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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
( l9 p$ `) o N* g1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
- T) r/ M. P# _+ O# y4 f$ e* | 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
, A. e$ p' q: v 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
6 _; e ?# K% X& `) g- i e* U 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
3 g, E4 P1 Q5 E 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.- t& Y) C2 I) o
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
/ v( {: u% U; x; K9 k1 t 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales, }( {8 y. ]1 R9 E2 ]" n
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
: |5 X; T3 B$ k1 M4 H$ ~9 i4 V invoice cost.: t3 U6 y s+ y2 n
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.9 B }3 I$ `+ @
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
* i% J! Z* o8 O: E0 [- F (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 6 j o! z& f4 _1 k, K; `4 t
110% of the invoice value: |# W& U! U! @0 z- Z
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
2 f! N+ n) a' q (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost- u- A9 m$ b4 G
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词$ M2 s: s& ~2 E
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
. G t# a0 L3 m7 W! R9 h g5 \ All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC./ b' j8 ?( W4 |+ S [$ E+ K
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.: L- S. ?/ h6 q, z
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
3 l0 x, A: u6 |, e 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,$ S2 ~% e9 k2 F% Z& s
解释“投保”5 s" U" R( l0 G4 S- A
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks./ M8 K, |/ D5 h( n: [3 i
注意3: 其他词汇4 d! ^4 z6 q- g, k4 |( {7 O% X
(1) insurance fund 保险基金
7 b) @8 C( J- z O6 e2 Y5 ] (2) insurance company 保险公司' ~. E: {, B. t
(3) insurance contract 保险合同5 N% H- d' i C
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款& l. r# f9 E! q
(5) insurance period 保险期限% j$ ?. {3 k; L2 |7 S. Q7 p
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人
8 R6 S! L. A I4 D H (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
2 [& L, s$ N5 }' u, Y8 }' G (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
7 W" p. I$ g+ A( ?) p) r& f (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同5 t: f0 ^% _( i, X1 C
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
* Z0 s* R A# L (11) insurance premium 保险费; y4 d, i* h/ Q0 h5 S* M
(12) full insurance 足额保险
/ M R" S) @1 d. V7 a (13) marine insurance 海上保险
- Q# w) Y* x x% s2 `+ V (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
% F: g+ [$ q: u0 q! [( P 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)0 ^- n% P- Y/ t, A$ z2 y
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期 G7 z7 K) a3 T" {2 O
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
( U2 j' w# ~3 _' D% m! C W p; E (3) voyage policy 航次保险单$ O$ k: y5 v% Y7 y d
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium). K- y1 ^% l% t2 X
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
8 k! P! A- i, X6 n (2) returns of premium 保险退费
R6 z+ \8 k- X. y% u, |; p 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”) i7 X# T$ U5 X3 d& a6 ~7 {
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)1 @* ^4 P; j* `# x
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 7 x; l/ X$ K; h# i
(损失不在我们承保范围内)3 i: Q0 w& k$ L
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely . W* ]: ]/ z4 o6 ~/ ?: z
the insurer and the insured.句中:: Z% V) N8 A8 c$ ], g. q% }% y1 o& [
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词: \* b+ N* @% z8 b; T! ]$ j
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有8 d3 U9 _; Z# A: u" V
以下几种情况:# _* d# C0 ^" Q6 M6 ?7 O# K& o# k8 F
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
7 A. E0 S& h6 O! D1 ^: ` 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
* x1 S, ^6 Z" X2 P5 |. g1 M0 T 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.% @+ n% ~6 o/ W7 r: j* R& k7 Z
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
* L# s8 H2 c- I- a7 x5 { 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
! ^7 X" ^4 ^. ]% Q M' w (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
6 C5 A% s) s" {& l8 N8 ?- O# s6 g 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
: \+ _5 i9 c2 S- g8 p (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
, `% k3 s2 k) V, |5 j3 ~ 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首% t$ M# ^! I( o7 E. T8 \9 G1 {8 B
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.& q% n! ]3 i+ _4 y: M1 t, g
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.5 T L; m5 P+ Q6 T# L9 x
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”0 q7 ^" s. B# o+ T3 c9 c: E
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3. 句子:
7 {: k/ L* B9 K3 f) G, k) s0 G$ Y The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, / c! h& n* O% ^4 d
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
- G$ u; D& v$ A9 u: j% R. C 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events $ [! |& z( l5 w2 d/ B
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
9 w/ `8 d# Q1 Z) |3 C/ z (1) 负担 (责任,费用)3 l( J" k4 x' B6 N
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the % H2 m' b( r$ E: }
return of the goods.
