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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance Y5 S7 E W' C" ~$ b
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
% ], Y! m5 |0 F& ^9 O& U2 |; O 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
, `/ B, g R0 |/ Z' G$ j2 T 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
( `. G' r- L0 e& |' F9 g; {7 | 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词. Q7 ^" d2 v6 b0 d. H
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.7 h# y, j& ~, U5 r9 c$ b' H
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险., s/ H& W M3 @' G7 J
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales( h3 E. S" b3 p. Y. n
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the & ^: I- B* @7 F, D; |! k) |
invoice cost.* _9 N' _+ G3 F% P2 v
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.1 S/ p. i- K; ~$ E6 a( A; S3 ?! V
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
9 b# c6 X. d# A (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 / c c. ]* j, J* t
110% of the invoice value
& Z# n% q8 h, i& ? (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%( n# G/ K* o: k
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
1 g' |$ f4 r( T, t/ N7 J# {5 b 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
. B+ y5 J* |0 a5 R2 a+ N 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
/ Y( H) T* Y4 r3 y2 f' @& r; d All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.) x i5 Y' j* L* d. x
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
: q6 E0 X2 e4 H( `, ~+ |0 q- l 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …; \+ g. L7 ?" Y
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance," A; i# b3 h" p3 e! L. @
解释“投保”6 l& p8 k2 f0 } c3 E. O& `2 T
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.! Q/ P: X$ v! `( @+ {1 z
注意3: 其他词汇$ P {: R1 A- y1 ~# W2 i; m6 W
(1) insurance fund 保险基金& m, F" Q* D! S$ U5 h7 X
(2) insurance company 保险公司
6 ]9 [9 `0 Z1 D# s" J# V (3) insurance contract 保险合同2 K" d6 K! h, v+ q! O3 v5 `
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
; U! E. |7 ?7 Y# n0 I/ ?' Z (5) insurance period 保险期限% R2 c0 k4 A }( v& u, S
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人2 h+ g# A6 e! I4 {9 U( U0 G
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人% A. w- d6 _5 I8 r' f
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
/ b7 `( B7 r3 d) O# z6 E% U. P (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同" ?" a( g* z# M2 T! e/ o E4 u i
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
$ L: M9 j2 R* l: ~* s2 O+ I9 t" \ (11) insurance premium 保险费
+ S7 G' a. H$ }3 \" f (12) full insurance 足额保险
7 q$ d6 b6 G6 M (13) marine insurance 海上保险
2 w4 ]% ]4 Z$ Y8 _* B8 X( t (14) cargo insurance 货物保险6 ] K" w* c+ } I# O/ O/ j
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)6 q" C6 C+ D7 T9 }0 V: O4 ?; Y! c; I T
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
* ^7 q. n0 l' F ~0 v (2) valued policy 定值保险单: F, F, d; I1 M, ~- k. d
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
: V- w( n. ]7 z( r* e; I 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)2 W7 J7 V' x8 T8 S; v* g, R
(1) rate of premium 保险费率* C/ T8 o% N; X/ g$ ~
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
8 E6 c# Q/ D8 Q8 q5 t& z% [( a! M 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
) A" S+ k0 P6 T' v- D 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保). v2 T& \- A! u9 L
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
, L9 K. X, L4 x v! f% ]9 p (损失不在我们承保范围内)
( M: T+ `. L/ n' ^. J. k2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
- u. B& I; w6 j8 n the insurer and the insured.句中:6 X4 ]: [! w9 F: ]# Q
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
+ e5 w# C' R! f8 T6 @: [8 O. [ 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有# H6 c5 T* b$ o& {! K- ]
以下几种情况:
6 N% D% X: s/ L- C& @ (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
4 J/ q' h9 }4 L) R$ H 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.9 a' Y( g: x7 u$ H
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.' N0 f+ R. i# G6 s, A E) V& {
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.0 _* C% a" ^: p1 q: J% {
例如: Eve left the room quietly. g1 b. W& b8 X4 m& w: Y
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.4 n( e9 Z; k2 b1 X8 e# _
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
/ M# b. Z2 Z/ T& Z% P5 ] (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
% L/ j J0 |! _ 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
9 l7 w; b, D/ J/ ?' N 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.3 N2 ?3 H% f; R
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.; b& S E6 e% M
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
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4 f8 @& l2 ^( N& |3. 句子:
5 b$ Y4 d1 D- o, i$ Q7 a The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, A- C3 S- K. @" R+ e! @$ t
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
- v3 _# J$ m7 }6 S) ]8 p! u; x 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
. e/ _! O1 `7 @2 N$ b! H meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:' I! B7 |9 z) |/ ^- h8 @
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)1 [; L& h0 R$ O
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 7 D, U% H: t t' [ l `6 t
return of the goods.
