|
|
Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
/ o" E* ?+ V( A) e* b- d) N* V/ p+ h1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:% w7 P0 T" x) {
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司); j' y, H/ ^: p9 B# r- B
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
7 u( U7 Y# J! N3 i 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词7 e0 M) I) j8 r( p
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
; W- t0 _/ Z# L' D4 M. l2 W5 m: L: b 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
4 h& ?5 \ B- U' `3 p3 X 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
3 Q, d6 n. M8 k 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the ( Z* ~( K3 I# q( U9 @; e( Z0 M
invoice cost.4 I( ]$ M( I5 ]
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
9 b& D% E2 e* j2 f 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:7 w" ^4 y; {9 w( X$ Z* [: j* Q4 |5 q
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
$ A7 L* `0 C t) f" t4 y 110% of the invoice value
, d: F9 O. F. H3 ~4 p: n (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
+ i6 ]4 }0 ~: j _+ d5 e+ N' ?1 [ (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost4 f3 K- t8 g% T# C! J
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词0 U2 \. C x* ~2 h
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
% ~" H% J. x# z. D5 g- | All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
! }- D) C% {: {) U, F D; X9 | 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.6 e5 o5 Q, K% E% `. b- z, l" z
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
& G4 U8 ^! l1 H2 \ 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
& a6 [1 W" T( a- k! w- j 解释“投保”; y J, |( r* W8 c4 x; I( F
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
5 j N/ f7 c a! r) k1 q 注意3: 其他词汇1 T8 @2 _% z% A7 P
(1) insurance fund 保险基金/ n2 |, s& n. M2 g
(2) insurance company 保险公司
9 _6 {. {( r& o2 R (3) insurance contract 保险合同4 o" R% ]$ p/ {( G% ?
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
2 m! [ i5 q7 I; j (5) insurance period 保险期限
1 c7 z1 z1 u) z" X& m/ A (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
3 @0 S B% ^1 q (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
8 p$ W: a4 g4 N5 }' j7 l) s (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
z; e- |' N+ e% l' @' V# B (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同3 f) Y* X- q9 F" x3 I; S# \
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
7 @" Y& T$ ?) r6 M( Z) y( ^ (11) insurance premium 保险费
3 b& H" R. S9 X: J7 f (12) full insurance 足额保险$ }( D; h6 d) u+ V9 u) e0 I2 D
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
0 U q( h7 E- h( Y( ] (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
0 v4 k& |2 K, c 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)" G) A- I- ^# t: D
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
- z- B( V# O8 h" z# J6 F/ \ T( W (2) valued policy 定值保险单 k8 O# [$ |' \7 J; o7 z8 S
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
8 R" r9 \# W; @- y+ Q3 | 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
$ P. `: m! C8 }8 S (1) rate of premium 保险费率
" M- b1 q. }4 Z" k (2) returns of premium 保险退费4 h. S7 w2 o3 q. m# X% Y3 V7 R
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”9 t4 z: ]$ ]: W5 r& \9 r: J0 h8 O( O
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)9 A1 u6 z9 C% Y1 r
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 5 G5 b: y& \& x5 h
(损失不在我们承保范围内)& ~* ^7 C/ ~1 V3 o) T& H
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely ) |; e3 p* m, z! M3 V {
the insurer and the insured.句中:4 j7 i' l; }2 {! Q5 Z' k. \
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
6 f3 g8 `+ ]) M+ g" m 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
) [% b& w9 G. B* e. F: J 以下几种情况:
0 G& ]7 ~& |" w (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外, H( D' @. Z6 d3 m) O( A
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
& j# ]: Q; ~( A% { ?' d, |) b 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
* ~; }$ w" G1 `6 G6 e (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
8 X' a- P) V/ G) u1 W 例如: Eve left the room quietly.. q$ t0 R' S$ s0 z
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
K1 H; h$ }! O, z5 \2 x3 k 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.8 a' ~( E) ~& t- V
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,4 \( P2 U5 k0 C3 o1 \. x o* o6 B
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
, b h- L% S* p 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
0 A4 }' }# H& N, S1 B9 L 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
! G! Z1 _+ i8 ^5 l( N 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”. ^" `) A: T4 m. f3 C5 d
4 n' ~! O6 w' o
3. 句子: 6 S8 s+ r9 c# f$ u, {$ J
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
" G& f; O1 c! C within specified limits, that could befall the other party.4 n& x/ I2 m( ~% T6 X% o
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
I: H' f! y+ _# b/ T meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:: _) p0 y. k) P/ Z5 j8 X3 w
