Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms1 U+ G( S) B* i ]
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
0 D/ m) a& _6 a. p6 v. H “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the " i6 u/ B g6 ^ t( y) Z; Q
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
" C" {1 V% e0 n( Ethat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
/ [/ f" B+ J/ I) J- i, C, Z损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the : M5 t s7 V2 r( ~0 O7 }( W
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 2 d/ L- s F( p) }9 X v, L2 i
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).( I; V, R+ E% Z6 [5 ?
10. 句子:0 Y7 q1 }2 ?: Y' R
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
) H" y" ^, |) w# p6 g% Q( r" W8 p/ A damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
+ y3 T% p+ c/ o- S$ h M 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
5 ]! j7 |* q) T/ d9 } } 10.2 from that point
' t+ ?# B. Q& U9 X& h; O8 i 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
8 p# u" }/ l8 y4 J port 港口
" a8 G4 j; P6 O4 n1 B place 地点
& x: B- h7 @) |+ ^& { point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)2 F% E/ j( x1 t! p9 }* Z
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
# f2 O2 U5 o0 [% Q; v- l 说明:
9 W7 |; y/ g# `4 O) e 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
. r Z8 s8 e. _/ s) d 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:2 k9 I- P# u. X1 U, |2 W
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他! F3 q6 u% ]) }9 t
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的+ J5 a. T: G! u- r7 z4 G
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
' P* L# f9 B* ~ 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
3 E& D/ |4 y& C5 ~+ \) A( M 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.# w$ a; v3 f" _1 V
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
7 a7 f% G8 q, T require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
& `% v- h c7 Z5 O) s8 _- U3 R require sth (of sb),
* m# ]* F, I5 M7 K8 Z y7 z- _ require sb to do sth, + j. g9 e7 d. x0 a, i( C; b0 _% Y
require that + 从句,
" b# h2 ]2 q0 X$ x; b12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:# T1 J& L# ~2 p: Q7 f, `: J
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
' p2 m2 b. V5 k (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
# v! t6 M8 Q4 Y3 C! ~/ g9 Q (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:# m( i" k( m0 l4 a6 h
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
+ r1 ]+ Q6 e" l 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)! ~2 M3 {% ^6 z
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
7 }. t, X7 L/ r, X4 c1 U+ J railway: 铁路,铁道
+ \6 h5 }1 @" P# p roadway: 车道
9 J# E; [7 L; |8 T0 f) N highway: 公路,大道
5 m% j' M& i7 J) }2 u, | subway: 地铁,通道8 [$ D3 M6 p7 j# `( |, G" G( q
airway: 航线 - t* ]* y/ `, ]# x! g
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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