Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
& y) S. u% p2 m' ^ Q$ P& x) V/ ^FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)% {1 y8 c3 ]6 M# m1 F% ^2 d
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
, c8 B- ]9 }1 Z8 k5 f, ^: Fship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
9 Y' ?) T8 q* v5 d! F4 Jthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及. y% P% L% ^! r6 Q& d' h8 X8 b
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the ' k! k; t' D) @5 k% C2 i8 \2 S
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
3 L+ ?: K( ?+ ]1 P) Z0 ]only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).$ k% K6 }) D) p) D# k/ `. B
10. 句子:( D1 @/ q- `; L" @& N' _" y
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or , C3 W, v+ J! N
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:& r/ W [& a5 W8 R0 o
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
5 M" W( c4 R2 ^- i1 `' u9 r5 U4 f 10.2 from that point9 J; E7 F& G: M$ m3 ^% c2 S
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:3 }5 D4 R( [# c; {! ]+ S1 `
port 港口) F" \% R0 ~. m; ^- N
place 地点6 l/ G* A5 x; K* g' C+ t
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)& a. O( U3 }/ m" O
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)$ h! Z, @9 u# V* j# g
说明:
' q3 J$ ?5 Z: X% K! H0 Z. ? 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
' ^5 `, y% g! j 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:2 B% A. h8 W1 w, ]% v
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
3 Y! D2 Q4 Q) |1 _8 Q 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的; v5 P2 a) @7 y3 T( U/ g! K% t, K
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的- N3 d( a) @4 k
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通+ u8 G1 g+ J4 B1 M4 t6 \4 A* q5 C( }
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务., V/ g/ t3 |8 k0 d/ _
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
" Z& M+ r8 p" }2 z% u |& X require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:. s$ m$ S+ l" O- V S/ X
require sth (of sb),
: K4 m, a, I" n9 Q require sb to do sth,
# O! Z/ Q8 Z* P \- v7 f require that + 从句, + j: r; F- Q# u* I" k* x& T
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:# h5 P( _# {. g. B
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:5 G9 Y, m! ^, j: v( \
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside: Z/ q$ L6 M5 } ?( }
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
1 _7 ?1 o/ G! S# h 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
. S( g# v+ D3 V ^. M4 N% Q# h 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)9 q" |9 ~2 v# w+ Z
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
; w# P r1 Y; ? railway: 铁路,铁道
1 e3 N" E% A$ k4 E Z( p4 `! A: F roadway: 车道
5 v7 W2 V! z# Q9 J3 c$ p3 |# N5 Z highway: 公路,大道. M8 W: q) z! w- w R
subway: 地铁,通道
' x- p5 V: Q5 u8 t7 N. V airway: 航线
4 e1 \1 F; [8 b) I) B- C1 X, S- ~ 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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