Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms% R; K' D# L, @ S [1 |2 ]* K' v) _/ N. v
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
# @# w+ j$ Q% v4 Q2 M “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the . V& T- I2 ?. b9 V
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means 6 v3 J/ p7 {& y! \2 h
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
4 X9 F6 j) y3 K5 k7 `损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
Q2 [0 ~3 U" S( T+ ]: m( j8 Z bseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used ; n9 b$ U8 O a9 h3 m7 e+ x: f; y
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
~, @+ R+ f$ k10. 句子:1 j" e! |) ]% F' G
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
5 I6 j( i! P" Z2 a, {0 p5 Q damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
1 B" p7 L! z# {& n# o 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
6 y% f' B& ?4 R 10.2 from that point# u6 |% {9 m8 B; L
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:0 R e4 f9 h" ^$ K. E8 n
port 港口( J1 S0 ^; ]* Y6 w
place 地点
9 w- b* o' V" j& | point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
* P ?! }* \$ p premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
1 {7 M1 T) _5 @" o( s% F( C 说明:
. K( v4 s. j- K ] 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分2 ^& y3 `6 _9 v( N
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
& d9 }2 ]0 I! ^# y8 ^* l 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
4 D& O4 b) o) K* J# \" v* ^ 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的9 j2 _/ r- U U9 h1 {$ J, K# w" G
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的4 @0 ], q! R1 L# e
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
p9 n0 u* ~) t" n2 d3 g# m$ x: J6 K 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
5 ]( p0 [+ Y' X' g+ f4 }9 m11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 7 D4 s3 R2 B% I, C
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:6 u1 N$ p" N5 Z$ C7 k1 `
require sth (of sb),
, ~6 j$ t0 o( v" x# {# f2 { require sb to do sth, 8 q% h; T; y7 n. O" O
require that + 从句, ( l: N+ H2 c) U Y
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
! h- M3 ~4 i4 Y1 s/ U/ A 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:- V! d2 H3 w, P/ X; b$ o8 P) M$ X
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
; r ]& J: H2 ~+ ] (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:3 L x3 _" z) w" C9 u5 a2 Z
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)! r# v$ R2 r+ u4 T
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)! r& O7 t1 ~5 c3 }/ N D! q: @, y
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路! z: j6 R9 g9 _. _
railway: 铁路,铁道2 p, u8 f2 H6 M
roadway: 车道
. T1 N: f1 ^3 l" D4 @+ j highway: 公路,大道$ l9 z/ d# g: Y( s- R9 K8 u9 d
subway: 地铁,通道) ^# W+ p; f8 H0 _
airway: 航线
2 D T3 e0 @% x. E2 F# T0 I! K 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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