Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
; t- H: Z* p) ^. j2 r Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and- \) B( @' W- |
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 1 S, r2 z1 a1 f2 { o
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various/ Z: a$ q. V" l4 N- p/ b9 M
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 0 s" x, E: b6 a4 _3 O# M p
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected * N0 Z$ e& q/ b g0 V4 a
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, ' t! O0 R2 \1 S4 y' L. S
these services are:
- S q! C. n' ]
/ W0 y8 V6 Y3 n4 z' x; u: w课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.2 L6 y& ]; m0 J' [2 {% e
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: ; U( X/ s+ Q, x. o0 p
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
5 i+ L/ ^1 a1 a; V4 B$ Z5 M& o = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
9 Q, S) {% ?1 G/ h( d7 w5 E( l 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
1 }8 y, e" H& q; E5 J 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不” n) _' M! v3 P% T! P+ c+ W5 ?6 ~; Z
6.1.2 attend 7 D% U5 c1 l) r4 F' Z
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
/ K2 a2 y$ ]$ }% |& w$ W5 T! R (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
8 v8 I( i" ?- ~7 k( [8 M 例如: attend to one’s work
/ H$ F9 Z+ q1 l% h+ {1 N (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to! F) h. ~# ]- G1 H+ |
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
, V' m0 R* w) F, }2 p, W% d7 M4 Q 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
" ]3 L- K1 C& J (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续). G. U w0 h1 i4 d/ l/ I* d
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
. O( W$ H+ K- y( \ procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
* R9 W. b$ ?$ H/ m1 ~; n9 `" D (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
# [. L9 e: D' k* B! c* y documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
% x- J- c# `, X5 L8 z3 [8 N documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ; H Q0 i1 D5 {8 Z0 L# ?
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)) U: t7 \& ^; C, r0 p: l
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” ! k/ S/ R9 F2 l" D
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)( N7 l9 z" ~' Z9 t5 o
the customs formalities (海关手续)1 o, G# Y4 C2 {! Q7 ^
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
3 Y) |4 B! C; G4 J2 t句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
/ b \( q7 r2 W8 N# n 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
9 ^, X2 D% E, N9 A' S& `% A 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些8 w/ Q9 M( l! r" L; z. e% d, N% d
繁杂手续的话…
. |1 C$ D- c! [( j6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
. J5 L# F% N" ~" c ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement ^2 B" [* ]' h1 c
of goods...
% [7 m+ W$ L* R- m
9 R" a* x, H4 n6 H* G 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
3 L* L1 x9 {7 c4 Z/ }$ T8 x8 i" J& c 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
0 [# r2 G# M u2 ]/ H) |/ l$ } the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
4 B, @1 _) u0 A8 E+ y5 v0 Q7 G% s 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. , B0 v' y) v+ y( L9 y E
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:- R0 g. v& p2 x5 D" w9 F2 e" A* \5 B
(1) process 名词.
. x6 O0 B, {0 z E' g3 X; s process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
/ \) i7 j* m. l+ O9 Y8 f6 R, Y 例如: distribution process( F( I4 U" U2 _) L! @
(2) process 动词./ M8 _* r6 v9 R) [8 v* o# q$ c
process = to prepare and examine in details
) f3 K1 x0 G( C$ Y9 S- s7 N( O* Q 例如: process the movement of goods7 E& ^% x6 C" R! R4 U. G% e
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:7 s% L! _) W: {* z# I3 C7 |
... through the various stages involved.
1 d" g& A+ o4 W! F- m! y 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
5 }, O \$ Z1 l0 n0 X6 C R* s 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:) V) F/ u8 x* V. p8 X
(1) 使...陷入,拖累; `: L7 f$ |! P! M/ b. n7 `5 q
(2) 包围,笼罩
* M/ Y% m9 \) W (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
# v* h! k7 ]7 h8 h' {7. 句子:
: N5 a1 t: I/ J! @) s9 g& Y The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 5 T( W/ @2 E( y6 _2 m$ U9 U
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
' F- d. }, d1 ?0 u 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
( u5 ?, a% V% b% U 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.: b& b+ Y5 d7 P' T
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
' R! _7 i w1 I) k' G. F 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
# k4 j6 J" b2 i5 t4 b/ E8 h submarine (潜水艇)# V# D0 }. W9 L8 L
subway(地铁)4 o; `3 g2 v/ M7 J- ?5 V- P
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的& r" k1 U& F+ H
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
# I# H; w, v6 {$ [( d) a 给第三者而签订的合同)% N4 I E2 \, w. R* A# l& Y% l
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者. n2 [4 I" `' B& y- D
subagent 副代理人: Q5 F2 ]) K8 N3 a9 q( y
subcontinent 次大陆 3 u+ k* W" b8 E7 t
subsonic 亚音速, {4 p" j' z0 @% @
subroutine 子程序
$ A" r& t* ]2 y m9 h k% [8 F 7.2 关于这个 through :
. E1 G( _* r4 K 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.: G. q' r, L3 _$ r, C9 w
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
" ?; Q |( b+ M7 f "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程): r$ D( e0 R, S% v; t' i M. J
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
3 m6 f' [# H, K% N 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
+ o7 |4 n, c" k4 f through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
9 r2 a8 f# Z; p3 s$ S; Z" K through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由). }, U5 B% g& y- j2 R1 l
8. 句子:
" Y; F( J: b* F! D4 L% k7 | He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
3 R6 j: \' r4 V) y2 ^) G4 d5 G0 ]+ J+ } overseas agents. 在句子中:
& }* i) R) K" {4 _2 g. U 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
( B. U" n" K7 _; I& y$ N$ F: L( r 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)$ v0 E1 T2 [5 {
其形容词: utilizable 2 g* x& g# g& N1 m& z
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:: {; B" u* T) _7 q# k5 S
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
* L N6 E' L$ }+ A0 Z; k3 t2 H |