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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
/ K) Y3 J/ u/ G8 D$ c1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
! L) _* d! l/ ` `3 \3 i2 N 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
) D$ ~9 j2 q y4 {7 N 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
' |( { o( x6 K- e; A1 k8 x 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
. R b& w" d$ I: U2 T6 w 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.1 g8 `/ r0 X# k: H/ Q9 k4 W
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.& Q; k/ E# Z1 v
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales* `+ @8 |. I" V1 n9 ~8 ?2 U! U
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the ! q& \5 ]6 v. x
invoice cost.* |4 [. V9 F( ^1 [
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
: ~* u1 A$ C7 y8 p" E [- v( l9 q4 `( a 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:7 \, E( Q: T8 Q. r$ Y1 h4 H+ s6 c
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
1 ]$ K! d S; r: \ 110% of the invoice value
5 K& o9 U6 T' ?5 ]/ @; H% u+ F (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
* Y" F2 k& r2 r7 `' c5 }" i (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
4 I% G4 \3 f2 V' ?& H# I8 | 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词- Q# W/ P% Z9 D* x8 B* \. S6 z
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against B4 e+ N: }5 S$ b# J3 I; |
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.( m8 X9 l+ {0 e( p) R* B6 K
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
) w# ?& B; _1 a7 p q- v. p 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
- X& ^) {2 f+ i1 S- _ 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
: `( L% a4 q$ ~ a" y 解释“投保”
. v% E- a' w( f% A 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.: m f7 ^( x. f5 ?
注意3: 其他词汇
/ i) K! M! E3 w# |+ w (1) insurance fund 保险基金
+ w, W$ e6 Q$ M8 e (2) insurance company 保险公司
# K6 \' T, _! v; i. N0 w (3) insurance contract 保险合同! ^7 z Z$ W* n% l; |. h4 ]
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款2 @& J+ v) `. x/ s2 m4 g; k
(5) insurance period 保险期限1 L0 [* ^5 b) s5 l& V
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人: t# I$ `/ k! y+ h ~
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
3 t2 r* O; R7 M, z# J e2 e (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
; s0 P" X: p% C6 i4 s. ^ (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同9 ]2 D- O. A: y7 I+ u; ?0 y8 g
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
, q6 m+ ]9 E8 H& d7 \4 i (11) insurance premium 保险费
9 o# \7 G: J7 L& u (12) full insurance 足额保险 G# K0 w I% p3 g( U( K, J7 E
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
0 r4 a( e/ F: E) O (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
- F& F1 i* U' B; ^( _ 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
; Y" r# c% k7 K$ y, L+ b (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期& B/ e7 O$ T f& ^- j3 m+ N
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
2 B& l Q# d, t0 n8 q (3) voyage policy 航次保险单
; J# f5 g5 y X/ O' ~' H. k 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)+ R5 y6 o8 }/ q$ z( v4 ^" j8 J
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
' {- e2 v# |! ] (2) returns of premium 保险退费
. O! [$ }' q* b% ?3 [ `* f+ | 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”1 o: \) W/ n' h; q
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
" J* t. ^+ d: T- t 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. : ^& E* Z- L8 P' ?" E) A
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
7 N! B) W6 B3 n; _2 S- O& L: e J5 q% T' p2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely " v8 s! k2 e0 A7 K' A! M/ d
the insurer and the insured.句中:! G3 d3 ]$ ?4 Y: F
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词
$ B( d b- H8 V& ~% Y. j: q& x 副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
/ V) R2 H! [ M' `7 @1 J% l 以下几种情况:' O. H) C) E( U
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外. ^7 W3 D @4 @: J4 n q
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
5 i) K: o$ F8 H 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
* \8 j) x# {5 X2 J (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
* I, m, h9 m, ^' ~3 h5 B 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
1 S. O, p# h& R8 \/ i$ ?% d (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开. {% l2 u7 F9 U( f
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent., o v$ x! m- T- N. J9 i c8 b% Y% R
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,1 x t: W9 n4 o6 c
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首5 x( b% o& V- J" W' P
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.0 a+ Y) M$ Q. l$ R0 z
课文中的例子属于第四种情况. W/ F+ K' Z% l9 t$ a; o
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”$ j* [( f# ~, ?; F8 a' i+ q. r
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3. 句子:
/ @1 v) R4 I4 |5 u1 D* M7 s The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, ) _4 m( t) F# z; U
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
3 _5 q: ?7 s: N/ d4 l5 ] 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
( k/ i5 u( y* x1 G; m4 z0 f. ?7 @ meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:% L& P; v' n5 k# {- y
(1) 负担 (责任,费用) H! z% T) [$ ]1 L* [' M0 c
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the . _4 O$ H; r* ^5 [
return of the goods.
