Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
5 R4 S9 T; U6 u0 j o+ h Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and) ]: z \" ^- r- n
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 1 X+ G8 K. c1 e8 }
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
. j( H' z/ r vstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 5 ^8 [' w k0 q; e, T
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected & H5 w, \3 r1 k9 R; c l d8 r4 }
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 5 K6 E3 G) L9 q$ E$ a4 D3 ?( J
these services are:
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; h$ m2 }% g6 \6 m& k% y; w1 U课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.$ e7 d) A, H( w% e9 G% {
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
- Y3 g: Y" R3 V/ n3 y0 M, h( E5 H. v Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
+ W% {& Y5 k# h5 J- q! N* u = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
0 J% z! u5 n. l 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
, L& n; g! K, q7 s& ~ H 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
0 ]* ~( I0 k9 s( ~1 Q8 N* ~ 6.1.2 attend . }! H7 }/ E2 B) l, b f" U4 O- o
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
' M+ x$ k& @% K7 N- r; j (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 4 u3 A; _8 \! {, o# n# _) @: I
例如: attend to one’s work & y+ \& e2 K; c8 j
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
" A% H: u4 Y+ i$ \+ r3 i, o U (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to& e5 ~0 ?! {2 |5 B, w. s
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities* [3 _- _ g0 C1 k! U7 ]0 h5 |# \8 v
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
/ Q5 W( J5 P2 ]: S4 R& v; A procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
; ~7 h M8 j) g: s: P7 |* j procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” : a6 Y% \- j) {+ j
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
) k0 F: V& T! j6 K1 O$ G% w$ \ documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
8 u$ ]$ q5 d/ F0 G3 c$ { documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
k( s. v- ~. j! o 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
t; y; p! K& B document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” $ ~4 N% d/ ^; j/ q# Q/ s: D
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)2 _+ Q- K" k0 C7 u% X8 o
the customs formalities (海关手续); u) l" ]* q h& y6 g1 ?
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
2 U4 X% r7 z! r" S1 @5 b句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
2 `3 |6 X) ?. x 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. % @' Y# c4 i- C2 Y
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
4 Q6 U! y: X' i% r) z w+ \, S 繁杂手续的话…& R- n6 l* V. }2 f
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: % A# F( a9 H4 q- S
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
( ]- J" q8 _, L: k4 S) ?' r of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
3 E+ B$ l6 n9 M/ M9 T, h: r: A 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
* p4 k- J. ~* w" W; i, ^$ A& \ the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
) @! }, J a2 T3 H2 O( q 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 2 L: S6 ?$ Q+ C {" S
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:7 K- I0 ^* t' V6 g8 d, X4 y% D% Z
(1) process 名词.
% e1 c( _9 N9 o process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
6 O! E6 ]6 _- ^$ t 例如: distribution process: j8 g7 m' Q7 L9 `$ p( F7 l6 {
(2) process 动词.
2 D( C3 }4 q4 @9 S5 h/ L: Z! ^ process = to prepare and examine in details+ d, {7 J3 ~8 ~+ k. D
例如: process the movement of goods
$ j$ J' _$ H5 j: c句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:( J. e' H& ^" S" ]7 R( Z: `5 D
... through the various stages involved. 0 W6 y* j( ^1 U5 R, E: h* u/ k
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action1 Z. o7 S4 \& Q8 Z$ F
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
5 Z% }- e5 h, w* g3 c! m: y (1) 使...陷入,拖累
, Q( y; C. q# n2 T (2) 包围,笼罩# d6 |3 g5 w8 M( \
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
& z7 X' z0 f3 y9 W0 f# P7. 句子:
- w! _9 m* U4 O The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 5 s9 r1 Z7 [# J: L; l( Y+ {
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
/ z( S& j" Y, b s2 k' O 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
# n& O0 X) |0 E; p 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.$ b) Z7 _/ _$ u( i
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
$ c* u; a# A: L% w 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的) `- f+ j' _% _% N- S3 F0 [1 W
submarine (潜水艇)
. p: N j5 T% Y% i% [# h% E subway(地铁)" r4 w/ V' a' N: a" }
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的: Y9 z7 a* b% n! o5 S
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包 ?7 D% r3 h K8 @4 o3 ]4 `2 Q
给第三者而签订的合同)
7 a. g& b# Z7 P, h* c! Y subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者+ [ `8 V* v6 p
subagent 副代理人# `# S5 E, D4 i! [5 Z3 n, {6 D
subcontinent 次大陆
4 c9 d/ C6 H# O# h$ l subsonic 亚音速/ e8 Y; m9 n- y: ^& T
subroutine 子程序
& |: J* }' C( z J- x+ ~ 7.2 关于这个 through :/ P# E. L8 N g* F5 O" j
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
( V5 |: u5 ^! ^6 x 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of P4 Q- d& T8 x! g2 a
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
0 v/ H* ]; p9 g& P& E' `5 ]5 X* n 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
* Q1 _% R0 R8 h) j* f4 F! J 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 5 a3 H$ Z0 b2 Q. F1 }
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段), C) Y3 G9 \' q4 G h& N4 w
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
$ u2 [0 s3 G* V! I+ ~1 ~, g8. 句子:
# P- ~- z; a& ?1 l. X He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
2 S& S- ^4 Q( i4 z" s4 ` overseas agents. 在句子中:" x8 ?5 m2 ?! D- u8 {+ z/ E5 F
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词7 I# V+ B) l L0 t& y! ^
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)- X, `" U5 E8 k, ^# k1 x( s
其形容词: utilizable " |/ D* b2 t7 e8 t
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:5 [) w' L) l( ^, A& \ b6 \
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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