Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services7 D7 B+ f* i% o% B" q
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
i9 c0 ^# H0 a% w" ^9 o5 S+ Hdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who - T0 {9 }8 g( ?* t
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various' m. ?% Y- u2 M! V- O
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
. f0 q7 g1 ^! Q! ~through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
% X% O- P0 n: q/ Rto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
6 H/ M9 l/ k' B7 I) V" I k2 c1 ~these services are:
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' S k$ y/ ]* x) o7 G& v. i课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
4 r6 o, z h7 l1 _) k6 Y7 Q* `6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
# f) E# [/ k# E; A, G b Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
! D) w) F$ t3 B& X = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
/ S. c' Z) v0 _ C5 E7 w) y 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
! V4 s; u9 U' j( R% n- m1 U5 I 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
% j g" I4 ]3 ^& D1 D: r 6.1.2 attend
, f- l* M" Z- v, R0 V8 j9 G: ] (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting ! M& H* H0 f: a# y- x4 H8 B4 b
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
# k }4 m1 j" E( l4 Z4 T 例如: attend to one’s work
' ~" J8 R3 @! A* O4 q0 w* H (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
6 W. n! w% [( ~$ f/ P- J8 @ (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to7 X! q4 v& O. v& }8 P) ~
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
' m0 v) [& R% N (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
9 E M$ K& x0 Q procedural 形容词, “程序上的” # |& U6 \" ~5 K7 G6 A! y7 X) M1 k
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
- t. X& x$ G- U% | (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)0 r# [6 `7 `5 M& c3 [# W1 W
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
% |# k$ h, a$ ~1 I documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
f: [3 l; k( L+ {9 ^ |& l) [ 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
' a8 m) C& g% y, F document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” # u E% b, V. h# y: c8 z
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
- R& d7 _3 Y2 y3 ]5 ^+ `% ~5 L' X( Q* E the customs formalities (海关手续)) _" p- A9 S+ U; p
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
! ]! T" e- `# X/ \6 p2 i! _- z& G# |# Z句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:8 l! r! x/ G1 X" y) u @
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
% Q7 f! i# a+ }+ f 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
: I+ N C# V& m! r: W 繁杂手续的话…
G0 b5 N' U2 v+ C1 t3 R# ^- _6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
3 O7 \/ y* X- G5 {8 k+ @ ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
* g @/ H" P' {# n+ c" t1 x of goods...- Q" }+ \6 _4 E/ U4 J/ ]
, E. r! E5 o8 \* w# E( R, U 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构5 K# E- A+ J5 |) E+ Z# D
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
) G" k' X- E$ u" v& R- U* x4 ]& T the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
4 ~, u5 ?+ N2 H0 y' U E1 X! c, C 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. , w6 f- g7 j# I E
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:: {' D% d% f+ A, y9 o% t
(1) process 名词.
! L( `, ?' {- [ z process = series of operations deliberately unertaken) I2 ~ [0 {9 c9 }" v1 t2 d3 A" j' p/ R
例如: distribution process
7 }* y8 {- ?1 W8 y0 r6 ^ (2) process 动词.$ d9 _+ c! w" s. x: j
process = to prepare and examine in details+ d. s& W& s1 B" P/ ?9 p
例如: process the movement of goods
: }( r% e7 @. I& ^; |2 l句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:8 L5 L) O' _0 A
... through the various stages involved.
; R% h% k3 k# H, R 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action; ` l6 G! L) i. ?9 Q
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:( `! \( p4 A8 x$ z
(1) 使...陷入,拖累$ r) f+ }4 N8 O( V" {3 `" H4 d
(2) 包围,笼罩 B& S% T& s F4 d1 m) |1 L# v
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思! {1 Q o+ O9 m( U9 ] A! U
7. 句子: 3 P% W& y8 o. O0 z4 H( W
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through , A: k/ ]2 B5 Y) m2 F
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:; H/ S7 h% X- Y9 X) d& n5 U
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
. u# U% L: o6 O* g 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.* [6 }5 I: j6 M% I" ^+ \$ Y) c4 j
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
w$ |+ l/ ~" _8 h, c l9 Y 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
) c/ k; ?% Z: z3 G; c; A- X. l submarine (潜水艇)
4 S. T1 J6 [0 Q' M: {! K) s subway(地铁)% b# A' R3 y! I% t* I
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的/ J, m' y7 P; l2 \3 i
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包1 B7 u) [: Y: d/ j. h- M
给第三者而签订的合同)* K, J; p$ v& w. A
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
o& N8 I! W* I% }$ l k! v# I# V subagent 副代理人
9 }# ?8 A# G! F/ t subcontinent 次大陆
( b0 o# x; V7 q* O. N subsonic 亚音速
5 R4 O' n( w5 l# m# T subroutine 子程序
$ R4 b! q" n9 e1 b. m3 F5 g 7.2 关于这个 through :
$ k) d3 d t; v/ u' L 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.: F* W. `2 n6 N4 I k# S' q2 Z
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
% ?( B3 p5 r% W s0 a "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
! F& E4 s; j- u! J# V r, m# H 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
3 ^3 V7 V4 A1 U" v8 W 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
! X( E; I) H1 x& W/ T; d through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)' F/ S1 D8 H' o" @6 k
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)9 R/ V: ]7 X/ I l2 ]
8. 句子: ( {/ K+ Q! Q" ?
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
& Z) E" ~, \* x0 M overseas agents. 在句子中:
% J. t2 e2 t# `, r; M( L$ `% X" T$ a 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词; d2 @9 C' m; u8 N. f3 V7 Q3 [
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
5 \ v e% N6 T' a6 p 其形容词: utilizable
0 \! l/ R7 S: S" E5 v- o9 k% M9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:( M: Z( E' x7 k
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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