Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms& Y" f1 f' y$ _# [- K6 T7 N: c
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)' f) V6 J) `1 [( S# K8 Y, i4 |* p
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 5 y% x$ {: g5 W% ^$ M3 j! X
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
k/ S6 X; Y: }+ K8 C, Jthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及! t% O& ]2 k8 N+ k9 R' t, H
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 6 d; v) y7 x$ }- R
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
' n% W$ J$ Y" L$ L$ D& jonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
! Q, d. `+ Q- q& \! |% k10. 句子:
2 j2 p; x8 I# q+ G" ^( {! A This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or - d9 O" m4 D1 a# n# ^ T
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
: @; M f. V) S5 d" I9 u 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.3 w; F3 S8 l7 x
10.2 from that point: e( Z V0 \, ]; I6 d' S- x
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
i5 g; R% Z) i port 港口
$ G& N3 v2 `) Z3 }6 v place 地点' ~0 p9 q- P8 q2 m" F3 i) u" M
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)6 [3 A' q. }( H, ~7 V2 C9 a
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
' j/ v& [4 L" x8 Y. u4 O# H; X- G 说明:
9 F( h0 ]" Y: A 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
; q( V% d* I }4 g/ d' G a6 Q7 k 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
+ G/ {$ Q$ N. m4 a8 t* x 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他* I A( C* E; U$ [
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
5 G, c+ K. c0 O9 F% O2 U5 Y7 s& e 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
) G0 I, D8 t2 B- ]6 J4 X& v- j7 ^) D 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
4 f" w% E. y( K* S3 Q1 b 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.# C0 I* [- L5 o; h$ |
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
. y' }- h' y) I# X. D require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
% e. R* R: ]0 a! q5 [ require sth (of sb),
* W( T( c8 j. t- D& V require sb to do sth,
7 r% [# x: A( Q" I9 ^ require that + 从句,
; B( z! ]/ G& a! X# J, W" E12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:4 h4 u1 N- v7 e6 R s( [) X
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:0 ]+ F' x, z5 r7 p0 ~# Q p! P
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
! ?' F4 B- ]/ B, S, C+ o8 G (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:! r+ S5 G" ?# ?. K: e! T1 M
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)2 X3 I1 p: ~* x3 @" F$ C! J
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
2 }% \+ G- c5 U 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路3 x' ], f. c+ d8 b8 ]! M f
railway: 铁路,铁道9 [# b; m6 O D$ i: j
roadway: 车道
. P$ d3 V5 A# l, ?" H highway: 公路,大道3 y/ u( {! n# Q2 c: ?1 M
subway: 地铁,通道7 N! |, Z4 F% U* _
airway: 航线
4 K1 z3 M2 @' s! R( q( } 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?2 }% O/ @7 b/ u H
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