% h* u 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
$ i. G9 c2 _2 v: B- H- z% X 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
; \, c6 m/ g9 U5 k# u through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)% e8 ^% o/ D. J' q0 Y {
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)/ v I+ ^( J1 o4 E, B
8. 句子:
- e# I( c) Y& C! Z% f He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ; G4 c6 w+ X& v {3 z4 G. [ J; @" `
overseas agents. 在句子中:
1 p, n' A( T% I5 W) X. a' r 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词: p" Q- u" o3 C6 ^3 T; Z6 G
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用); M1 W6 ]4 j, X
其形容词: utilizable 0 m. ]8 Q- `- A4 b* d+ _
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:8 I3 b# Q$ j! Q4 ]9 F. j; A
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思. m% W! V: ]5 c. k
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