Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services# L' J' ]0 ]: V' a" y. b
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
* Y7 }" l. X* Ydocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
; H' w+ |$ x8 R9 j/ B" D' }3 dundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various6 E: b3 |( ?* s2 h
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
. C* a. v: z' i& kthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected / i6 x2 F: W% E+ @$ `1 H
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
; ?5 A' E8 a2 Fthese services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
: K, N7 { W6 J$ ?! Z1 f" v6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 3 x* l9 g0 C% P' N J
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … / P3 r2 K! x' T( m0 g
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …0 o5 O2 ^' k5 j6 n8 G8 V
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
( R* {: u, D5 a- e 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”- H) E9 B. j, T3 G6 q: z5 [! g) N
6.1.2 attend
& X/ l# x, n: e; K5 C7 n! e- U$ p (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 7 l1 P% [+ R5 R t) i W
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” O1 j% t$ K: l7 H3 W; C
例如: attend to one’s work . e1 ^2 \: A# | n7 T0 P
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
: y# v& h" [% M @9 o& _1 n4 Y( v (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
+ c& [! |% a" M& {: W1 D4 W0 P 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities- f2 C- o3 W% F# B
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
2 c' V+ l( Y) C: [$ Q0 y% W' R6 J procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
3 B/ h0 ~: }" t procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 7 \2 w1 p, s p* v( I
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
& r* _5 G! s# u documentary 形容词, “单证上的” * V1 {6 g- j$ v% m( }: C
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 5 Q2 v8 D$ Y; ]9 ?
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)! b6 W- X" _$ |
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” + x i+ L' s# l* R9 g* f3 S
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
6 J- B K6 I& r8 n% c$ c8 ] the customs formalities (海关手续)
* {% m* E7 j, K5 I9 I+ ?: E go through due formalities (经过正式手续)2 @! T3 y* b. a2 ?5 Y: ^1 `9 U
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:: ~6 a; R0 ?: O! h! Z: C
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 0 H h k. g$ z" b% T
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
' M0 ]! _0 H1 Y 繁杂手续的话…! G, a0 G( H w7 ?! c9 \& p, s6 s
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: ' b. I; n; D! s* ^+ L
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement - l: B, h& C2 c+ H; ^. H0 q
of goods..." D6 z5 q1 n0 y a1 O# ~
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构* p, u' O/ G6 e9 c9 j
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调* R+ `1 X. L M+ _6 w
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是” }$ g' H. f( q! J+ }
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
3 S% @. j' R; e, C V, A' z+ n 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
, P! C- R+ l. V$ l8 Q (1) process 名词. ( e) @, h- O @' ?
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
7 I; y) F |$ e 例如: distribution process; [& C2 R! Q w; Y6 t# U
(2) process 动词.5 Z3 @3 U- w. b4 g4 ^
process = to prepare and examine in details
2 H/ e7 x. M1 u# h! B 例如: process the movement of goods5 F- \. u6 c/ e5 h' V1 d' j
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:: f3 d3 N: C" m8 D- J
... through the various stages involved.
; q( [( R1 p( z# U 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action7 d( Q) m9 k/ I6 T- G2 P
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:, Y- P& O: H# h7 V6 U0 i
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
0 G1 h. M6 [+ s2 K1 M4 _. R9 @- I, D (2) 包围,笼罩
' I% U0 [/ X6 u9 C4 L (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
! @# u9 o% N: i! \ t& ]1 W7. 句子:
( h" P9 d1 C7 e5 X The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
, l6 s1 V7 ^; X/ O1 U+ R) A subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:7 [0 }0 G6 U$ q
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
* N6 K8 }+ v% x; [, G* R 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
! S1 C! n/ j4 c' g 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
6 G1 d, d- ^- F# ? 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的* K! T( w) K" ~3 _ _
submarine (潜水艇)
" }, P! F4 _# o9 S subway(地铁)
" a/ s) O5 s0 M2 L 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
/ ^: j. O" N3 ]2 U8 d3 f subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
$ Z( [- a) u3 i: P! {1 U' Z 给第三者而签订的合同)' f8 V- [; q/ b1 R
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者% Z( p2 M% T' h# c9 a: i" d
subagent 副代理人/ \! R4 b+ M# D4 w/ F) {$ n4 {( a$ M
subcontinent 次大陆 ; v F: ^) W; v. K
subsonic 亚音速
! |" L3 _8 ]7 i" K% E subroutine 子程序 i" H, l9 b$ D/ }4 g1 @. n
7.2 关于这个 through :5 @. {0 ~' F# J& r% B$ b
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.+ Q/ B& x/ ~. {; A5 s8 m' E/ x
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of / _- ~4 K0 x5 s/ P* Q/ S& H/ t
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
( l7 r9 j, {# b6 J& F7 W( h. e# J 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.3 w; ? ^% q1 \5 z
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
# g n! ?# \: s5 y3 m through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
* q# |- U' G+ i, k through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
! k9 s: v* g; C# k6 b0 @$ G: K) O8. 句子: 1 J/ x" l6 S% U7 k E
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ; @9 h T3 }% X' q$ K8 Q
overseas agents. 在句子中:1 A( ?) i) d: M
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
: `+ U3 W; E/ @9 `1 @) P 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)# ^+ k8 j, F' V3 e/ W/ A
其形容词: utilizable " z! E1 L, m( w2 e
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
+ R' t% N! `% x/ X" u/ o) ? briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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