Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services% q& `) n3 i9 h
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
# S, N0 o: O. J. hdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who ; N( B8 v/ I! H5 |, \( {! W. B
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various7 }# T K3 J! `
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or # |3 {5 \; U$ I- a# t- A( ?
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
8 k" y; e; }" x& k: kto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
0 I4 \. m( Y+ U& X& ]0 rthese services are:$ H! ~+ T5 [& v% V5 z' z! d7 @
1 i; T t$ b% F8 z课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
' C# ~+ `/ k$ N- m6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 2 \ B+ _, o0 r N# f
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … * J" ?( k% F; g; ]
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …$ v) D* X4 o* X8 B. y9 b# L/ b& A
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. ) t6 g0 `+ x- Z; P5 }: g$ A. F
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”' |: q* M3 o0 U! X `- ^' e4 R) D q
6.1.2 attend + D* k9 c/ G. x0 }4 j2 j% B* U
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
2 t- |! a( d, i$ x: U# H (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
+ u+ J) i U4 M G 例如: attend to one’s work 0 b/ V9 d0 L& F# a
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to' s4 m. }( {3 {7 a/ ~- [
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
% H( E5 s& U+ |9 J0 h 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities8 K) S1 A6 i9 t, E5 T( }0 |
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
) `# S! @+ p& w0 c; H$ q, p! I/ j6 c procedural 形容词, “程序上的” 6 c7 C5 d: e. Q( t1 R/ U ^
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 2 q( a6 M$ ^! w3 f
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
* E0 [0 a q3 k documentary 形容词, “单证上的” 7 V( H. l7 b/ m+ ?8 B# ]& S
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, / w! f% S! s( }1 y1 w. }) r* c
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)3 P8 @ {; W9 b+ L; c
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
. \% z6 T" z. b: ~* z+ V (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示); P8 A5 U' O' U" J% K: G
the customs formalities (海关手续)
$ a3 c; C" ~2 ], ~! E- h5 J5 G go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
8 _$ H- ]5 a+ F9 d& F& @+ `0 x句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
! o) d( I3 E8 R, t" \5 Q 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
& v; z! R1 q! S; l c& P" y# c 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些0 u# A- \8 j+ s9 L7 i
繁杂手续的话…% x5 e$ W% V. e. z4 u& E% D5 q! H9 m
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 7 P* @$ Q# n2 k% k0 y
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
5 { v5 c3 q/ z1 Z of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
, r: M) [" J9 F) [- s 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调& X; g* i9 N! _" \2 o+ x! I# Y5 y9 x
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”! x2 P/ Q: ~- i2 Q6 l( j ?, N
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. / \8 {( u' q: c, v c
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:+ V0 @; A4 F+ G3 e
(1) process 名词.
- _1 i& O8 u5 e) e4 o0 @ process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
" |7 a1 L0 v& Z 例如: distribution process) l5 P$ c- l. H$ t. t Q. h
(2) process 动词.
( e! S( c' r3 y* O, q+ l! _0 a process = to prepare and examine in details
* j3 O3 c& n/ t0 j1 x9 ? y 例如: process the movement of goods
8 @* X8 g5 f: f T, R句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
6 H, o$ O$ F8 g4 K' ~- C0 S0 E* O ... through the various stages involved. : k! O- T" y5 v) Z+ o0 O) F9 Z
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action; Y9 N# r8 u2 \
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:; ]. D* K9 l! @5 P
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
( l8 T; Z2 ?& E (2) 包围,笼罩) C( T: o8 B4 F! A/ {, }
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
& p& _2 @5 F# o9 j' u: Q8 Z* c7. 句子: $ i, j# S' C7 r$ A% n D# H7 i
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
! E4 ?& U. k; ^- F, `1 F. m5 v subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
& s4 O, q0 m0 H- n6 b | 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
6 `( x/ D* D# R% @ 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.) O+ y0 c4 r# T, x9 n
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思( b! M: s9 A+ G2 c0 i- p
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的" U3 u' y; `+ ?7 t$ P9 y
submarine (潜水艇)8 J. L% I% F2 C$ A: X5 ?5 f
subway(地铁)) u% m* b) d* |; L8 m$ |
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的: y' m* b% g9 l1 V0 s7 G
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
/ s6 C; h8 j3 C* }5 N2 E! Q 给第三者而签订的合同). g9 c* j$ _" O: C4 {9 S" R
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
9 |" e, q/ {9 J" t, H' Q K! p subagent 副代理人5 Q. T1 x( [2 r' J, a
subcontinent 次大陆
. {; g& m0 b6 m: U+ o$ y subsonic 亚音速$ z: |. o- Q( K* @$ G3 J$ P) L
subroutine 子程序
3 L* _, M0 e( K2 }7 E" E/ E2 Z 7.2 关于这个 through :
e8 X& b. V; J0 { 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.0 ?2 @) Q1 c! p/ o# c: K, U
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of / N6 U0 w; h: {5 f t; ?
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)0 ]; ` \, Y/ Y, \& N% L
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
% c" ^9 ~& g+ z/ a/ X 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 0 F Y3 P; q% J! {0 u7 F& N" y2 @
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)& _0 u- W5 A; T4 T- E
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
( c" z0 O. ~0 V" K8. 句子: 6 z3 `0 @# K3 Y% j8 w1 A
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ( m, s1 H; ?0 l$ p; t& Y& S
overseas agents. 在句子中:
3 V& K1 y1 d$ ]2 x; y; | 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词- @% @% C* M T$ l5 P( t% g/ ^4 p& I
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
3 K q/ P0 y4 C& }: g* p% G 其形容词: utilizable - ^3 |0 t* y+ O) [
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:6 C7 s+ p7 J7 `0 U( h9 A$ |$ J$ ~2 N
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思' B0 |: \2 `7 C0 n9 S3 U3 k* g5 ~
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