Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
) t3 t6 M5 i& B0 r0 M# Y, o- c Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
0 k* ^7 X3 {% J) y' Odocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
# e B8 p' Z6 f7 a# N( U% F! d4 J9 Yundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various& Z f" M& l5 z! J1 D5 R
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or A: B2 B5 _, k- q5 Q
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected : [3 m3 [$ o$ o# y( l6 I( v
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
; B( U% h7 h: qthese services are:! m* a( V% l7 j$ Q
; R, m5 q9 R6 W+ D) W& K2 s3 U, a4 I# v课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容./ ?0 C8 }% n4 E) e8 a M* n
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: . s# @- p5 }1 R+ m
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
7 l! _ n6 U+ w' C h! Z = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …+ b& `5 ^0 \7 @" ^ W
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
, ?8 \6 m4 p- d6 |7 {) `1 B2 ? 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
6 b- t; c( j5 [ 6.1.2 attend 8 J! C: ?8 c u( z
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
! E6 P1 ?% X# [. A; C (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” ' S7 f9 F I* h3 `1 I' A
例如: attend to one’s work * U2 X" o8 Z; |% ?) y
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to3 Q! Q5 x. ]. D% [) @
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
: E4 j: ^- |( j" W* v" | 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
7 T2 u$ P5 v, Z+ m (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
& B, z1 I; b7 Q procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
; P+ u5 V* {' G9 e% h! a procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” B. }4 o1 Q+ L/ [6 q3 E/ |. r
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)) k( N8 V& z7 w; F2 [7 H
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ' g5 G1 u2 B% g8 z: s' t
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
% N$ G! E! L1 B: N: L7 C 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
6 _/ g4 X Z; L7 ?8 U& h document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” ; U( D" i! O) P
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)( B" m: R' N4 \9 K; g4 Y
the customs formalities (海关手续)
8 ]! I$ O7 a( l3 l" Z M; o) u go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
2 P r8 r* a5 d) v1 \: r句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
8 g+ N- L9 k4 R) P% |" {! _ 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 4 v; n; m; x: Y K( B. v$ q
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些0 M( {% ~9 F- y. U' j8 M
繁杂手续的话…- u6 E, Z! u" o( f( x
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
. m, z2 @: k3 R, ] ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement ) i8 p" P; h4 c2 M( N) A+ V
of goods...8 b! `& w e6 Q& d2 d& I) N
( j% _5 k8 p [' {( _$ i 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
; u+ R7 G F9 u6 p" T 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
' N$ }/ I& {7 A1 V6 M the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
4 s4 p' ?4 L; c( N! c/ ~2 c' U5 k 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
/ D6 s# V* u4 M) d 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:0 n/ K5 C) x- b/ }/ d
(1) process 名词. 4 p! e5 f" y1 w; c0 |6 p0 Q6 f
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken6 G( F; l2 W! I+ \0 S. A
例如: distribution process% ]/ f: M- X, Q `8 J) O! C6 F
(2) process 动词.
8 D7 Q2 u" p- j5 V process = to prepare and examine in details
) V( }% t. x; }" R 例如: process the movement of goods
# {3 N' T# P' ~. k' `6 u' s句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
1 q% P4 \% f1 W" e ... through the various stages involved.
8 Z# Q" a9 y" B' v! J3 Z 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action& w2 p. `$ a7 E% L8 I4 e% l. H. P3 P
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
$ Q4 \% F/ i* k3 v- G& ? (1) 使...陷入,拖累- } J3 T+ Q3 d. G/ {- _; o
(2) 包围,笼罩+ S8 T' M( W+ ?! s% f
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
2 j; m+ i( |7 l% P# x7. 句子: 0 _1 @# L' e# i7 i R9 N
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through ! }* k; d& G4 n. P# o
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:0 h6 {, g1 x- |( b) Q& ? ^: Q
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:+ V' ]. N: K& E" _- f
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.* i+ q% a+ d& _3 H- {
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思2 q. }" r0 c1 E' S
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
. }1 P/ L/ M5 l3 A* B0 V/ A submarine (潜水艇)
6 \9 r- s0 H- W. C0 x4 ^4 ` subway(地铁)! m# i) \, s( E8 o4 D; o# n
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
& s8 c4 b! z* J8 | T subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
1 v; h% ?9 c1 L8 c5 k* j( ~! h; ?+ } 给第三者而签订的合同)
, S/ t$ W8 d" h subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者$ S; l2 c' a; ]7 H
subagent 副代理人/ K* T- H7 f7 U
subcontinent 次大陆
4 a( w* A X7 f subsonic 亚音速
: [4 X2 [! [* v; K! i: \ f* D subroutine 子程序 2 j; A- S0 v5 S0 X- G7 s
7.2 关于这个 through :
5 x9 [" [/ H9 U9 W4 P% i 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.& }7 Q7 [9 i/ Y) M0 ]
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 1 E- M: A' ], d8 ^, ]
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
) ?0 `5 ^; L: B& R5 I' }' p 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him. n1 T9 X1 r. u5 s" `" m* W
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, / o* e, B7 h8 H# {. ?
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
( @, O* c5 t! x+ @5 b; @, ? through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)6 O- m, ~" j7 z4 i- l) g
8. 句子: 8 C2 x6 N' ^" b+ o* h6 u
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
- O) T" C1 U4 K overseas agents. 在句子中:7 f* M l7 C5 o. ?# X
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
9 C3 B/ x% ?+ D1 o) a- L 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
( L9 R" @5 N) Z+ @ 其形容词: utilizable
9 `+ {* u' [$ K5 G9 f9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:8 H" o8 C: g# M/ P, L `3 k& l
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思* { z; t$ u) e3 B( e3 R' J
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