( i8 p1 ?7 O& U' L 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
6 R6 M% |: k# \' C (2) 满足 (需要)
0 F- ?" I3 t0 p- P! E8 X9 G/ w+ a9 | 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
& w8 f- H) t; b# _1 A4 b4 C demand / your request for this type.1 |+ ?4 q8 ?" e7 Y5 I5 i
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词. E3 F$ z: C1 L; G% \
3.2 consequence 后果- w y$ A% @4 f' I, C
3.3 certain 某个,某种./ K" `7 D. {: w7 `# d2 F, m3 u
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
- e: ]) l) b& ?4 { 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
& |- v3 i3 ]3 o 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
$ D; h' ~& f0 w1 o+ i# E 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
' Y. I8 |& K# ~! d9 R 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
; I* i8 J- O9 I. z; T+ @6 L- H 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” ' ^& D. s, K% R/ x1 a
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件1 r5 {& o2 a$ u* G* w( I+ S" @
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
6 N: K& A. L' ?2 ?* f) k 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
- S7 [$ e5 _! x3 R4. 句子:
2 o( r5 m3 c$ f, C/ } m* A1 |1 b The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial 9 [6 s) w0 Q+ f- A8 k
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:2 T% m# s: ^- E* f: k, e
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
: p+ [) U T b9 Y0 e 9 ?# z6 |" O r& y3 {
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中- j* F/ N. X$ b+ ^( {
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
" h: K( B! Y7 u- u% w2 p. g5. 句子: - {% f8 n, t1 c
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 2 c# a% t: w, C( |8 \
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
' R$ v( h! A. o owner.
& u M, [+ o- B: v 我们把句子细拆就明白了:7 u' X3 u9 ~$ _7 S
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
/ g5 I9 g2 J6 R/ W owner of cargo. , c# c9 H: u7 B" K( M: j8 k3 v3 j
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
& _2 p+ |2 W: A) r4 ? (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a % H! ]" M* T* R' |/ M, P
representative acting on behalf of the owner. $ N( d3 f1 i+ k& a5 X
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.2 }1 k1 h+ M4 o/ ~- c) N
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the , r! P/ Y ^4 v j5 W! W) E% Q
owner of cargo.
" O" `6 T v$ L 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.3 D, `. X- B i0 @ W" l2 e
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
9 x2 ^/ ]/ \4 L' ?7 X" k representative acting on behalf of the owner.
, B" j# x( d9 A 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.# x- _. j1 |4 Z
6. 句子:) w4 n* G6 I" p& X! ?1 P) x- G
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
& b0 C/ B _! B- x* T! ` insure the cargo in transit./ a. B2 x* U) w7 I1 l4 K+ g; a
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…/ o' r8 V7 Q0 M! ?/ l
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的# B' v! V. Q1 T
/ {- |5 d* o/ E0 R! |" T! F" Q7. 句子:8 o! h- @: [. ?
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
) t; ^: ^1 I" h& s) s- D and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo 2 M0 I6 g1 g2 ~; |2 D
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
. ^& T" G( T) s: M6 K0 q: L when he is handling goods.
9 _* ]3 ^, a0 A 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:2 k' F" u" j6 P- I# f, [
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.$ J* \" f! p6 [
或者 2 [6 j8 t- p6 R0 {# y
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such ' w/ z1 s* T0 l7 c: j8 P) I. [
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
% x* `1 j# T: o. y. q8 U' J 7.16 u3 e, H0 _ y6 X8 L9 K8 @' d
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.; ~& j$ h) D5 z4 S3 w! X6 A E) Q
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
- d+ Q8 t6 [+ o: O0 H& T, D# [ $ F# h: h6 D- n3 _, s/ {3 i
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
2 Y) }2 N& D1 O: L 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
2 a: e+ V: `3 V' H" L. U; q 主语就出来了,即:( A5 A2 N7 ~" [0 c# B5 a
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
* v- ~$ }9 B. R' e 同理,! U1 L& t4 G9 [8 E/ Y
7.2 y# v9 a5 w* c# w* l
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such % ^( l9 y8 I! s1 S
instructions or information when he is handling goods. - g1 N9 A9 {7 |. W# J& d& }$ ?
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
3 ^& x# t. M) I/ o p% H, N; _ when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
; `+ S6 o f. A" i) ] 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
1 u9 f) C x9 f 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.% Y5 C7 G5 W5 ^$ i8 y# D e
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对, a6 z2 P' Z5 p* ?; C, M
(2) handle的解释通常有:5 k7 X8 F! M8 Q) s
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
5 y/ R: J4 h/ X: T5 L+ z3 T+ ~ ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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