Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms( O2 T7 u$ `; }5 `/ F& z5 ^
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
* E# w. v0 A! L- z- N “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
0 }' p/ i& y* f! ^) Mship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
' i; k. F. X j' d1 o* qthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
1 d. l: K" J' i" S E损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
4 T0 D' m7 @6 }: R& X$ C' C' bseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
% L" l- L* ~- u1 T1 ?* |3 B0 t: bonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输). G3 D0 `5 B( M4 _
10. 句子:
) {4 y, |3 x' T: H& N This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or + B( G" k: `& }# D0 E
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:* ?$ n" `, h4 l% \( Y- b) L0 @
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.9 W+ R4 s6 m: a
10.2 from that point
2 a9 J. C, }( P7 }) [ 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:! `) D+ J7 J$ P! a0 j/ a9 n# L2 v* y' d
port 港口: S) B- F3 W3 w6 O
place 地点
9 I- A, r/ s& z+ P7 X; F point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
: A0 V& X$ o, G premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
& s$ I( T3 Q: P* ?9 q 说明:
0 j/ g% N2 Y/ E7 |# N7 r 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
, p8 P1 F1 u4 u, j8 @ 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
/ D& X; F7 N! Q: k+ l( Z+ r! @ g/ W( f 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他9 r6 ?5 }( a0 B3 n; _
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的, K- W5 n" I! h0 }1 O
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的+ m ]/ H4 Y( D# j
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
% @ V6 Q: @+ U$ [ ~4 } 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
" m/ W- Q/ e0 {( {: w" x/ i11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. k: g) X8 J! m3 N4 x/ B
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
, n% z- A# B4 G0 L+ {, g0 a require sth (of sb),
. Q1 q- m" u* g" g3 J8 @0 H require sb to do sth,
! C2 F* j# y, \# g# B E# g; s require that + 从句,
9 V ]4 A, n7 H1 s/ w! i12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
$ q3 q" l6 u( C 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
6 ?: e" h2 s! d (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
/ k8 [, d$ k5 H3 c/ {) S (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:' D( E7 e0 T" W3 m3 [% L( Q
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
7 v% L/ s' r: V$ _ n# Q 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易). a; e1 o+ U& {$ i
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
1 @. D$ T" B3 x railway: 铁路,铁道
2 i0 L$ L; M, p roadway: 车道* ~0 \; B6 l# D( O
highway: 公路,大道
# g$ b/ I! s. |9 p$ z5 M! D subway: 地铁,通道
; R2 n( A* `: s2 D/ R3 j airway: 航线 1 Y+ H q) l6 x7 l- I) v
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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