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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
3 X2 ^2 |5 I& \* B0 N/ `% X1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:9 H( P: U2 ]0 R* |1 S% d& z
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)) X& Y: F" R7 d8 H) p
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)
; v2 w) I# ~. Z; V; o' K, W$ @) C2 v 1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词/ z; y8 x9 d) R+ R. Z- ~; ]
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
( f8 N# f/ \( w 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险., p- O+ ~2 s7 A0 q' t
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
" `% Z% _0 T/ J9 z u7 c% F9 G 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
U3 |- k9 K3 p$ M# H invoice cost.
/ C9 U6 ]$ _( P/ [, W; [ 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
$ k1 L: q% w6 n% }* c4 | 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:$ I/ }4 U/ D8 \7 {/ [! S
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 % ]* a/ t; P) y6 n& a$ p$ L: M6 k* |
110% of the invoice value
9 z, V6 f, e8 |+ j0 u6 } (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
( K. G. i4 B Q( n* R (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
. L' w- N0 H7 l2 d5 ^) X 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词* b& j0 u/ z& i. l
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
; |+ s/ n/ S5 H; G! `3 X/ ~ All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
' \1 }* p1 Y( j5 w( O6 C$ G: [ 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.1 K5 f- ^/ ]' @3 s8 e7 E7 i
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …: U2 p& ~1 g* Y! |3 |8 L8 k
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
; ^( c& g, U! K* e( D Z 解释“投保”+ _" e9 |2 E- Y5 a- w8 l
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
; K2 n. e& s1 K3 _" k9 B0 u8 v 注意3: 其他词汇
; t, V5 W! h! G% v; e6 n (1) insurance fund 保险基金
7 z, B4 N& U1 F. b7 F (2) insurance company 保险公司' z* w' e9 q! f$ Z
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
# ?7 z+ c+ m# s" O0 |2 C7 e5 b (4) insurance clauses 保险条款6 I" U9 A3 ~! V8 x/ a6 x$ t
(5) insurance period 保险期限
h1 ~( E* o; l$ X (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
- X: A7 m. g+ A1 [+ r/ Q (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人- P3 r- S0 ?. p; w
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
+ N8 E3 v, v. j+ x* h) u (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同7 e8 V. V2 o9 ~4 @$ n
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
& D2 H( v6 |' ~5 J5 M1 g X0 [ (11) insurance premium 保险费* M4 `) n5 Z0 ^' o9 ?
(12) full insurance 足额保险
4 g8 Q; ~. D& N+ S( p) l7 ^, Z (13) marine insurance 海上保险
/ J$ n6 k4 y) v9 O6 _2 P0 K (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
6 K/ T% X9 s# K5 y& x 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
" w8 z; p8 [& y# G' u/ r (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
. G2 t2 G' T8 R9 O% e8 O (2) valued policy 定值保险单* K9 w1 U+ y' e3 _, {1 c3 b
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
$ \7 T* g4 D1 S9 n3 R* n 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
' H' P' w4 c3 B. m% o) } (1) rate of premium 保险费率
- I0 g- p3 V: H" A. x (2) returns of premium 保险退费: s3 j; {: `$ I; L" n
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
' k, ~+ n% Q9 [. |' G: @2 l 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
6 A- o5 `3 ]! j/ c# c 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 6 b; t; z8 e' x
(损失不在我们承保范围内)$ u+ k; @# R7 J0 \- l& i
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
. Y- x0 a4 ]$ Y# u+ Q; f! b the insurer and the insured.句中:) K# n2 m. x; y6 H
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词7 T- j* y2 m0 t! l& ~* }
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
4 I$ a8 v6 Z e 以下几种情况:
. ?% [8 W V; S } (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外% O. i. E! w" Z9 O: t/ Z, N
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.. G7 W- f3 E- Q
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
; ]9 k( y# }( J (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
* h. t. g K) `: b# ~% m, c 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
; l$ ]: W: O3 j3 o8 F7 K (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
/ N" c% i- M5 W" G( ?& s; L 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.+ d0 Z$ d% v! V' S; d
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
( T' @7 m: b P0 i6 @ 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
5 J2 P0 s! c4 f" I% _; \ 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.5 j6 s. Y) L+ S* h( J3 e& w
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.; g& L2 Z/ G( E1 K
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
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! }# P Y- c T9 u4 j D3. 句子: ' r1 n0 D. d# h
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, 2 {6 Y/ ^: I+ D
within specified limits, that could befall the other party. c5 a% F; k P f7 R
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events : V7 m+ P. d" E# p# K0 W p/ k! Y
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:+ ?: b9 i3 E; s k! L8 b; }
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
/ D' j8 B; Z3 i/ V8 a2 Q6 w. O4 N 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 6 F' O! | ^2 \- P O
return of the goods.
