Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
( ]$ U! M+ d( I, ~, C) @7 n7 nFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
( m* P0 _! w" j$ K “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
& z0 R5 P0 ^" h$ a3 `, ]6 e( Eship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
& b8 H- w7 p7 z9 U) ?that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及* B4 s; ?0 B2 Z1 H* G# j' U! f+ {1 f% t
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the T% H( X" r: {
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 3 K; S- s% \' ]: t4 L
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).$ e' ]' o: g, q2 `, Q. F
10. 句子:
- Z9 u9 c) N9 |1 P$ G This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
# @) t9 U; r; u+ R! O% w1 I damage to the goods from that point. 句中:% a( x$ V# W& l/ I6 D; V! p
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
( y& X/ I$ }8 }/ H. ?4 e+ H 10.2 from that point
- Q- t! n2 w' ]; n6 s 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
" [, s* N }) a9 ^4 Q6 |' v: T port 港口
9 \, O f$ Q8 Z5 ^! O# O: G3 G1 N place 地点+ Z+ H% |( H; H- J( C9 q
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
% Z' T0 J8 }7 h9 j; o5 R4 L3 e premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)) E' P. b8 T# @' R' N
说明: 3 G8 E6 |: t) u: {
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
) Y& @0 T2 a( I7 W6 L3 v! K 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:; k; Z0 m2 m# b. }2 _" J6 ]! r
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他 s& h) u1 U+ z
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的; P/ U5 [7 u- k2 V
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
9 c6 |6 }! r% }; q# i 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通' P* \- y9 |$ D- u+ W* e
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
' O. v1 R8 C3 Z6 q8 x4 @7 e11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
* y, B! l& \! q9 Q$ z; J require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:& i4 b/ Y1 W; b2 j
require sth (of sb),
4 v u6 H8 |: U# K require sb to do sth, ; i3 J: X" L4 z5 v/ ]- A0 U
require that + 从句, 1 m, @8 Z1 K2 M% z' H9 I3 `8 u
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
! Q2 e/ d& n) `( C! w8 D 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
# ]: M' `, `% v( z i" B1 g (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside" |* f$ d& a, V. U ]( T3 ]
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:5 O$ ^0 ?1 q: B! \$ _
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
$ ?! j0 ?% W; \2 E( U6 G8 z- T 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易). ~! b6 B0 g# z& r. J1 ?' x" X
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路( `2 h3 ^3 p4 d
railway: 铁路,铁道
6 a9 M2 r# x4 ^! ?! V* k* k: }2 t roadway: 车道
9 ], b3 s9 x+ H6 A8 Y% M4 H highway: 公路,大道
4 ]% `/ i, N }* g) e; Y subway: 地铁,通道 e0 f' G6 Q1 | J+ s; w" g2 x
airway: 航线 ) l! A1 O7 v4 V0 I! _6 q) h
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?# `$ u: { I$ @1 G0 a8 u( f
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