|
|
Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
/ b2 \" Q; j m! T: w4 n' \) f1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:& ]- T* t! r7 z: D& J0 e0 B6 o* c2 P
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
- z1 n( g8 U( C: V. ?- z 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)% B+ M- M/ A# ?6 m# N
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
* ^' [5 E7 S: n; G3 z& A' M 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
0 U) R# @+ b5 w0 o0 E7 r, {) w' w 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
0 m5 d. H8 r" |8 O# [( w 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
. a) z, e$ w' ?1 g 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
# A# E* z$ N! l# z6 Q, ~' K; [ invoice cost." ?, ] t( V' R L2 ]7 C# [
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
5 a7 G( i' b( z& i, ? 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟: [( c4 E# E {3 B
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 & b$ ^( J- ~. Q, f
110% of the invoice value
- J- R, Q" o/ g( V G7 D% e (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%7 M z; k( @1 e% @+ j* B, c5 j
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
) @- y* s% m0 Q8 t7 ]# n9 k 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
! Q) i4 i$ \* u& m; b 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
, Y- K$ A9 r4 n' o, L6 ^ All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC." g* j7 G2 s# j0 T L+ P
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
7 L6 U) L; j' t6 x) g/ J 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …' B+ j2 |" t Y) @
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
' x" g2 J! x9 { K0 I# ] 解释“投保”
1 k3 v0 u+ b) \" l0 O8 @/ V 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
% x+ l- `# H8 d4 X# T$ @) O' k& n 注意3: 其他词汇5 M# l: N i/ T" K% n# G3 F; N
(1) insurance fund 保险基金' _' b! ~9 R0 P, b; w: `& r5 F5 a
(2) insurance company 保险公司0 Z: t6 j. b$ R/ }& X" `! z/ Y
(3) insurance contract 保险合同# P0 |2 ?) u) i. ^) \( w
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
2 \. P! |4 B. z. l/ X/ x (5) insurance period 保险期限$ Z4 U& k# K* W6 v, f
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人
( E3 ~/ [7 A6 a' q; @- k! |8 } (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
; d" k) L# V% Y* x. G9 W (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同5 {4 ]/ v% r# e; }
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
4 A% v' D' k) d9 R (10) insurance amount 保险金额
/ X+ I. N4 e3 |' b4 l' S (11) insurance premium 保险费
/ m9 E/ k, G9 ~5 r (12) full insurance 足额保险, M) |8 P/ @5 s8 q8 K
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
) R7 ^3 F/ d$ }4 C! h (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
2 r; L6 {1 e0 j 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
4 T/ W0 }( a4 V5 {: K (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
. _) z3 m) F6 g% }: B6 n (2) valued policy 定值保险单' }$ N/ \" a x/ Q
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单) C# n9 @/ U8 u7 }! ]" ^$ b
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
: \/ x+ y9 M4 I0 J5 A, Q- Z (1) rate of premium 保险费率" H7 T/ a8 t9 N! T: ^
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
6 x( f+ m. G0 R/ d$ `% x 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
9 v( u! M v4 p( s! D1 N! i$ A6 ?& W1 o+ R 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
3 Z" F4 ~' l/ S& I0 l0 ]1 x& z& f2 A 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
2 B$ o, z* i( z: M& p+ ^ (损失不在我们承保范围内)5 E$ X @) b# o% F
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
. X0 b- e0 P9 o) d! { h. i$ C the insurer and the insured.句中:
5 }7 U! b2 Y& U8 p$ u9 W 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词5 ^4 X0 Z8 n9 w8 [
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
* H, c4 L9 k* c2 W0 M 以下几种情况:
8 S. ]4 r5 n4 ^4 P3 u6 d% K6 L8 Z; E (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
6 ~7 `& O8 n! o. f1 f- e$ F 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
0 i- W& n3 p9 X 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
: t ~- k9 j$ K/ ^' c (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
. c# Q3 C, o+ n5 Y 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
! S+ D$ \. h/ ^ (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.* h7 R! Y, b4 Y
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.3 _: I! ]6 X7 [$ y" ~& \. ^& O& R
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
# d1 o U- p! k# J 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
) Y* _. }3 S& \8 V 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.1 l9 S0 T3 ^0 N
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.! r. h$ E! v- M6 J
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”5 G+ \6 \ H+ \) ? a# \8 L1 s: _
# b" f/ R. f5 d6 M! M3. 句子:
j% @$ s7 ^. Y: Q; |: ~5 o The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, . ^9 S, A5 V! Z
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.1 L: z. `4 m$ U' z) ]) G4 @
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
; ^, j M' J6 R1 ] meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:' O. N# p) t4 G) v* r6 V* F
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)2 o* e( F, l: A( s/ e! T$ [
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the $ M2 G7 p. e6 X6 S
return of the goods.