: N& `& e) S/ F2 |/ l: I$ R 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
6 O2 Q) I( @+ v# c5 K! h' e (2) 满足 (需要)4 K) J+ X! v3 @' S4 c. B
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
6 | j* l9 Y) |" A7 Q( y1 k- i, h demand / your request for this type.
' W+ q- f& {% [6 R8 D' v! _% k 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.& J3 C2 f. d) r0 S4 Q- P
3.2 consequence 后果
: y1 L' a8 Y( U 3.3 certain 某个,某种." }4 Q7 q: ?0 _/ O' I+ S4 a" e
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)8 ]5 | i; z6 q; S
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件), M8 \+ r5 R* N+ S
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
8 b+ f, T! _3 H6 z( n' C 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)/ ?. m; w- i5 U7 _/ F- x4 M
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
) r/ o* v& e2 o" {1 Y3 i 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” & G R2 S) z3 M3 W
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件6 Q7 x" J6 ^) h# o4 N$ a/ [
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
3 s0 _( z* ?6 G4 e+ {6 v0 Q 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
$ d6 _, w, m- C% l h4. 句子:5 h- R3 D( x+ r- ?5 v3 K* q9 h
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
, T% ^, q; v6 D+ d' ] assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
; S: A1 {$ E! U3 j% v& Y- D secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
6 v' w2 x3 K$ f- P- d
* n# L+ q" Q9 U- Y# [0 m6 ?( m2 Y$ _+ ? 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
9 w9 Q: H3 C' W4 f1 S2 }* V 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
" j( Q" D: v& R0 G& G, b5. 句子: ! a6 b7 T& W& q; ]# C& _
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance * Q v) ]) q4 H5 P% N" v
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
0 l( I: g z9 F5 _; z k% A) L+ G5 J owner.4 L8 F$ Q* D1 }1 |2 `7 j7 u6 n
我们把句子细拆就明白了:* Z `* r' l$ P( ~" S
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the 7 c5 ]* e' E' d# X8 e9 ~) `
owner of cargo. 0 B% _8 }; F$ d8 ^( {5 S6 P. ~
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.1 a2 d6 ^: h& z2 w: ]5 ^* p
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a ! [3 C8 k( _6 j! m& U" K0 r
representative acting on behalf of the owner. - M- C% _5 @0 c' A2 l
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
! N- I. z% s- ^" t1 @# m& K1 D (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
6 o- H9 ]: s* | n c owner of cargo.
: I! [8 r" S6 R. }& C% a" K3 k 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
& k$ E* E R6 x: d# M6 _ (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
9 U5 l7 p% X$ e" J! P# F# G0 c representative acting on behalf of the owner. * b" |# K+ o& Y* {
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
8 M8 r1 v6 k$ P! e b6. 句子:: t; M7 ~- k0 U% K
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
3 F# h, {6 [: @; P8 W insure the cargo in transit.
, ?0 d4 v+ Y7 Q4 S4 _ 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
. J: m3 {5 y1 B/ W0 G: X5 p 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
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7. 句子:7 H2 }5 e+ i" Q8 r/ i
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible 4 r2 [: y& l' g, K' i( M
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
3 }; r* c/ s. @0 c0 l or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
( \; Z- |# u) s+ ~5 n! c when he is handling goods.
* Z2 N) E- I0 ~" ] 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
+ _/ V; }* p7 B2 G$ F8 Q it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo., D/ [1 v* K) J. o( ^$ s
或者
/ S7 o/ ?& k6 k- ^- ^6 f4 {1 F2 A$ V it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
* l; I& ]: t& q ` instructions or information when he is handling goods.
2 B2 r+ Q# H8 p, f+ `$ U. n 7.1
! J/ d$ q- ^0 A! t# t% V6 a6 K it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.# B8 T* |9 Y3 d$ k1 s' f
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
% c/ [+ n6 T" t: U5 l4 g6 X
* ~, N- u% x. j* V1 B, |5 K5 Z 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.6 i$ B8 y5 ]- C8 f- X, m
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
. C. ^" A6 j' l( A* V 主语就出来了,即:0 z; K0 I% n3 c4 s$ D0 x* M( x$ r. @
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
7 H5 H4 e0 K$ K2 h* S n6 ` 同理,
$ U( f4 ~6 O# ~: p 7.2 7 A( h8 \ h% P5 Y4 M3 G4 L
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such ) X k$ I! p8 Z- e% k& S0 V4 O
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
% j7 Z2 |+ N0 k w* J2 y- z: x( A = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information 3 i* R* V2 T7 L/ T
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.' F o* a6 n _# y: B' ]. K
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
5 I/ |0 i7 { A4 d# D 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
' x( y6 m- s3 d: d: i. r6 v! ] (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对# [+ s b: n; f
(2) handle的解释通常有:: r, m# J7 L2 G" T
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.: H' W8 X3 l) M1 B% h
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.$ s# ^3 H7 `3 o2 T/ c
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