Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
' F' C) X0 t c* j4 TFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment), n% Q$ A5 x- V. H+ c
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
) g. D' E. X9 B; H2 X. aship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
" M1 O/ b7 i Uthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
2 P M- f8 i" R# e/ U1 l损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
2 H" C& {/ F5 k# a& a& nseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
+ g9 S. d2 k; S8 Bonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).% Z4 r3 x4 a9 {3 {$ N% [2 @/ U7 g8 g
10. 句子:1 Q* F' ^7 I* u: F [
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or $ Z5 K0 z* e/ `4 B
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:9 b# B* v" W3 z& ^1 h. W
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
6 n" `& n% n/ `+ ]# N( { 10.2 from that point
7 }7 N* y& T7 A5 U5 k# p 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
. s9 n( @* H7 @; h. f& G port 港口
( r: X4 O: _ n W! o Q6 R place 地点
! K# w* V. L! s e0 Q point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)5 R9 `( ]( B8 C; q9 K
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)6 [: {3 q a( s' c8 O9 | o
说明:
) e/ {+ B" q A9 [ @% U 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
9 W# U: S2 D7 g3 G 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
' M5 Z* D0 ^9 v3 { 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他# t+ S+ {) d- g6 h4 }
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
( ^ c t( n' v- V1 n3 _, } }0 P$ a3 R 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
; P5 D' y5 K& p/ {, m; ~$ J% c 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通" ]( N9 R/ I- C
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
% v9 U8 b! B: H4 Q. y' u6 x11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
% A/ F5 R& J9 j" O& F require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
' N, C! O" s, D( I3 l0 L( _ require sth (of sb),
8 y) x4 {3 B* ~/ ]9 J require sb to do sth, $ ?0 O& s2 ^/ x$ D7 H
require that + 从句, ) C' `( C: x5 \* j& x& y
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
; |& S: ^. j5 q. g# u+ O1 b 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
# X4 M: U7 i- a" W2 a5 |% Y- w" a (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
0 `. f9 V* e% M (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
e6 ` h8 O. R$ K0 C 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)7 x- b* a3 a, m: A5 Q2 Q7 I
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)3 M- a& h2 }4 C1 X. K& C; p
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路2 Y% ?- n( Y2 A1 Z U: b
railway: 铁路,铁道$ E0 V! a6 P+ C, b1 i. ~1 ?
roadway: 车道: S* I+ V' H+ P* r
highway: 公路,大道, L; h+ D+ `, M& q
subway: 地铁,通道
( L0 c* F4 U5 O3 b6 A: L b airway: 航线 . V, G, D4 L! J& D
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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