Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
7 p0 {/ z/ R! J/ I: i Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
$ n% j& H8 P$ k; Zdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who # L) ~" o& ~5 Z
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various( ^/ p$ |, T" z! a; s& V
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
# L0 y# f c, a- F- E" A7 bthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected $ h: A/ d, o& W9 {. v, C4 ]
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
$ y& @# T* \$ O+ V( Q. K7 w0 lthese services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容./ y; B. `0 a9 m! _8 ~- x$ J" h
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
5 t* `& Z6 g/ j, l+ X9 S0 s" z Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … + E% Y, Q% ?! N" \+ Y2 ^ l3 w( |
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
U: W+ f/ G# ~ 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
, c9 L8 t0 J. y5 Y 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
0 a0 Z* V# y8 n/ F3 k% B6 p& V 6.1.2 attend 5 @! O& ^, f8 g1 H
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting : a, z- O# E) T u8 {
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
/ S# J, `( h! D9 w 例如: attend to one’s work * h! k# p6 A/ |: J/ k( t
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to# y' |% c2 n% H
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to* L0 N& ^# D D6 e' A2 z$ B# n
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
" R: P. `4 O7 }) m$ D* K! @1 n (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
: P( y2 p5 n' o% A- L0 J procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
/ }5 ~( E+ Q9 E& | procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” % P+ w* Y! ^8 G- @. u! z8 ~
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)3 l0 T$ a6 p E& d" R1 n- K% k
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ) C% m' r' s1 _9 Q
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ) a8 D3 O1 K0 y0 @1 y
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)' P# W* C( p4 A: ]6 B6 p
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” / Q* g1 ], o, f/ x8 C' Z
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)& F4 T" w/ h, F* T0 v
the customs formalities (海关手续)1 C0 {" A0 }* W$ T8 }
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
% u% P q( a M( E/ `7 g句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
2 G S% a2 { K2 C S9 a0 ?: Q 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
7 l: V$ G1 |9 c" Z9 K 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些6 j3 i& `- [ j3 x( W6 h
繁杂手续的话…
3 W6 y |4 H# {) e6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 0 n6 i: q& J7 F% d( f( I
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 7 V( N) @6 y' c2 z$ O5 K% B, h
of goods...
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, M, x! a* b3 S' v 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构& S2 q* _* u" m! U) i. @$ M
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
0 m3 Q) G, X% p/ z4 A2 G the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”, h, a) [4 f' F/ D2 l9 B# o
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
" w9 O/ S" k. y3 r8 m; d! V) r% Y 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
. o) D0 Q) L9 \: `3 Q (1) process 名词. ; E. P3 o+ Z4 C5 W
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken% ]1 s+ M; F/ \, g! n9 W
例如: distribution process
; o6 k; G% I( \4 \4 h. X2 a L (2) process 动词.9 w) [* Q- ~" W q* O: R) R
process = to prepare and examine in details7 t2 D6 q! B' g" m1 ] \
例如: process the movement of goods
0 A" F+ ?) ^* }/ M句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
/ x; y% Y& G0 z* ^3 |% W2 Z ... through the various stages involved.
7 ]$ B" @: P3 i M u: [ 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action$ w2 t& _* Z7 W8 y) y* K0 d
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:8 N: l+ Z7 ~, i1 h S1 E
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
2 r. d6 F; m: K( i7 ~, B. c (2) 包围,笼罩
1 l; H. e3 d. v6 [ (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思: C+ Q8 D# m# N" L4 f( A" P
7. 句子:
: f! ?6 w& M$ c: r The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
" H3 j4 P1 O$ E2 f, u subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:: U" Q, S0 }' T w* T ?- e& E
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
# I" S6 |; x$ x: x 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
: s! p) B6 m$ I 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思) @% c9 e6 F1 U/ S) t6 V
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
o1 J) V( B! h submarine (潜水艇)
o" m$ g$ u @: |8 c subway(地铁)
- _. l$ M$ j8 I- W% j7 K 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的8 {9 Y0 r6 ~9 F
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包3 r4 ^, w3 q) J9 y8 |7 G) f
给第三者而签订的合同)5 t, y3 p2 @/ X5 A
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者. l: b% E1 ?+ L# Q
subagent 副代理人
5 m& ]. G0 e/ o! P' P subcontinent 次大陆 # V& @8 e' ^ M: E! F
subsonic 亚音速: d' t" Y7 p. y1 Z- b5 `
subroutine 子程序
; k! ^8 A7 D3 X. ` 7.2 关于这个 through :
( n+ n7 @* i6 G* S8 Z 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
m. ?; `0 V; r 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
u+ z: z$ U z3 d3 u5 o6 E "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
. F& M& l, h4 T5 Q N 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.2 X4 J( t% V" h/ Q2 l
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
" N8 g F+ b# W through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
; p, ?6 s0 r# D: o4 k9 R2 ?8 X& I through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由). |$ r& O. p$ C% G! [! m" X
8. 句子:
' x) G4 a* E S( c% M/ { He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ; b8 O% e2 `! V3 G6 ~! A$ b
overseas agents. 在句子中:4 w' B3 x% h' {# _0 D# A/ {
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
4 ]* D; D+ S: F0 T' v: ` 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用) N5 [% V% ? N3 E$ k
其形容词: utilizable * N( K* S8 n6 W9 L
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
$ s$ E7 f# u$ P( |% w briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思/ k6 y2 C8 X6 g+ U5 z
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