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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
7 y; M- R! [5 O' W$ AFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)' P8 x% n0 Z5 A; k0 V7 r# d
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
/ T. P i7 p: ~; m$ B" Dship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
4 ?9 [( e2 R% k8 `6 Y# xthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
/ H( h( c0 J/ Z0 Q6 Q. H. S2 @损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 3 f) Q% D$ j9 Q& _7 p. z$ d( K
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
9 K: b4 ?( w& D% p- r. E1 Y' tonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).! t' }/ W ^ a% M0 r
10. 句子:
* o. N* f% p' i/ p) Q& G' H' Z This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
: z% I, |% _- ]# b: S damage to the goods from that point. 句中:9 q1 |, e$ K7 F
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
; T( H, S* ^3 k% F' L% |+ V$ K; ? 10.2 from that point$ u* Q6 {7 i+ E! X5 H' C/ s
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:- a" u5 v0 ^, J! g# R
port 港口
/ `1 `5 I4 ~1 ^' J5 P place 地点- v! V% j8 ~ w* {5 u; `0 I9 J% z
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
! [# w* e B1 L premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)# I k |5 ^: y5 C7 U& H4 e
说明: 0 k) D: p: `8 e, ~6 ?1 W8 W
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
' R \! r) V$ a+ n 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:5 J$ Z% z+ A: n+ P; O
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他0 p0 @/ m; |# J2 P" ?. a% t
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
6 h( Y2 \4 ^5 c: ?% u 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的) C/ S# B* d* z+ G+ p( C4 i( f5 @
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
2 D6 o' {4 k: F; P" I 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务." U& _, u% s+ P- a0 X$ o$ F8 g
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
Z% i' G s: s; W. D require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:# `9 L2 F8 A4 n5 ~) r" |* c4 F- m
require sth (of sb), : G& m5 s4 k) n7 ~% t! ~/ e- b1 c
require sb to do sth,
9 ?7 O% e8 ]" _$ H% h9 z0 S; p6 G$ ] require that + 从句,
7 z6 Q6 d) }. s0 g7 W& |' k+ {12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
0 O- r4 |! f8 _/ p. B4 M% `/ F 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:+ [, F: c! o( C( _% F
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside& |; {; A: e; E5 {
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:" L/ P4 [$ E1 y F& y5 _; Z
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
- r3 ^1 c" c( ]! v 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
r" [& A& ^) k6 [: |. D# P: R) a 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
1 r, O" l- H1 C; { railway: 铁路,铁道
" z! E! M; M7 n$ T' p roadway: 车道/ F0 N+ ]5 [( B) E0 z7 F5 _4 d4 C
highway: 公路,大道
0 ^6 l1 h% n- l# `" B, S) Z+ o subway: 地铁,通道# {) `; y. y( A! Z4 l! o
airway: 航线 : M% l" F$ n! H5 M! P- W" w+ L( e
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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