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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
8 {7 |) H; m& L+ A4 r1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:$ h! T9 i6 f# ^% x9 b
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
& e* b9 o$ v! `: [% c9 t 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)+ y% j0 b5 a0 P; v2 o
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词2 E9 U6 ?' M, L0 _; `
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
j' }# O3 @6 J8 G5 H3 E) q4 N 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险. H+ n5 Q7 A! d% n0 X3 o9 M- a" A' P D
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
' t' h: Z$ q; c1 c1 l 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the & b% W4 i( c/ D" B
invoice cost.0 G+ F2 O% T& d0 }; o. B5 q7 Q
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
; i+ n1 B* i# ] k X3 C 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:2 X @0 o0 T* T2 L; @- W7 l% t/ E C
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 1 V: A5 ~9 v7 H4 k
110% of the invoice value6 s; O! u, k3 E: ^
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
" t- m) u) s7 ?% ^) X0 Q1 |3 m (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
7 Z; ?5 H5 K4 R3 P6 _$ V+ L 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
2 [7 n$ h6 C+ C7 ]9 D! S 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against 6 t- h/ F2 k& |0 i r4 ~% ^) i
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.6 v# g- z$ E% G& E' B8 N8 U
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
, f! d1 ^4 I6 Y6 h 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
0 Q: ?7 K& l4 O. a 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
+ a, A, t/ B; `+ @ 解释“投保”+ m" m9 D1 t" v0 L
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.! |$ o5 V$ b2 H3 b' ?4 i
注意3: 其他词汇
, P. Q4 D0 L8 X( w% ^4 o# f, Z (1) insurance fund 保险基金- O3 w/ _. o0 C6 g; P' d
(2) insurance company 保险公司# _7 i7 [6 c7 z
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
+ H5 r L9 V4 g7 {! X (4) insurance clauses 保险条款) j; B `7 W$ g4 l) m0 {/ ^: P
(5) insurance period 保险期限' K0 Z* c, q4 t
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人
- U/ J$ A/ ?0 k (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人- @- l$ I: Y2 G. @% \8 \
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
( n! j! Z$ S: ?* V. k; p/ V* N* n4 d (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同/ _! K* \5 g" I* e
(10) insurance amount 保险金额/ N3 |2 i! o3 a9 s8 b+ d8 V7 ]
(11) insurance premium 保险费
1 L+ |1 P3 G1 } V0 h$ B- z (12) full insurance 足额保险; d4 }/ Z$ [. _3 X6 N. P1 u Y
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
4 ^4 n' q& h8 Z+ M7 P5 t1 | (14) cargo insurance 货物保险! i! ^$ J4 v2 Q
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)$ ?0 [ f' f' s& l1 |, _' ~
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
( h. i$ f2 ^6 x" \6 B5 T) x (2) valued policy 定值保险单% J$ A P; A2 r4 Q; m9 w# k+ V
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单. M4 w- X+ f( f: r: o& [6 {
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)) k# e. J4 v3 I5 e3 A- T, f
(1) rate of premium 保险费率0 W( v$ K% u, X u7 j1 q
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
e; ]' q8 Z( X; z5 L* @" O: F I 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)” ~! V5 k7 c' L" B9 V" z
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)& O& j1 O( |3 K3 T9 ~& x, c
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. + Z+ e) |5 b- C& t* Z
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
4 j8 e- \8 c- \/ f+ X2 J2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
^0 [( h; I4 N9 q) o- C( n2 c the insurer and the insured.句中:* N- U( f" I& }- H& C9 \
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词7 \! |$ p7 @( u
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
* [3 A( y9 U O |! X+ s, F t$ [ 以下几种情况:
& j6 h* l4 ~6 j, | (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
: X0 k( ^5 C/ _ ]: z6 h4 w 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.. A- h! B! H" C: e2 z1 {
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
7 w. f E5 [% W0 J. `% Z `. n (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
& o! U& {4 k h1 ?/ {1 ?1 {* x 例如: Eve left the room quietly.; \7 }5 }6 w' F
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
% H/ p0 b- p+ z: [& f4 R; F# } 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.% e+ S5 r( R8 A6 d4 h; G! l0 w
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
4 ]! J- u9 X$ E' H3 |- v 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
4 W$ Z' A7 e, N6 ~0 l 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
E8 D) d0 H" C 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.) l' Q( }, ~! n1 b6 d3 s, ]# l
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”' x( K6 O9 y8 M) d
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3. 句子:
' b7 i m* V% ]+ g' x6 X. ?" @! M7 a1 s The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
1 B, B, {* b* i& t' X) }) y within specified limits, that could befall the other party.6 ~: c" n4 O& K6 A8 Y
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
& R. v8 K9 Y: o3 I( S& V meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
" y; T9 w( ~9 a+ ]$ \ (1) 负担 (责任,费用)! N* R' C4 [/ W* K' L! Y
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 0 t3 H3 ^2 i' L8 Q9 ~* |6 Q
return of the goods.
