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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance/ v0 t2 _4 z" x! \) c/ ]
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:5 h6 w8 e( l/ h! f& G
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
6 r4 f1 Q' ~% y3 f7 V \8 ~, [( U 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)" H" b& M6 w& a. g' `* W: h2 k/ U
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
- T7 a/ [& C& ^ 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales./ E' \, Z! {6 | u
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.2 H1 u5 Q; [ _: G8 S* o- C1 |
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales8 b/ t2 U$ P" M6 Q+ L+ z9 \3 t
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the 4 v5 C' H9 u: n' R" O) I t& C! H
invoice cost.- I: V% ]& i, P3 m+ ^8 D: @4 g
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.. K# A3 z& a M1 d) J
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:( T' I' z& E; }& t2 I
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
+ V% W, X, V( E1 S" C' Q 110% of the invoice value8 u6 k l' T3 {+ H$ b" I9 \
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
' x7 X" m) G' Z6 u" }8 d (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
2 e4 J! e3 z Y" I! G 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词! a4 g7 w- O. z9 L4 D h r
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against - t& ~7 U5 i3 Q( }% a0 {
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.& M" G% K5 T C) `' }3 J
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.$ j6 N4 q3 K' J# V& D! T" m
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
q1 R2 }+ J2 C 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
, V* @2 o' K) P& V7 S 解释“投保”
8 d, n" Z4 c1 W5 k 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.9 C. k6 g( h3 D9 D1 q$ d
注意3: 其他词汇0 }( r9 [ P/ F+ Q
(1) insurance fund 保险基金% Y1 r. d W$ E. J
(2) insurance company 保险公司. t+ e; P1 A, \8 D# m0 I1 t
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
/ o( @" f1 e- {8 H0 H- S% O (4) insurance clauses 保险条款0 r/ q" R" f& s$ B1 u4 k
(5) insurance period 保险期限& l: i2 A; N( f9 `' P: \
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人2 Y( \- |0 _ N2 |7 O. g/ I8 d* j
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人* H+ T o+ K3 q U& t% p2 p( W" z
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同: l8 E5 B% l+ s4 ~4 L; D9 f7 j/ n
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同5 t, m) D: [" M) J: M
(10) insurance amount 保险金额7 J& p; b# k- H, X- w
(11) insurance premium 保险费
6 x9 m+ i# S. R, M$ H (12) full insurance 足额保险$ `+ Z N) Z7 I- G
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
+ D- c7 f! ]+ x y9 E (14) cargo insurance 货物保险2 Z% p, E/ a" R* f5 t, n# K# r
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
8 ]9 ?9 F: S+ X/ }8 K4 I (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期0 }+ Q, J3 w) H e O
(2) valued policy 定值保险单5 v9 }& Y) O) K6 a {
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单% E& p C! W" ~; c
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)! G! S ?- F3 Y% _5 m
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
2 }; J# q. a) {1 Z) e. b: V+ s (2) returns of premium 保险退费
0 G3 |0 _# J5 D! ~: H& m7 f' f) a 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
! Q, Y6 `* e! L 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)8 a' z5 }" t& ?. _
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. - E( K7 Q0 F+ j+ t' L$ d
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
. K4 w) h# q. B2 `* @2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely * z/ _' j- j. } V5 ]" n3 B
the insurer and the insured.句中:# p1 q9 ~( d+ s3 Z5 O
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词, F' N& k8 E$ p- b5 z, _6 r3 F
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有) x( H- Y1 p% }$ d, M* ^( {, ]$ l
以下几种情况:+ n1 o; M! n! p0 c8 R1 ^
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
- I- C% A2 Z! O% @: z 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
. k0 H6 e: K- i% m( E 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
# j) m7 m- `/ u2 H% g- \; k( o; i" K (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
, J& b/ B8 |$ O6 W/ B9 |9 l 例如: Eve left the room quietly.6 j/ W* x: L7 H5 U0 v/ ~
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.( Q* P+ k q( Y( A. }
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.1 E! ], d, q( L
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,1 t5 V8 S! ~3 F- Q
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
: \9 H: c/ i0 B" H& C& E* ` 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见. J$ m! G* _9 i- J
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.+ |7 l3 \$ g: B6 C- V; C
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”- M0 X: ^/ i% C% j- X3 S
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3. 句子:
& n4 K1 o, e! i' _ The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
& ^3 ~7 C; T/ L within specified limits, that could befall the other party.9 P7 d7 n# N* S1 D9 c, W
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
9 m- P$ T& O+ i- j' s+ u meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:7 J8 g5 Z6 \) E' b* u
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
' S. V+ |5 ^* I- x. Z- P7 b! M) | 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the + J7 a3 |9 D: l# ?& [; y
return of the goods.
