Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services; F' T5 X+ _7 a( c+ P
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and, C0 p! v2 x# J4 N
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who # Q+ r }$ S* H2 e6 ^
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various/ [5 |- \* m9 E
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
/ Y. i& n; v* |8 s" ?. lthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected ; I. M* ]0 H" S& h( V" |
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
2 s6 Z! g* u+ bthese services are:, j% w! A/ R% U5 K
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.& r2 S6 N7 U5 [( \- N
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
- j' v! b+ T( C! K, \ Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … $ _; u- y1 C+ H" _, X! `
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
% Z6 `: Q$ @2 R b. g 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. , x7 N* y7 ~4 W$ ^8 ?
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”) V% ?* t& }( a) b+ T. ^* h7 c
6.1.2 attend ' W& ?5 g. O+ u- U& o# c
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting / ?8 h( @1 Y6 S' z
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
& A/ E/ L, j% S# o; ], @ 例如: attend to one’s work
" c' [$ E M, e% \ (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to5 A/ \7 |! C. B9 ^+ n5 f5 g
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
3 t6 w: h/ s: y/ h) O% c 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
4 k, ^% k# u3 f- b! o$ z (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)9 c& a; ~! B* P
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
% c' {# `5 x9 t procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
0 h9 y" W7 M; N3 D. _$ E (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续). J+ Z5 N& `# \
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
/ ^8 [% `, n5 H! \% L7 q documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
$ L9 O3 {, [: y+ e( U) t& N1 X% F 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
& a$ \1 q0 T/ g+ V$ l& A' h5 D% h4 x document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” , M0 N W/ C- X3 V, \! `) A4 e
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)* Y5 I$ l7 J. y- }. Z
the customs formalities (海关手续)
' q7 s1 G2 F9 u go through due formalities (经过正式手续)+ N* [/ o' i: V7 q' f7 r/ g
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
. K! K+ n& y K& C: n3 q5 C( i- s 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. ' {3 @ r2 `, Q8 K. m+ m% l7 y$ F# R
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
m z5 S) }- _( }: U3 V 繁杂手续的话…
; u8 W# z% e9 F1 d6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
5 R, g! A1 f; D/ {. F ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 6 K8 i, x/ L O' p
of goods...: w& F \0 g2 T8 {
( `4 j; G5 G% C- z7 J3 o 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构% x! g* V @7 _+ g+ M8 x
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
8 m8 c0 e6 E+ ?7 C# i& n$ C the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
4 s4 y4 h- X7 ~- { 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
4 r: G% @& ^3 L/ d* x 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:# C0 p1 ]+ c. B/ C. v
(1) process 名词. / Z$ L; \* x1 ]! ^4 F5 ^; u7 h
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
6 y7 z( r' c5 L* Z2 e2 q 例如: distribution process
+ V/ x F3 x% B: G# E3 Z0 ] (2) process 动词.
8 O- g- a/ F, A process = to prepare and examine in details
2 C7 V' P9 K) l0 f$ u! g 例如: process the movement of goods3 X$ J- h6 ?) {5 Y1 ?5 G
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:0 {' _% h8 O4 S+ l
... through the various stages involved.
: w* k, R- v' A8 H8 q3 Z 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action) F+ ^ p0 i# d
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:8 ?( I7 Q- j8 j8 O3 d) o
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
' M m' Y) G: X) i (2) 包围,笼罩
/ G0 x1 I' |& {; K (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
f- L& I- |: P6 d5 _7. 句子: & G9 K' I' d0 ]+ G3 c1 Q4 l$ H
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 1 H2 A3 j$ B6 g) E* P) T
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:6 H; _8 R) Y5 Y$ C! Y9 O7 U& l
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
# K; ~" n# u7 r+ m, q' ` 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.0 f# \) H0 Z, Z& G
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思5 o2 [, `$ d- k$ c. M' |3 j
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
" m0 G# U1 r) G2 t submarine (潜水艇)
0 W' [- a! `* [ subway(地铁)
! C- \% h7 `5 c/ g R8 z 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的0 o: { [* }! B! C. m
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
5 \' T5 I; Q+ t/ M 给第三者而签订的合同)
! J: ~7 [. `' J# q0 D) S subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
% h" G/ u- u/ [5 N, \. ~3 p subagent 副代理人" g! ~" ]: r# X* P# |5 l; ?& O
subcontinent 次大陆
5 F) X1 k5 T4 A3 V/ l- V8 V1 ~/ _ subsonic 亚音速. G! ]3 `) { o& C6 P/ C
subroutine 子程序
; z# W1 j* X5 s) z 7.2 关于这个 through :
3 P6 N" n5 |" W 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.; g/ P- \; o' [2 ?3 B e9 t
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
4 c9 H3 X) N! k# y) d "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
* D2 y3 t/ ]5 i6 S 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
' _6 B, H8 A0 \2 E+ }3 z) ] 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
/ h' H3 [ n4 X3 A# P through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)# H( `1 R0 W' g# q
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)& s: }9 @3 G! m
8. 句子:
9 w! W' h x, P8 ~1 h: O He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ) \$ O2 h2 {, k M* I9 N1 {4 e4 y
overseas agents. 在句子中:
7 `, `, n! J3 L! \5 d8 C* v3 y 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词/ k! s5 ^& ~$ |- C
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
' U5 c/ `( A7 Y0 } 其形容词: utilizable
# w- H* J. s3 F3 f# U9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
/ N0 z# K. E( ]0 F briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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