|
|
Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms1 ?0 ^' i N' e( p' B7 S
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)# g9 K. \4 k+ W6 m9 B4 _7 q
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
+ S4 s) U" h: X) p& Y7 C1 Hship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means & J$ z/ I0 I3 M2 ]% y. i
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
4 B h1 m2 @; I$ g损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
1 @4 r* Y- |" a$ f+ r7 @seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used " c& Q3 Z: A& e+ I% i
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
1 R! g& H: q( a& O. E) s10. 句子:
; J4 I/ w* Q! e: @1 t/ A$ D" ^) ` This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
5 g0 r, _* z. G {% ^ damage to the goods from that point. 句中:5 I( Z$ g. Y8 F% l) A6 E0 _
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
8 h) v: W4 u1 y | 10.2 from that point
2 I, U1 [! ~% ~$ J4 a 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词: Z1 U- p% {, L1 Y4 N- t2 @( p
port 港口9 G6 i, Q) \0 @! \+ N; C0 \# U# H
place 地点 J' \. T$ K( ^+ q( {% A% v
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
W* \2 n$ u3 U) _# {! o premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
: g1 Z& u8 O) n* [8 S0 w 说明: 0 U- D6 k) j- y' o3 D% g! D
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
* J0 C8 z5 ` r) j5 w 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:5 b( o/ o" Q1 |4 h* W' I# t0 g
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他* f* T' w; m) E$ F7 g+ S/ M7 \; i
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的# t8 C/ v0 u# C% |7 b4 h N- p
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
. s/ Z, V% Y9 H7 m& F- _ D! ] 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
$ B- E' `( T7 s& k8 n! d 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
0 U' E* L, u" f" f/ w6 B" I* W11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 0 ]0 G( S9 t3 c* Q
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
% P' ]4 E5 X- Q7 a& z _3 ]+ l) |5 C require sth (of sb), $ D8 V2 q+ h- r3 h3 `; E5 b! a* s
require sb to do sth, 0 r. `0 D5 k: C( k# |* w1 }" ^) V8 C
require that + 从句,
' k5 M! _' B) b0 Y( ]" W6 W12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
# Y U8 B. }5 R6 f- Z6 q& ^* N& c 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
3 [) l) j! T3 d0 }' ~2 Q' b (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
$ z9 }9 m+ d9 ]$ |& y) c (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
/ e( K' i6 b0 M; C& c. [( Z 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
9 {# T3 _' B8 ` 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
% i9 P5 o3 l' ]3 {! p' d* {' M1 q 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
/ C( _ h) {1 O k1 H, o railway: 铁路,铁道& B: Y7 b& [* W1 K9 d
roadway: 车道
8 n* S+ H5 B. v- a* L8 s highway: 公路,大道$ v- U! t! z+ I- Z
subway: 地铁,通道
. J& U, p& c1 ~$ u& ]. v airway: 航线
2 G: l3 [1 ` [ h; h+ W 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?: e t1 y4 @. B; {4 y# }. _1 W, K9 ?
|
|