. |5 a8 h! @; E: d* f3 E 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
. Z U6 Z1 _) a5 L. B/ G& k; z (2) 满足 (需要)6 x. Q+ N8 O! g1 F8 g
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current " D2 s/ B! d# s, r
demand / your request for this type.
& ^6 ^, c3 E2 Q1 I! R 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.7 _ t1 a! H3 v8 C) p
3.2 consequence 后果
! i+ z$ z) k z7 k 3.3 certain 某个,某种.$ k, P" u# B5 D' g
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)7 O) k) D! H5 m% m/ ~6 R
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
, T; n/ ]; }( Q/ {+ E) \/ W 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
: y: f- R* p' z1 B4 S+ n 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
: O( ^( W; O+ q9 v% x 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中/ j: V: \: x: [7 j6 k8 Z4 p
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” 3 y. c) N+ V# d- ~ n$ s
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
0 P ^+ m4 E! M" C4 G" I 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
/ a, q: @5 v& x# V; P 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联./ P/ L" Z+ N# L$ e4 x
4. 句子:4 E7 i" J- W% `- o& v) `
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
$ C, j, r: l+ P9 I assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
2 Z6 K- M" c5 e: L8 @3 y, B secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得* ]& z( B% ?) |: O/ ]
* E% v* [9 ~4 s9 o/ O
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
& h$ E# C+ N P- M. w) |& _ 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.1 s$ e e8 o; E$ Q5 h. a( i
5. 句子: # X; [' l2 I; r7 c9 c/ n
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
) T: ^( ^: n2 A4 U4 q broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the , z) R$ P J5 Y% u6 _
owner.
, F! \. Q7 w6 b* B# [' V 我们把句子细拆就明白了:* Y7 [/ c; |7 V! d
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the * M1 B" f; D5 y" r: Z$ X' |
owner of cargo.
2 L( b/ [' t+ U6 C; N 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.6 J3 w' I1 h4 E5 N, }$ u
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
0 S6 ~8 |$ W- \. Q representative acting on behalf of the owner.
6 ]3 s- T5 s6 A1 F' t2 }- H 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
/ p8 u! a9 r" h y* ` (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the 7 X8 U) V$ x0 B. W7 F/ d
owner of cargo. # y t& o$ ~1 C& J+ r8 _% Z
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
' c' q) `. z, a, c7 v (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a - {# ]0 ] S% l. m$ |* {
representative acting on behalf of the owner. % y) n0 b. _5 F$ ~
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
+ X; N; z% e5 E/ c6. 句子:
; [" ]! d& M+ a& a8 L. X In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to 9 v1 ]7 b7 n% R1 S" x; |! |7 ]: W
insure the cargo in transit. @/ h) V- b3 c4 {6 Z
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
( t4 v* @0 w8 ? 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的7 ?6 f5 G# ]- `4 l* x- \. w
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7. 句子:
: Y8 P6 ?" e2 Y& s7 Q It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
4 A5 E R2 ?& e! g, J and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
4 f. G/ O3 U& h4 U; E2 @8 \ or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information 6 N: j. N5 F9 a3 Z
when he is handling goods.
; A. R% V- V/ a- L 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:9 v9 {7 ^/ U6 u. b) |& |. i( x% _
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
( f- z8 d8 K/ E# L, D; G 或者
( b% L2 A! J1 O: X5 A6 A& J it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
8 I$ c( D) p/ R1 ~! ?2 B6 R instructions or information when he is handling goods.2 E- B0 g* H" N _
7.1
7 P7 g7 i. U# C& s' q- P/ X it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
! J' Z/ w6 X: l' Q( B = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.8 j( d3 w3 k8 {* B
. M) b8 l0 }' k f
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
K& ^ V! Z7 b0 Z0 [ 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
. V; f- J0 n2 L" k4 J9 L 主语就出来了,即:/ y2 E; e) ~3 I5 l& {/ {/ k0 o
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, 5 R1 S) {9 t; ]) z* w
同理,7 C, ^$ }9 @" T) f( Y# h! G, o
7.2
2 H0 Y/ a! O6 y' I7 k it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such & j6 w/ h( O0 w$ l& f" Z
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
% v& Q0 k/ ], R4 n7 | = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
: s8 W( E) X3 Z( w+ o1 z9 m5 t when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
% D4 D5 M) ^; S# ~9 [ 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
( O# w) @, _% B+ x+ f$ Q o& e 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
7 J$ v, l2 Z( M+ M% r1 N. J, e (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对! A9 t9 V% r+ ]6 ^7 b& w+ V9 ~
(2) handle的解释通常有:3 d5 ]/ g2 g3 n7 H4 r2 U# e
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.& J' |7 t8 N* Y, D( e& y
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.( c* q1 g5 d8 a
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