Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
* N& b9 ^9 { L# N) E; f9 m# FFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)& a- r! {6 T, u
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
5 [' e" `$ B! N$ k# ^2 x+ d4 }ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means # x0 z6 u# t3 K3 `
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及- p4 Q: S' }$ L" R
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
- G% S0 C: _6 w1 x u& Rseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
( b5 {, Z" ^+ ^, f) J+ fonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).; F7 e' |/ D+ ^0 y
10. 句子:
9 t* }- X( q# \& Q# l+ E( ` This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
3 q- K0 o) k5 H6 v" B% O( e damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
1 ]- c4 u8 {! U0 _( e 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
# t/ F; N9 K) R2 r! n# p, l 10.2 from that point
: U/ ]- r- [6 G. v! [- Z 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
& f) D' ] |2 ~/ ^ port 港口 h8 H) w! R0 H* J, P* Q! H
place 地点
$ I* D F( |5 [7 D; ] point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
- |; {2 z3 s g6 R" d: ?) l; q) ` premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
! ]3 Z* \& h' h* Z. \ 说明: $ K5 v- c$ l' Y, F! Y
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分2 E( u/ g! ^; ~, B3 E7 E) l9 p q
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:% x: g, T, O0 X' t
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
1 a1 B* Z4 |) `* h# A7 B 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的$ G4 n* l8 }% b
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的 n- b4 C5 `: D$ K) n
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通8 P7 f$ k- E+ b0 o6 c( X
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务., a6 L4 [) m- T
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. " o6 H! M: r$ m+ K C' d, Y
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:. ?9 i( ~$ e- f9 U v
require sth (of sb), : P9 K- `' ^7 K O( F
require sb to do sth, 3 \5 L' o" g4 P& z5 t4 s% y
require that + 从句, ! O8 \- Q8 V! r/ a
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
8 k3 W/ B. h5 [2 u 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:6 r5 C. A, Q7 c* ]2 V' Y$ Q
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside! N5 J/ g+ z! {/ J' j1 j# @
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:. @+ M% W0 I; I9 k8 v1 r: D
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
2 o) z5 R! z1 A' W; W 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)$ N1 S% m% F- M! ~5 k0 P/ E
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
1 n9 z, `- D5 r, H. }( B- B railway: 铁路,铁道
7 I( g0 G& S% i& w roadway: 车道* I9 ~' M0 `) w6 _6 \- `
highway: 公路,大道
/ v& Y' `# D f# r" d s subway: 地铁,通道
5 N7 a9 V* `8 T4 i airway: 航线
3 d, W; t/ m# ?& r6 z& b 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?5 g5 \8 T# Z+ p7 y
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