% ^' [2 K& T8 ?# L 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.4 m. |" z* T0 ?8 S
(2) 满足 (需要)' H# d% ^/ k- V& W& N8 k" ]
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
- n( ^1 c& g1 u" q; ? demand / your request for this type.7 t( e( j n' g1 n3 o
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.3 G6 f* G2 a8 c
3.2 consequence 后果2 y9 h+ p: J1 R) ]
3.3 certain 某个,某种.
0 }4 z9 V, B: j$ O" K- c( k2 G0 w 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)9 t! ]: J0 X, A) B
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
* i( i$ z2 i% G* G9 q 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内: g9 K1 t' u: _$ B
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)5 Q, J' e) V# E8 C: [8 [. z# ]
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
3 W0 m+ B v, a+ C% s* z. N 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
0 o3 z6 H# C9 B6 H; f! o* J( k; t 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件1 p/ b/ n& K) @5 B1 d
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的# |% ]; f- ]- i0 {2 C2 d$ v
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
& [) ]; r9 x. [' v4. 句子:
* j a# ~! v, v3 ~2 R2 r The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
& r7 S- ]( b3 Z# Z4 ~( W- O assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:8 q. E5 d2 ~" K
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
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进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中& J& v' v2 I1 S. l9 u/ |# O; s
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
9 J- ?& [; s+ }) k0 _5. 句子:
8 Z* b$ z- F( [3 L2 [ It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
9 i$ f) k) Q- y) c7 y& f broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the * ]: F( p& r& M* Q5 F+ f* q
owner.
0 M5 G3 e: |% i6 c) ?4 X" d2 p+ e4 p 我们把句子细拆就明白了:& W& Y" c1 t' E* m b
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
+ [; `) _0 K/ o+ e8 U2 W4 s owner of cargo.
& v7 q+ v. v/ g* Y2 ^, L O 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
, f$ n, s F/ W( ^5 k (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a / h# I: r. |# [: P
representative acting on behalf of the owner. C$ {8 T9 u s" d
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
, f1 ~" j0 |& {+ | V8 g; v# g2 p (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the . \ a# \) t7 _( M
owner of cargo. / V* F5 y; j8 T
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同., W. {/ Q% @4 e$ B
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a 9 E4 \* M' A% N6 @
representative acting on behalf of the owner. 8 x @/ @5 N6 f5 x
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.! y \9 G: [6 ?! F
6. 句子:
+ ]. M' ?$ a7 s' s In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to 7 W* I9 G* M h* n
insure the cargo in transit.
/ g. m K& `/ t1 H: \+ p 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
' G7 H" j; J: W' J 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的- p. m, _( f' x% q0 H1 \3 d
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7. 句子:
0 i' m7 l' n, z1 b( b' t1 C It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible 4 K* L7 {" T! W: [
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
2 }# m( d+ i' H* l3 b# l) t or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information + X' E2 Q* `8 \' X
when he is handling goods. ( g' i8 M+ @: f; B
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:! I. v8 [' t" S1 l, T( L
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.# K ~: y! U7 |% @' p
或者
2 P% ~, y; j p& L' E2 U7 ` it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
% i* E U( Y! W instructions or information when he is handling goods.* `4 F# y8 f2 ]' V' P8 D5 G
7.1
! N2 Y& ` O! A% k- t- Q it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.* p" l$ ]2 K# t1 V* A
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.) {2 r l# |0 O" P" h; f7 z' v
: C% r* r- A$ u9 P: m& H1 m 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.0 S2 _4 C) O$ m1 U, {
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,0 d" n1 _) N2 Z
主语就出来了,即:6 W* f2 P9 c8 H. F) i" i( e% U
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
! ?7 Z1 z/ L" a0 j1 a 同理,: M6 F/ O# X/ i( a6 ~8 F/ c
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it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
! Q/ K4 X+ U' M: ~6 m5 x instructions or information when he is handling goods. . O/ R: Q2 O3 t. W6 [4 _
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
2 {- Q, d( c/ G# p when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
6 k# [( L# [" [& Z 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
. `# l- t8 \. k) C 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.% S B/ _2 i# x) Y
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对% S/ P* ~) V' A. b. u' h
(2) handle的解释通常有:- } e( h5 }. X6 U+ U& P& J
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
& l' [! L; N- j5 h ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.# J8 z2 W% O) D3 g
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