) ^5 L2 x" O6 h 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.8 n1 L$ e H- m' o
(2) 满足 (需要) g3 c( F7 Y7 {
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
* x0 R) |* e d demand / your request for this type.) G0 c4 v% S6 w6 {3 w
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
+ Q& N' g. U- F! T2 [ 3.2 consequence 后果
- x- x: k% [' |, H' W1 P1 }) Q7 c 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
% X4 u& ?. l: O+ @9 E 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
6 S- u3 n0 p7 s) T/ w 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)' |& o1 u4 H$ J8 g- O# s+ q5 K* l
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
7 I+ b- [* E: [ 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)2 _5 m- Q& z# v) l0 e9 D
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
# Q: I) G9 W2 D( |% j 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
9 R0 u L' @" o; q# q 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件) b4 i* C. i, \" c0 w
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
$ l. H. f, [! ^5 n 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
& t& D! |& e: v5 g4. 句子:
$ r0 K" }! J) o/ [ m3 z The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial 3 O- F2 m/ v3 O
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
+ E3 x# D1 n. Z4 k& T( O secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
% }/ _" q2 Q8 Z+ h3 e 4 o _) H7 }. `: r' G3 y
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
2 u% |& H8 H/ N I% c. e2 O* u 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
) F0 g2 E- K+ K* r5. 句子: 5 \- l% w/ o9 k6 T$ h; s/ Q3 p
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
% g9 v6 I1 ~5 H; w1 P# A# R broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the " ?' d; e2 U2 l+ _( b( P, w; B
owner.
( O, a. o* Y6 d) ^9 K* B t' r& C2 T 我们把句子细拆就明白了:, B6 y( g4 W; P# o" T
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the / ~2 `1 D" c! n0 i. w; o) O
owner of cargo. 2 w# a1 `* _' X6 I
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.) I6 H. b5 D0 o2 m
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a ) K& A! Z6 ?# z$ G& W5 Z5 F" J9 X
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
5 `% p$ D$ b% T1 q9 i- m& G 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
$ N" t/ F: V& x+ ?7 W# I' B4 V) ? (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
- } T# F/ v6 l8 M X$ N# J owner of cargo. 6 `, V% t( q* z: Q: W" `% X
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
3 m9 R* |2 L) q1 c1 ~5 l (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
( W7 K0 V: `( { representative acting on behalf of the owner.
$ D' h+ x0 z5 i, C4 o2 ^; m9 a m 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.# v0 O; J8 U. b) F Y: c0 `
6. 句子:9 r. t! S$ W; s3 ?) P1 s
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
8 a3 v9 s7 G' {9 u2 ?4 ] insure the cargo in transit.1 z6 N) q! j# }0 e0 c
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
% X- ]2 m4 V$ [ 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的) S! k: C5 T$ E
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7. 句子:7 Z O% w G# x' O' \
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
) N3 t3 B& f& g2 a7 X( X and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
+ }4 K0 B7 S2 ^/ i R or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
% F& f. G% T% E3 S' O when he is handling goods. ! ~' d9 V5 r" U3 B; f
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
2 ~* T* C9 B q" t it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
; E, f0 T1 g8 g8 Y; p 或者
% Q- K' d7 m) Z' ]: h) Y3 K8 | it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
% G' X( B5 ^+ \' o3 \8 K instructions or information when he is handling goods.
6 d9 a* B0 W1 ?6 S 7.1
+ _8 h: d: Z2 Y* i it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
2 `' w1 r9 W% T8 d6 W | = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.# k/ ^& w! d/ B& i, \' }
1 [8 i7 z' Y3 P 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.1 m' u7 w: R- w. e0 D" Y
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,9 r5 q" L# G9 B" P: Y; w- y! c7 A
主语就出来了,即: P( I/ q0 X; x- b& H& f, m
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
2 Z: Y' P( |& P4 W( f: w/ s9 l 同理,- Q( c) d1 ]5 a v
7.2
& _& v6 S( V5 l it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such 0 }7 \; G" \# d. \. @
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
+ O" a% u/ _2 p! ?, Y- o- ~ = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
( C: ~3 k. A5 ^ when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.. Q, }; Y4 M- [% D- Q
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
3 O6 N! m( l4 {' V 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
) n9 X$ Z. `& n/ A3 a (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对* U) u6 Y0 b. m8 r7 @4 C% E( m
(2) handle的解释通常有:
' W$ i1 T: b9 K$ U ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
y3 E' T6 k1 n9 ^& W. m2 h ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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