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
# G. `: C, E/ W 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 0 \# `1 |% z }7 v! D& ?
return of the goods. 3 }9 `7 U9 d1 v# \$ G
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
$ o& F& X e4 ?9 X1 ~ Y (2) 满足 (需要)6 b; _% Z% U) L U; r% }
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current : }+ d/ c- q. o3 e+ K
demand / your request for this type., [ F4 `5 j3 `! ]
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.6 L( J6 ~. S% ~& v, V2 i
3.2 consequence 后果
' t: ~( X: @8 W- R* r8 ? 3.3 certain 某个,某种.3 I. E& Z$ l0 o" S
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)- s- S# {: W! q/ V4 m
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)+ d( _% d9 V( ~; G2 w. t
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内0 ]; `+ t7 e1 A7 K! `, x1 q
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)9 q$ Y9 j; r. D5 g- q. a g" e
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
- E& d3 O% S- s( y% [7 m+ b; i G9 S 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
( r! t: h: \# C 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件; `" L6 R2 o3 F# P3 x& i" n- A
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的' `& I( v: g5 T* |; J o9 s
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.2 [/ ~! \+ k% G# f4 c
4. 句子:
! _, b6 a% @7 Q9 P* n The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
/ l3 k' f1 b$ Q$ ] assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:8 |* K% q& J3 R$ z, C' _
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得3 v, d/ x! u2 e2 K0 O
5 }. L0 Q5 J4 A3 l 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中" J; l3 H( ]" a3 t& ^5 v
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.' k0 z2 K$ M; B! O$ _ Z
5. 句子: . @$ W$ E2 ]; s$ c5 a1 [' ?
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 9 z$ Z, f6 B9 ^9 _5 X
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
) A2 g5 ^ z) ~* i) i" m1 J+ r owner.
' L4 w! @! R% Y& b; \ 我们把句子细拆就明白了:' `4 Q% }% w$ E& |, X4 K
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
3 ?* e. [7 z& a) O( y owner of cargo.
, T" t F6 l# r2 E7 Q; E 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同., ?! o: y% R, r' h8 a7 U- o
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a , @; D! o. C8 q0 T
representative acting on behalf of the owner. 4 T" {* G* ^: q3 G
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
- v+ Z3 t& }3 w, {2 X' K3 l3 F (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
; v6 M8 H- b& _- ^+ W+ p4 C owner of cargo.
1 K4 K3 Z. R9 a; p/ I2 d8 F% {! Z 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
0 B! N( I+ P3 w0 |# e! p (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
* @) C. [4 H8 L0 m, E5 p representative acting on behalf of the owner.
" F" V2 `$ a- ]4 A 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.' A$ b$ C0 f2 ^" f
6. 句子:1 i) P& F* E5 } O# Z- n) n
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
% P( { X) [7 ]6 _& w insure the cargo in transit.
" P1 ^" t, S& i, F9 j 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…0 p2 B& u1 z6 I
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的" T% L3 R% ^/ s3 G
% c( O8 \$ s7 s) O- D
7. 句子:
$ Y2 R: ^. A6 D$ `% L6 q1 Y# [ It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible ; B: e, z2 `- _$ G$ X
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
, s5 I4 c- W: g/ k: w' o, |: H or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
4 Z7 d W) T# a8 }% D) h when he is handling goods. G! u% j3 u& F' o$ A
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
. A+ V# y5 [4 z/ D4 L# k0 k$ T it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
1 Q+ X2 l7 H- @3 h5 B { 或者 j9 Y) y8 U9 Y! x4 i
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such / z. _+ g3 m/ K, _$ o: ]" a
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
6 B6 d- l1 c4 E5 Z 7.1" N. R J: S* }+ v7 T
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.; D1 R1 Q5 w4 \& Q1 E8 K
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.! @9 g, C& p4 ~6 n8 W/ J7 M- ?
( ~3 V& v) G$ r I7 o% y7 G B 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.! U- k3 z: E6 [2 K4 A
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
6 i. H9 N& h4 J' K2 |) f 主语就出来了,即:. J% w6 x7 q: ~- B
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, ' Q% Z7 [+ G; P/ H
同理,
$ u9 N) D+ ^( _6 v# R8 [- x0 r) m 7.2
6 S( n( ?% B4 H1 c' D' Y9 A it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such % q6 P: t. [1 u6 j* k
instructions or information when he is handling goods. ' c. t0 X, e! I% U
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
$ e) v& N) k! i/ ~+ C) k when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.' m9 P( l' }8 |4 v! w
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候," m: u/ E, d _7 H1 @. K
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
6 R, d: V' D: F (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对5 e' s! k' t: V7 y
(2) handle的解释通常有:; z3 Z1 v/ F2 `" Z
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
$ K# h0 f1 ?1 J ~8 S/ ~; n ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
) N2 q) {3 U, @: _* {8 t" x ]& X; h
|
|