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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
1 k# E F7 d i# {- U1 ?! N1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:3 k9 ?8 l2 r& T* B6 y) `0 ? E
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
9 c6 K0 L M- K2 [' b 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方): W" [4 w5 F: R: m# p1 k' k* q
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词/ r7 U. w- z1 t2 p4 V
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.8 X, ~5 w& u# e& F4 w& {* w5 G
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.6 K/ I9 J4 [" @
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
2 r% ~. j: [7 D$ A% N 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the / W" M8 S8 [+ ~7 I2 E
invoice cost.$ H; S8 {" P( B$ |$ P1 b1 w0 `
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
, E- @- o |, p0 B$ h0 \& m4 j9 { 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:, ?- [. o: L( z; x0 V9 X2 O
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
) }+ E( H/ W' z0 t1 n( y& C 110% of the invoice value+ Z! q& o! H6 B a1 y4 s. Z8 a1 K$ H
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
2 w2 h3 ~* P6 @5 h (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
0 _% J( z" X- f+ p 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
5 R7 | x+ u) {; K- w- ?& A+ D+ R, i: p 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
) \) h8 s% z$ h' ~" G1 R All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
5 `+ k9 `7 `+ w6 D1 {- i 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
8 T. d2 \, ?, Z) } 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …: K7 G5 \) @" [$ {! x
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,# m) y. ]) D; K! ^5 Z
解释“投保”
2 T+ Q6 L s9 U9 A0 D 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
- ]: \# N6 F6 s, r) J% f, k2 a& v 注意3: 其他词汇
2 L: J! ]" t7 B# J+ \7 f6 W (1) insurance fund 保险基金# S+ Q- ~7 r! d! m0 U
(2) insurance company 保险公司
0 ?5 W( i0 \6 v% x5 \* | (3) insurance contract 保险合同- F6 q2 j- x$ a$ z5 `1 ?
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款4 L5 j* y4 H9 ^
(5) insurance period 保险期限
3 ^. m) O6 S. C (6) insurance agent 保险代理人, I& c& _+ S! O, Y( U4 ~
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
1 u0 ~5 ~' V3 d& d+ P- R& i- P( a (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同6 R; m- K/ c" k4 b, d8 W0 `
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同, y( c' s) J6 c
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
$ l! F3 v1 I4 b0 {( Q' Q9 D" u! ] (11) insurance premium 保险费; j( U' ~7 ^$ o5 {& ?! Z
(12) full insurance 足额保险" e. ~) H$ [1 s4 H/ G, s2 T4 o
(13) marine insurance 海上保险/ ^3 t) W8 u* r- ^) Y* |* @* g
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险$ ~& B) p! G* k: F& u/ U' S! v
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
3 a+ a; X; ^" a/ d$ q (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期, W" Q M. K2 t$ z4 Q
(2) valued policy 定值保险单6 R0 I( h4 R0 P$ l% @; K% X
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单 [+ e% p; U, T( z! O% ~ h0 p
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
) b% C" s! ]% H0 {3 V (1) rate of premium 保险费率
6 F& @9 L7 u4 c1 L+ t4 I- l+ u (2) returns of premium 保险退费
' x/ `4 [( I* s7 N4 W* [% k. L5 R 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”; U! a) u3 T5 o0 I* a* ?
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
) q2 ]( K' h/ @ 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. & y* M; @- K) y4 p0 B. Z
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
/ @5 y1 E+ [9 ]4 P1 R& \" R8 _4 q2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely ! U( v, [3 U/ l* f2 z8 M
the insurer and the insured.句中:9 F) ~& |+ k# g2 @( B1 T4 C i
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词4 g0 H) f7 q' ^3 z/ v' ~
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
! n) M3 ^7 v- @- s 以下几种情况:1 B- Z, I) Y2 h6 O: _0 Z
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
4 U! h, S0 D+ v0 o& E7 D) I( m 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
5 q- k9 n, E; _/ a 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
9 v/ D. u3 \- a (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面." E9 }$ e' g8 C4 S. C% Y
例如: Eve left the room quietly.
2 R8 u4 P" \, V3 D# u (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
0 O- P }1 G7 } 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
) P9 R& \7 M, |8 h9 o (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,7 O0 X: R0 M L8 p% o
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
* s5 \$ g3 x5 h D 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
) [( c* {+ h: B4 w* ` 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.8 t0 d8 i- d& n: ~- j
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”/ ~( p3 r' b" Y% j
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3. 句子: . u7 w; c* R8 `* W
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
+ k% W6 y4 F/ G7 B- R- I within specified limits, that could befall the other party.' S8 v, B1 `6 ~
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
/ u4 ?/ R w2 H4 `; v meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:2 O: S3 a6 Z# } ?1 Z; F
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)" s4 ]8 |; ~# n2 C) {4 ^. b3 L n
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the ) t8 p, G, D$ F* e2 s1 u
return of the goods. # }# y* f7 m' R1 _) ]" v
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.3 s3 ?% Z0 T8 W8 k/ q' p! K( Y
(2) 满足 (需要); c" e4 @: {2 A8 l
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
) L, s2 ?1 ~) x/ o- o- g demand / your request for this type.
