Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
0 ~" n; l4 D7 m h5 A8 ^1 q; QFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)' C) V' I) p) S; `
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 4 z5 j4 ~. ?) ?' G! L! M" k
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
8 V- e3 v9 U/ \% u5 a0 M3 o* u' Gthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及( ^, L) C/ ^3 ]. X9 ]3 e! Y
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the , S5 w1 j! o8 A5 N6 L" |
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 4 H& Z" _; v3 P
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).3 ]5 \0 |7 A$ T% W7 n- m l2 n
10. 句子:5 O1 n5 g* p( G! g& ]
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or 0 o6 s3 }0 E' f( O$ D- c/ a
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:7 t c1 O" W; [8 A$ f
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
9 G0 G% f1 D% f: ]6 h7 U 10.2 from that point& q( |! D$ O+ A1 t8 N3 I
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词: O6 }! W' h0 o6 n! ~' x0 r' n
port 港口
! g( h+ O2 M+ ]1 l, F place 地点( E+ U$ N1 I. A; w* e: ^, b
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
# c% K' F0 m, Z7 L/ {) \3 ^9 @ premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
- p3 p! o# n8 U+ ], `! Q6 g0 l 说明: " E4 N' q3 D$ `6 a# P! O4 [1 Y
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
3 o! v* c1 Q2 X1 j$ M/ y4 z 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:" ]' O1 P2 x) M' \7 U, s: F
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
# f2 d1 E8 r# V. L$ X% w 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
4 ]3 _! u8 G, A( H" H: T 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
0 D& s/ W4 Z& W! a Q: w8 @& n 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通, Y( c' p- L( i. R+ k, I" H+ a
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.1 t5 Y, `, M3 k9 D' W
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
4 M( _, A7 E9 T/ t% B require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
( O* L8 T/ C! g4 e) ^0 x# F: J4 x. ? require sth (of sb),
4 y9 m( S% S1 t: u4 [4 t% | require sb to do sth,
* Q$ G) T) J( z3 n+ ]1 ~. [ require that + 从句,
' U V F: ~! J9 ~12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
, x; i# C D: B; [9 T$ G( Q' p9 { 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:: E- q4 [' F% ^' D- K8 i* w
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
|2 W9 t$ b1 ]! F9 ]3 R1 | (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
4 d$ p* O' i. r m 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市), F' e+ T$ T; w4 _
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)4 r% I8 L u9 |* S4 i
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
( h0 X& @! I, U railway: 铁路,铁道6 \" j- b5 }& F
roadway: 车道
/ `; B( x ^: x) k highway: 公路,大道, a- M% r2 ^ v6 N/ d) O2 O+ X
subway: 地铁,通道' Q: V0 K( z$ z; p
airway: 航线 4 C1 _$ ?. w9 @8 ?1 `5 ~& \; Q2 w
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?! y/ ?2 G' H* w# v0 j0 ?0 z
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