Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services9 J- [% x, Z N F& K, D8 P6 W5 t
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and0 H6 Z, M4 Z7 b( i* d
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 7 |) w G5 T6 \) m) t
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various' A+ L- U9 v7 l: j/ O
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or % I5 J4 C2 }8 V6 a. ~$ L7 V9 {) i
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected ) l& K+ B" p, ^ L7 z; L2 d
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, - k% D ~/ u% C" {2 {
these services are:3 S# }& l" Y7 p( ]
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
* k! M t5 g# `( X; A, R6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 0 j4 ?, r# L1 x) H
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … 4 D8 [; Q! X+ K, n: j
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
! M* ^8 e9 O; E+ u, j5 Y 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. 5 H% I; V; Q9 o8 p0 S* j9 o
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”; j) c' c" H& @# h3 o; u
6.1.2 attend
8 l# k% e7 @/ n% k0 r (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 0 G- d( O" q" m# B. i/ Q# q
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” : V9 u5 n- k' J$ R: p6 D
例如: attend to one’s work
. ?% X! Y' N4 P1 V4 p/ P9 |1 D$ f (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to: b/ a* g2 R& Q9 j+ V
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to+ x/ S; p M) L+ _4 V
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
5 U! a2 u1 m0 W$ T" a5 r (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)( h, O; l, c% o6 X" c# S- ]
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” $ x2 k8 \! a/ n: _, w$ ~7 Z
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
8 X1 Y( j- r% K+ e7 h0 f% A7 q; @ (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)2 p* F0 U8 i) B( m
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
% o5 o D' D( h* _9 D) j documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ! z! H+ @5 K8 u* W t/ B- b! y
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
; l* w, {5 @# C$ A7 X( Y3 |& u document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” : c r; I X" t/ o* c
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)& X$ `0 f6 d' F k. w6 S9 B9 E
the customs formalities (海关手续)) B0 v/ Q+ Q* D7 Y r* |
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
8 c- n' R4 y: |# f句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
/ G1 f7 a. [- F6 \8 s6 s1 u- W 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 8 _: c$ v5 e* A9 ~+ C8 u4 t6 q& [
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
/ `; j/ D7 S. d$ B 繁杂手续的话…# r. Z$ l, j! E
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 7 u1 k) l' Q9 A1 y9 B
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
" w4 A s) q3 t8 t( j& Y6 x of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构2 Y# ~( M; k( z. D( K7 [+ m O5 z$ B
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
& M9 L" D; ~1 n$ @ the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
5 m% `/ |! X8 D& s% u 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ( C. T0 H, P8 `: m; S3 ^9 G" i* x
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
0 O0 O* V7 L% k! n$ t" x (1) process 名词. 5 I O* O- R- P* N: \
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken3 [$ s2 T6 R; U3 Q9 `
例如: distribution process! l7 N( d0 S6 e7 Z- H6 C. }2 N
(2) process 动词.1 y' W! o3 v x3 \: u, G) h
process = to prepare and examine in details+ b7 G" j) v& N8 J
例如: process the movement of goods
5 ~/ x4 P |1 }9 L! u句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 [9 }7 j9 L- ]6 K1 p, o, v+ O- M ... through the various stages involved. 2 ?9 d* Y4 G- R. v2 ?
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
: p! l" O0 b, U3 p- S0 | 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
' W) `3 x: ]8 {) L& k6 m, x5 B7 |6 h (1) 使...陷入,拖累/ `8 L, L) p2 a* S# m' }0 Y
(2) 包围,笼罩9 m! Y# E1 J3 X" B4 O! v
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思- y* ~) b4 v9 @& o& O$ |7 ?$ ?6 N
7. 句子: " e/ A; y1 |$ I! V8 I, n- g S
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
; ]% l: y7 X6 O3 i subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
4 J2 M! [, }5 s/ a4 ]9 l 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
8 S6 Q$ [# ?; @! p% [+ [( O 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
$ U5 t) B* Y2 T5 Q 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思4 ?5 s. H, Y. r" L8 Q$ w0 }
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的& s* {" P) o0 f0 g2 o. H$ ?
submarine (潜水艇)
9 v' v6 o4 y5 K1 ~( y) ~ subway(地铁)
; y+ I8 p I0 a* X3 q8 B+ v 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的$ `* l, h6 G1 W; r& e' P
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包: S* M% ?9 m4 y8 C
给第三者而签订的合同)7 j) q# V; q1 Q
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
) `6 C$ ]4 i4 U, T subagent 副代理人4 ]. T- k2 c+ T% c& E( V
subcontinent 次大陆 " M8 W3 V- N/ m* Z1 u
subsonic 亚音速
0 x0 w+ q6 t7 D$ ~; z1 Y+ Y, f# J subroutine 子程序 8 M- V' a# o/ ~5 t
7.2 关于这个 through :
( @) o. h' Z* }, l4 U8 x4 y 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
4 ?# M, P* o# U! V, v( V: E# s: Y 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
2 f6 L b0 \" V/ e) Q" s "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
1 V( N+ E: H1 S 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
9 t: k8 L" L8 Q R% h- F5 s 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
: L \) x) v, {: |" [ through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
; X" ]2 _7 p: ]7 n through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)% p7 e: t- v$ Z0 z
8. 句子:
& O# v& i6 y: a* k He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his 4 ~" i) S; C" W& u
overseas agents. 在句子中: j* _) y3 q9 z
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
3 K% m) W! a8 F- Z* d. t) U 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)9 G( J0 O. [& F
其形容词: utilizable
) Z5 p) C! z" j$ _7 h. Z9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
: ^: j' C3 P6 @ briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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