5 d3 b/ i F. P/ O0 o i5 K 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词., x: W n: L- f3 F" n) l6 t
3.2 consequence 后果
% I ]$ [3 }* O+ v& c: B# S 3.3 certain 某个,某种.7 G# D1 F0 F9 ?0 t" h
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
$ C/ d& n% M3 w u C4 d 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)% \' E+ y. I7 e# z B
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
1 l3 H& m% p, w% T5 w W 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
- a% E4 i' {# ?8 j' \( t- A, `* u 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中; L% U' [) k. m: j
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” ; t/ ~8 |% A* Z1 |
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
, L1 \: {+ z3 v- ~% z 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的% I( C! F9 x* A, |3 x! s8 o2 I
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.2 O: H- O0 }9 M+ v+ y8 Q+ X* j) r
4. 句子:
5 [6 {* h* h0 ?8 ^) m8 P, U A The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial x7 B/ p: G- q8 T* n& B
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
0 T3 o) z' A- R! y& P9 i secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得5 F" f4 M1 L4 y' Z1 f" T
& N( C% z% J+ x N' ~) w1 p
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
) c, p5 \2 r" L+ E6 A) A' I 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.( E9 z" Q8 p) _. {
5. 句子:
1 W3 L- v# U1 }1 p. A% [5 s8 l It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
( {; ^* I) P9 h0 u8 O$ d broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
/ P, C+ V+ U' M: Q. d c3 I owner.7 d) U& s/ N" J0 R5 q$ G& `
我们把句子细拆就明白了:
2 U" v: u5 Q9 J, W7 J9 d- k9 [ (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
: c4 T' Q5 u" p0 ` owner of cargo.
, i& Z* A1 ~0 h) R3 u 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
, y; N- W# I' A9 p$ Q! S, e; N. k (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
( \9 u; f- k2 P8 `- O; L representative acting on behalf of the owner.
. H+ L6 U8 H" ^; n( [5 b 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.# S4 c( [! D. s
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
" R X8 {* b9 r owner of cargo.
- t: b! v) _7 Z& x4 n) q 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
* G/ V. D+ w, t. U (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a 1 O1 W" ?( \1 \
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
+ _7 y) I2 A9 M1 d) V% g4 ] 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
4 l9 ]( \) X( B( w# G# C9 M6. 句子:
6 t! V Q) b0 r" I! t In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
: F* l, B& i `, O* b2 q- `+ g4 h! W insure the cargo in transit.3 B8 d5 i- U/ Z/ u+ n9 H1 e
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
( k2 Z F/ {4 p: ^ 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的# |! J5 K! j; ^" k) \
0 |) e1 d* c, j3 A0 l7 }" C6 z
7. 句子:2 X1 g% M# `8 r% J# q" p) a1 s
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible 4 t! y2 Q; V1 |
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
; x5 X. P4 O$ ` or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information 9 A+ h0 f- b3 O, h8 ~
when he is handling goods.
* p4 \# r) n3 V0 F4 i4 Z 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
' y* M, h/ a/ s( H it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
- ]# {: {" M7 ~+ R) \, f- [ R" ` 或者 1 L) u4 J$ [" n# Y: B) i3 u" x
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such 1 ^; H8 i7 ?+ \
instructions or information when he is handling goods. Y! d& X9 C! H* v
7.1- O2 q, _, F) e6 T7 f
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.* O4 \% o1 A2 q: c7 f/ \& w
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.+ T _8 @7 ^- G9 o" Q9 ?
( A% P6 l: q* [ 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.8 A( j$ R2 Q* H% t2 D7 Z# _4 M( }% S
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
$ k1 N& x1 @9 p 主语就出来了,即:8 Y' E5 B' U" P) ]* [9 O
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
0 v; Z: g, x: G6 E# z/ a G: ]( R 同理,
& r! v6 l# K. u% b 7.2
, d$ B! _/ P# R& o7 ~( w it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
& ~0 b& P. T/ I! @5 N; @$ e3 T instructions or information when he is handling goods.
9 s2 R5 q/ [( j' I4 t4 K+ i = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information 8 ] S% i5 } S2 m
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.- [% ]" q& w9 O+ c: V
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
5 S- \6 O/ S+ f/ c$ O" ? 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.* {2 u [0 s% I6 q+ R
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对 V8 T" A2 q9 x- k) Z5 _7 y9 w
(2) handle的解释通常有:
( D2 G2 ^3 i! g* V- r1 m4 K ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
5 c/ g) o" ?& i+ \! q+ r k ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.+ X2 l0 z. N9 }) V+ ^# y8 _
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