2 ^# h, b2 I. [+ A X7 b5 b1 q8 f 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用." A, M- H4 K" U
(2) 满足 (需要)
7 S2 o! x3 d w+ h" w! S/ @ 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
, ?2 X8 e5 Q* j7 i5 h& s demand / your request for this type.
0 V# y) S2 K* [: a 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
9 K& h# _0 M9 @ 3.2 consequence 后果
9 e/ t2 X* `8 A0 N$ I 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
& l! }% Y& U% {/ X 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)0 r& b/ G, G0 a) i4 S* u& ?
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
, _2 x+ \; L; J 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内' p, ]/ t& ]9 x- `, m* ~7 g
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
$ i& z* q. ?. Z) J! m 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中# F6 l# t' S$ |0 [
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” 3 w6 q) Y( A/ G$ J3 c! f2 X# g- z: C
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件5 B) l5 R" I5 P# ~
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的8 C: X/ \6 q) C8 ?
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联. X' a! g9 e& h: S9 e$ [
4. 句子:
. ~8 }( r7 M/ n3 j* M3 a6 ~5 E The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial ! _0 e4 E" z4 u+ i% B
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中: v7 W/ f. u3 }/ g: Y. j8 M
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得8 [& q$ a) Y G: n
3 W1 O; S$ p" i
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
: L+ [: ]' r9 f* U$ W0 s6 ] 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿. x. H% {$ o: t) o& c; L
5. 句子: ! `/ l1 R: z9 q! e/ I! y" [: {
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
8 F7 w% l+ } [* _1 X5 y; ]+ M( \! ^ broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the 4 x3 W/ Y( d% r! k( q- U3 ?1 c, b
owner.
1 ]# ]9 Q4 R& g' y3 M8 Y 我们把句子细拆就明白了:7 l9 I$ @9 H. L2 w7 W- i4 S
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
" g/ v+ ]9 c% {0 W owner of cargo. & o2 l0 R a! L; b, n! a6 k
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
3 ~8 b0 r2 @5 K5 L1 h (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a + w. O5 A4 F, L
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
8 I' V7 i) ]; F3 V1 l( ~) V: H 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
9 A8 `. p6 b. K: ~! s6 N1 | (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
7 Y l& S; z6 Z& ~7 ` owner of cargo.
8 F {3 V) H7 X 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.& F7 [7 I* |' I, i& _0 \
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a ! q: k1 v v) z4 l# h
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
/ B9 _4 i& s7 f3 ~# ]( `) q 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
# Z+ a& Z0 `- G: b0 i0 K6. 句子:
' w; k# b; Z; _0 N& X2 o. L In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
% L1 J! K- o# r/ @ insure the cargo in transit.! b% R ^+ k% e9 V7 {4 p3 k- w
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…0 t) E/ v& y& |0 Z7 u( j
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的
" F8 |# W- ?/ D- D0 J8 D2 y5 s. L
8 W8 p x% r- @% n+ K7. 句子:4 B! s# M3 U+ K2 C8 L+ t
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible ' L/ q3 a8 x7 z% y9 A1 m
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
- i6 y6 h. a6 Q' B e. L or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
+ K8 b3 B% r8 v; [ when he is handling goods. : }) ~% h7 ^ y# m* j( h
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:: U& \% z+ {3 n, [
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.6 k& Y1 ~ L) ^2 U9 k* `
或者 $ g6 K0 }' C' `$ b& R! D# i
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
6 \7 }1 p: W$ H' O( N9 n instructions or information when he is handling goods.: H3 l8 T: N6 b( p1 d/ C% {
7.10 h: g5 M" J9 S) s) K, b( a
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
! S4 M8 F/ Z2 V! N# @4 C = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
, ?- E5 } L7 [0 Q, o $ h- }8 C% j/ c) d; D2 f4 U6 h
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
) F: `1 Q( J! H8 j/ \. }/ w 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段," u( I' q; z+ R: I5 C3 v
主语就出来了,即:; P) q+ D( A5 r3 e: \9 y
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, 7 T' \2 |' A0 E6 w
同理,# p/ Y/ @- M/ M; v; r( t
7.2 . p3 J* G: l h. b
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such ( n, D, c5 K1 s9 h* w
instructions or information when he is handling goods. . v% ?+ B* q3 W- g- {1 L( y
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information 9 E3 z' {3 u) F: k9 Z/ h6 i4 U
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
7 z3 I- E: ~0 \+ I% j. ] 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
6 Z" m1 Z$ w- z8 W' z. b5 \ 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
- \1 l" z5 d6 D$ s; r (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
4 i$ M# j W5 C! Q0 \7 X7 u (2) handle的解释通常有:; e( V6 }- H+ U0 s
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.) b1 d* S% x2 s$ G' E! x
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.+ N* ?) I5 y1 ~ U
% W. F* w0 o/ c$ p, s$ t* {5 o4 v |
|