Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
& z z" {9 v1 }' j; ^6 k( f, l Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
' z- J' \) L& c4 d+ Z: s2 ]7 ddocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
# q, q) @2 K+ Q( ]. Lundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various9 h3 ]7 O: ~0 ]9 D' f- ~
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
$ ?& L) b8 X1 `- Y @) z! Hthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected ! I/ H+ U0 R! Q6 x
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
4 [) p% Y/ s j7 N$ Ythese services are:: u% O4 U# D6 _# q# w9 R
) r& R, M9 y* N2 }% a课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
! L; h' \% q8 g1 H; j2 }* ~6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: ! ?. o; T# M r6 m
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
/ R! F3 }- d( N* B3 t1 @ = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …' M2 H- ~: _+ R8 e* D4 P) B
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. 6 v- I8 O" x, X
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
3 O6 y1 U8 ]; C5 J$ X2 ? 6.1.2 attend + i: t4 |' U( @ N% M' c3 T
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
5 Q7 q/ ?2 ?- L) G% ^" n0 d: t5 ~ (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
4 y# ~& m" V* B 例如: attend to one’s work " B5 m/ t) m% U Q9 r
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
4 X1 M- A3 ?" F1 @9 E (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to0 w+ U) h- `+ T) M" f- {/ C
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities7 j6 C* @; J1 x. I1 P% V8 S& ^" J5 F
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
0 y- P2 E: ]$ z, `: X O procedural 形容词, “程序上的” 8 N, R+ R. h: I7 I* J
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 3 V: @' Q- _" }# v2 c! y
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
7 O" Q) b0 y0 u1 B+ | documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
4 C% z9 N, E& C documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 9 P& u. w8 A9 S+ z; e* Q/ l
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
' y( r2 i/ A+ t) @ X4 X1 J9 E4 _" ? document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” ; ?* X# H0 }4 F9 L$ O
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)$ M- M# F/ C, k5 C4 y7 @: n
the customs formalities (海关手续)
% i+ h8 f; k. K6 X; E, J go through due formalities (经过正式手续) e6 F1 I/ k7 H! J' R5 Q& a) |
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:! m& t! N/ s% {7 H1 w1 C/ ^! u
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 9 @0 t$ K3 Q$ [6 G
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
! q6 @ Q- U5 v: I9 U 繁杂手续的话…2 _# l9 A5 O7 |% G L
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
. J! w. Y9 l: U9 U ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
1 X8 A3 J7 q0 G& }% a of goods...9 ]) \# F) X! A1 u9 t
, e4 r* z( N4 N 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构4 s, J1 ]3 M2 i& N& I8 n( g& t4 |
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调: h1 O; d) Q& w$ D1 g9 M
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
) d6 {1 w* [+ E/ U 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 8 n9 n6 R; J: e) k3 W6 u
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:/ T& F/ Q0 b' w) z4 c
(1) process 名词. 0 ^' I' k4 d7 h1 y. a; U
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
! v3 e, B1 T! | z* V 例如: distribution process2 p: z; I; j7 e0 L x( J
(2) process 动词.
+ `& Y% @ q( T' [; o process = to prepare and examine in details
2 W s, d/ Y+ T 例如: process the movement of goods
4 J2 P0 ]9 G0 s" }, u2 p8 [( Z句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:: b0 c$ r; y9 e2 F. k n
... through the various stages involved.
1 J- f, W& K; x 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action! e- p5 n o6 Q
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
" ]7 [- A8 S( f8 e, s. f- U5 Z+ M$ K (1) 使...陷入,拖累
$ T% P6 c5 ~+ w! t- F3 h- h% u8 i (2) 包围,笼罩
$ U% F( ~+ }9 p n" ]) u4 M (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
9 U0 x0 M: }2 A! g+ Q8 k3 m6 B/ m8 L7. 句子: * I0 s, n' C5 B1 }- }, |; Y
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
3 G$ X v9 K o: Z s% o& @( m subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:# Z7 b" I" w( }6 p7 c
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:7 `$ T& G# }8 T2 K% o2 Y# Z) m
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
! { [" O) W6 ?9 w0 S# | 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思( R. {! W, c* @! _% I& f* ^5 A
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
! l* E, Y4 E4 [9 L submarine (潜水艇)
3 M X! S. f2 a% L6 t1 } subway(地铁)$ }1 K P5 a3 V
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
, E0 ~5 q( n& n- r subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包8 m3 k8 {- w5 E. A8 v) G9 e
给第三者而签订的合同)5 M. r# K0 S0 c& J+ v
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者) n" g; k5 [+ V d& C
subagent 副代理人1 F9 G& K+ \1 r
subcontinent 次大陆 : w( x3 ^1 X5 H( w' x
subsonic 亚音速3 j: f' {. l, u* K( l6 N, C0 e+ }, G" |
subroutine 子程序 6 r( y" j# L% B& \! I) Z% Z( k
7.2 关于这个 through :
2 l' _" s. N {: Z: D; R6 E 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.) U- e: M. q% N. |0 h
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of g% h Y# A) T( U8 f
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程) s. q( N; v5 a3 E( Q2 D! ^
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.: V1 X( \8 k; Z- L
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, : x0 G- z7 T Q! N2 i: L2 \
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段); V8 y$ n& _7 u8 @$ [
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
8 N3 p4 B, b- _) g0 h% l. W! r7 D8. 句子:
7 t9 O5 e/ K/ k He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his 9 [" V+ e9 s, f% p! w; K+ `
overseas agents. 在句子中:
8 H0 c9 Z7 {* B 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
, j8 ]+ p7 O6 k# E' a( J 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
! |( z$ a! S' K4 {6 J" x3 | 其形容词: utilizable ) w: _7 Q* x4 U9 |" E8 \
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
, H8 w( f2 Z1 V6 z3 O& U F& a' @2 T1 o+ k briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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