Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
3 Z: y5 V8 q6 V; T Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and, \* I" i) G& r7 q
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who . j) C6 n3 ~: y" o$ ]) e& w
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
. h" Y# b' u+ z* `4 U6 cstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or ( D3 M3 X0 _7 d
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected & d4 @2 h g' `& I$ ]
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
. B; ?8 c( n& {these services are:+ A G" z7 t9 E/ G& h# m
+ T5 A5 M: V' @/ M7 I课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
' v# Y7 k+ Q8 d6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 0 I9 B8 M8 ^8 Q7 r7 R' D* t
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … & o8 t9 s9 L3 S' k
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
' N) C; \0 Y+ J0 ]5 A) o& q. D; ` 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. $ T( U4 s* _# Y. i" t
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”2 y0 y1 `/ Y! M1 i& u
6.1.2 attend $ j" }: D+ ]1 O0 I/ L
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 1 y5 A# |" Q+ [. s; Y0 h% _! E
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
! S, k5 M- o* _& U7 t 例如: attend to one’s work
: o+ |( l* e7 c (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to, [* S/ ]& g8 Z- G
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
+ l" H4 t' [' j& U 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities' m* y$ j& E$ Y' f
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)0 y' I1 {5 Q0 { q1 t: l- D& z
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” ) V( \2 Z& p9 C
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
; u, V1 h+ J4 X (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
5 j6 j: v( L% C documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
$ E* |4 h+ X4 t4 V6 j documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ( e& @! ~* e( Z$ u) d' r
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)( S3 L5 a7 o1 P' T/ z' b" B
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” . Z% J! T& j: P- z7 [
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)( }6 N+ a( d' `, s9 n: _0 Z0 e6 Q8 {
the customs formalities (海关手续)5 A! o% P9 F) Q1 r0 P
go through due formalities (经过正式手续), F: M; V3 r4 e* t/ O _) c
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
$ Z7 H/ Q& b, [ 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. $ g. b' m/ D5 k
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
: k: `1 @2 N3 l3 g& } 繁杂手续的话…
5 E+ h6 G, l# F9 ]6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: # g; M( ^$ H* B8 m- ]
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
2 B; r9 w% }% ^7 ^ of goods...* p+ V' Z; o' a0 w
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构2 h g9 _( Y& S
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
9 `6 ~' r5 g$ ]/ P6 N( a d6 a the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”+ [% C8 l# z0 I, c. E* X6 j
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 5 L8 _1 i9 P& X1 n" t* A+ s% v
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:9 a, v9 Z8 f9 N' P/ Y' X. g$ i0 g
(1) process 名词.
+ ]! U1 @4 ^9 m process = series of operations deliberately unertaken9 l6 n! V+ X# `/ {4 L, Z. O
例如: distribution process
A& _) T% {+ ^$ O' p (2) process 动词.9 k: h% d% {4 \% \, s' l/ `+ b: n
process = to prepare and examine in details
; d% a3 U2 v* {* c3 ~+ D2 V 例如: process the movement of goods
+ X$ l2 ` g+ t- Q! `句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:6 }( V A5 P& x
... through the various stages involved.
* Q, k( y4 F1 ~ 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action z' ~2 w% m, W
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
. ^; h7 ]- K& r% ?6 V3 X. o (1) 使...陷入,拖累
. u1 W! M/ X( _: k! b (2) 包围,笼罩
, L7 E) [% F' x (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
7 V' _7 T' n, j3 z8 |# @( T2 w7. 句子: 0 r9 N3 P9 [- [9 G0 `) ]& Y
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
2 v' H: A0 J# X& z& z, ?6 [3 T subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
, O/ O5 T) J; q/ Z0 L 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:) T8 ~8 z% H, a5 b
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.* h2 r# X' U+ y# }9 N9 {
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
7 H" s" g; z/ W. z* ^ 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
: h/ E$ {' h; ? submarine (潜水艇)
6 U H+ `" Q8 Q- M7 A, i# |, G k subway(地铁). f' y* Y" Y# B
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
- [* A# U0 T+ b* S& x( R subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包# l) _4 F/ x+ \" K* E* G
给第三者而签订的合同)
, M1 R" z0 m7 F) R subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者3 p9 o8 j3 v) l+ Y8 F
subagent 副代理人
+ B# x, L# P! K* Q9 K* c subcontinent 次大陆
9 I7 A. ~# C: ^' `* h; T& M subsonic 亚音速: @% f( L- Z. c7 x& g, `
subroutine 子程序 ; f5 b/ Q7 K6 V" Q" l: ?3 o- G
7.2 关于这个 through :; l' N/ P/ m3 ~0 b K
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.; N7 L a. |- V5 R% k
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
' j6 K' e8 N$ C- L "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
0 ^% A2 x+ L/ s: \# i 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
4 O3 J0 O( x' d& Q 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, . a/ k4 A; t$ Y5 \
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
& g* D* }+ C8 k! @ through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由) D4 b y% e$ n: b5 Q
8. 句子:
: [7 W. P. I$ u1 y) |- X He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his # l7 _+ ^% N- X4 K0 u M
overseas agents. 在句子中:* ^. R1 e a. ^& m" N9 Q, P# w
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词& a) P) K9 ^1 P- S
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
0 X4 S$ O: X+ @; n 其形容词: utilizable
( b }# a0 i f5 e: @4 l9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:. T$ a. T+ D+ [' D4 w) h6 k
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思) Q& S& S& n- q& {% e$ I2 F- {& |0 F
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