+ n2 C9 r* T0 f8 S 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
+ q' { |, u1 P6 \. z% I) ] (2) 满足 (需要)1 M5 L" ^0 b' @
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current . r7 D8 N0 y K) q4 K. N6 T1 m9 a, b
demand / your request for this type.
+ Z" x3 Q* l- t$ d) G& F8 ] 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.5 @" S& w N* i, `
3.2 consequence 后果
f3 |& ], y; y5 I2 F 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
3 B/ x5 p( K3 v2 v) j. f7 f9 V 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)8 A, x0 n7 M- `! Y' W( r
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
( X5 W" B9 W8 W5 `/ L/ a8 e$ n 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内6 h: e( W7 }2 Z2 R4 B
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
" @ B$ G4 R# i8 b+ R( m# _1 H7 w 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中# X/ n W c/ e& b+ C- n
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
, ]" e$ P6 h" |2 ~2 l! y$ I 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件1 S7 i* A3 ~2 \6 C: q# ?
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
6 z0 ]; Q8 k# N- y0 p 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.* C1 E) _' J# b6 G# e
4. 句子:$ I4 j' u8 \) D' s/ w
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial ( {- {2 z5 \# M7 ?
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:, H) A2 |, d- C! x% [% I* o2 ~1 t
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
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进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
6 N0 h' Z, ?. z' v$ Q$ ` 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
. R, H8 H+ a5 F9 Y% [5. 句子:
. ~7 m) h. L' \# F" Q5 x. h$ k It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
- G. i C5 l1 R* \" b broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the 2 T6 p1 A2 n+ @
owner.
/ R# z& w/ g3 \9 Y* ]. P3 [! {% s 我们把句子细拆就明白了:
1 c2 j& O: L& {# v- x/ j (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
/ y5 ?( z) }) w4 T+ x owner of cargo. . z) A/ q) K9 B0 M: T
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.7 J5 n ?! O- V* L2 `5 w. _ q
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a 4 U2 e. X! u: G
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
7 A8 O' ~7 T* y9 k 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.* J0 n: H! P8 G, p
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
( s# t0 r1 U. k: y* X owner of cargo. 8 b+ s. m5 J8 A- h7 c2 ~& A
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
/ r$ k/ w0 @4 C1 I+ O (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
1 w' ^4 i) Z c1 X representative acting on behalf of the owner.
6 D! t8 T5 P8 O3 e, @( V' @ ?, l* l3 J# F 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.! F; |. T) G" i$ W2 c" h O& i
6. 句子:1 ^5 z/ d% E$ A7 {3 z. E
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
# d1 `4 h! I: o% ^( t4 c; q5 v# p insure the cargo in transit.
J) j+ h% k: M/ g* n9 A 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…8 O/ Y3 U* P/ S- H0 w) Z
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
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7. 句子:
! ^7 c& C# O2 D! v/ N It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
$ f2 D, w, q- ?% V) h and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
0 k7 n- ~# b2 b3 h$ A' q or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information W/ P4 l$ S- Y+ v8 I9 A
when he is handling goods.
) t% a6 Y* Q7 T t" @* ` 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:( B: L* ^' ^) s- O( b" x# M
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
6 c0 `4 K+ e! o1 V* w9 x, |& U 或者
7 l d. [5 _! o/ Y it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
% O5 T% s6 u1 B: ~) w+ v& \ instructions or information when he is handling goods.( t3 I- T' I8 h7 p# E
7.1" L: _% Y9 G- [
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
8 M0 N6 t8 d& E& t. y = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
* A3 n5 ~ h' R+ t
6 u3 L! e) E+ X6 z! [# N 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
0 z( A4 E( y( R/ a7 i 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
; v( F( J/ T! R& a) m3 e$ z4 R 主语就出来了,即:, [: Z9 [7 D( R% r
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, 3 k2 H/ }9 i e/ ~# Q
同理,
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it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such $ `( o+ B% t/ y# m$ Q$ L
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
5 Z$ u3 [) z- \) {4 E# B, M* t9 Z9 K = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information 0 K9 I7 c: h4 k" m1 O8 t$ _
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
/ n8 [# w: J* H1 P4 ?- B9 Y& U( | 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,4 J8 h( K* F" C) L2 [- k7 f
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况." |4 a+ z8 g4 ?4 ^8 I& d5 \
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对8 c# }! t; ?. ] f2 \9 d0 Y/ O2 l
(2) handle的解释通常有:; ~2 G, t/ m4 m. a3 {1 W, H# s
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
" e2 Z4 w, T# Q7 e. N ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.2 A- K7 j$ H; a$ K8 I& y/ ?
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