Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms0 x( P. y$ t1 d& P0 I) t
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
/ \$ {) W8 u1 v/ l8 \# D( _ “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ' p7 X9 T4 H. h( c
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means 2 |" }) j+ ?( K3 f! X. t. z
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
3 n1 ~- k% s9 k% ~损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 1 N" t3 t" a7 x% u; l1 N
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 1 b# o0 g$ O* F+ ~9 n
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
6 S# J; f% W* O; w0 e4 B10. 句子:7 N7 Y' m0 D8 U2 V2 k0 i
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
1 f( u" X; H: e, T% b q( ~# R) m damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
+ O$ K. C0 P) _& [0 R 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.: G8 E% V3 A! {$ |- q9 J* ^% N
10.2 from that point
! o6 i9 n3 t! A# X- p 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
4 i* M3 T' d1 \' q' y: J5 M! [+ A3 j p port 港口; |/ @' @( S' E4 l# I4 k, S6 A" K3 h! H) b
place 地点
* w) e5 H# a: f- Y point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”). H" P' Y0 i( r/ E& A
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
! m0 u; X1 \2 {2 E8 } 说明: 4 a$ l0 ~$ f) h# P
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
! }% g% R, l3 h3 e 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
5 I `- P8 Q+ s3 p$ F, j% k 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
5 V* G! l7 z& s 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的, [ l! L4 A5 w& {# o- X6 \
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
' Y' J! r6 Q. u8 A; k* H 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通0 H+ t: E) G+ K0 s: o, a4 ?
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
; ^! e2 e6 u% W' Y11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
# R2 k2 D6 }! }3 u) U require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:0 ~) V$ n, K! T. I; r7 C
require sth (of sb),
; u7 y S' l9 `$ F: a) k% R require sb to do sth,
+ P# A! P* J# A6 x0 n require that + 从句,
% b) o! B2 x* _12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中: U' j, l0 N3 b2 i( f$ V+ b
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
% @3 c5 J/ g5 |. q. a" D2 [4 L* `/ D$ C (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside6 S. Z- L1 Y# W v6 f) U. k
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:' h( U: }. G1 h4 b* n
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)7 \) C) F/ l) ]/ U
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)( a* J) \4 |, Y4 T
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
+ R; Q$ ~+ r3 D. |8 a railway: 铁路,铁道1 _( D0 C5 B, r' k* A2 C0 a/ V
roadway: 车道( N1 Z7 P* |+ b8 g' V
highway: 公路,大道2 g+ e4 E1 _7 u: g0 `3 a8 H* U7 o4 F
subway: 地铁,通道* `8 } ~- C" V) n2 b! E7 H0 U
airway: 航线 7 Q% I' x) f- b3 l( ~. M
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?: X# J @, t r8 T" d+ g/ f
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