Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
5 o1 _ M6 {/ k M8 U' r& OFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment). C. O6 M* T9 I/ e7 a( e6 b+ H" D
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ; K7 w2 @* n) L) b
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means ; h5 Z) L% M0 w1 s3 ]) T7 l
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及9 k+ F2 k% ^) }2 z
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the " ^3 ~3 o9 C! u' l/ e
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
: I5 j6 y- \9 T! o m, c2 G: ~- D) ponly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输). [6 ]/ m2 ~8 A7 d$ m
10. 句子:
5 F$ [ K* K+ f: z+ p: i! T This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
# A9 K5 N1 k: v3 _ damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
# F: p! q$ m7 h: u, v 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.# a5 ]$ G0 _/ o4 C+ {$ x2 d
10.2 from that point f Q- s4 i) H5 Y+ S1 F. P
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:( t, D. r' M0 w% v
port 港口
* N- w, v4 \# r2 Z; v* v/ v place 地点
' \. n" }6 m2 B" Q point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)" h K8 g2 p5 K' n$ M _" l8 r
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
! r& N- ?7 p$ J( {; g, i 说明: 0 z, p- f$ H N! s* Z
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
1 x( G. } W1 s* i" Z7 \7 i/ k9 ]* V 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:, t6 j! {0 t# @+ M ]
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
- I& {* f/ U9 R" } 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的! U* d8 q; B5 i, G, W) m
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的/ y) g1 w9 H3 o
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通 u0 f( u ^& Z9 D& F/ @2 K V
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
! s4 ^" q$ l7 y11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. ) @6 ~" B; \& m1 ~2 I1 q
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:5 X9 _# t" e& X3 r0 c3 q' B
require sth (of sb), * g% w+ X3 Z( H% {2 u
require sb to do sth,
/ E7 v8 B: D5 G) K' | require that + 从句, ! M5 Z; ^5 Z* `' V; h
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:) U- C5 _! F' N9 [6 T' S& ~
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:$ B/ d5 a T$ }, j4 i8 x. I7 t
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside& ~" V! q; ]) n1 w- I* k! P
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:5 _/ C$ T: q/ Z& V
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
2 {$ z: Y1 `* }' E 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)4 n( w9 q1 Z% o" ]7 X4 g* Q3 Z
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路3 ^* L: N# r( G
railway: 铁路,铁道
0 G$ T+ G1 l# H; E) | roadway: 车道
9 Z N) d: i: w highway: 公路,大道; ]: V$ x. I W8 @
subway: 地铁,通道- Z/ m' E. \8 F4 U
airway: 航线
7 x( b5 T; M) u 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?- L: B- c) W6 l' u1 ?
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