Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms6 Y7 ^ B$ P5 M D" I9 ~- h
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
- ]5 }. M- A K5 c* `0 q “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ; @ W g; C P! q0 _5 m
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
4 J4 ?4 {4 U6 k3 L: }that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
, e1 D6 o& q* K, d2 x+ A0 K损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the - i" c* \6 B9 g4 G- \2 N
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 7 ]# t9 l* q. M1 \; y2 [( z9 h" s3 q
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
9 M1 @& I# ^" Q1 q. o10. 句子:) E' D5 y# ~; L5 p5 W" t: p, `
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or : V# @. F, M; p( }
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
# r! w" j8 H0 i" f0 u% N 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.; g/ T' f# {) w$ p. l
10.2 from that point0 K- a O( k/ W
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:# h7 l# ~ t+ z( Z! o& ?" a/ ~
port 港口7 @/ |6 p5 b7 \: p8 _
place 地点! A' y1 `" X5 ~! A
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)" p( ~! u" a3 h. ?/ }/ q/ x
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
# e+ @) Z$ X$ S5 x+ ` 说明: 7 |. c0 [" u4 l7 ]' r
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分% f+ z" H9 M! \3 z+ b
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:4 W' b" L# E! x" k
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他! D2 q6 M5 k! ]0 w; I$ L' f3 H
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
! u% Z, q5 i [* P, [ 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
" b. Y( J8 h7 Y 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通: N! h% [* ]# j) n) e0 e9 r# Q2 F
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.6 x! Y$ r1 D( }' A
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
$ O! X( o* J3 y- E: T% o/ Y* K require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
, W+ m% R3 N6 T; A: D+ D' } require sth (of sb),
8 v6 D& x+ u/ g* S8 ^# U require sb to do sth, 0 z+ n) W* w$ O H, r
require that + 从句,
" L; J7 F4 O6 ]9 s9 K0 u9 r12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:' L5 }- _3 L L& {
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
/ n7 p3 ?6 V; w (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
$ Z# _$ `8 T6 H# c/ |- B& Q. [6 E9 _, I (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:# P3 M. R& ?1 j7 b, G& Z7 f
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
$ y* I/ b# i0 g1 E9 V9 m+ L0 ` 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
* y) p) X) c; O" e 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路0 ?3 D7 Y8 I: [
railway: 铁路,铁道' ^( n" q$ Z2 y8 i6 ^
roadway: 车道
" e1 l7 I' _- B1 M# B$ Q highway: 公路,大道9 L" ?* X. o1 y5 L4 e) A8 H- q6 {
subway: 地铁,通道; l- b8 g' @! }
airway: 航线 3 [1 N5 `9 m& V+ a$ d5 H& t
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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