Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
+ x' T2 o+ c1 B# y) F: u0 { Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
* H( \( {0 h1 ^+ Jdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
3 [$ V- p$ x Yundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
, j: K" C; I6 m* N4 w- {stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 9 z0 Z6 _5 d* O6 B( [8 \3 n
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected * D$ {; d/ T3 e9 H0 K
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
* s4 X. t" s% Tthese services are:
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8 v$ V( S4 W2 k课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
. `! N7 t. u* [6 S' n6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
1 f! h! _6 \6 g s; j Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
5 E& I4 E! E/ @; @, T+ |" b: z* l = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
6 Q" N- ?% o( M, ]9 D 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
& B0 i& i' Q4 b: [) C( C) T 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”6 h/ a7 ?5 J, s
6.1.2 attend
! n7 O5 e( M6 h2 V" w, T+ Z( n5 _ (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 6 T9 h# x. B8 s T9 n
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
6 x' M, n6 f& B t0 |% E, | 例如: attend to one’s work
+ K, O/ N! o5 C9 i/ J5 a f (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to2 j& V/ G) r6 K [4 x
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
1 ]) N- h% K" c, Q- T 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities9 Q7 z& U" S- T6 S$ x6 u
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)1 M& u: q/ `. t9 `
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” 2 e; Z3 J N; |; @2 }
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
3 i- [- h/ N( Q' Z. Z (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
. @3 G' l2 l4 E$ T documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ! w" Y& G2 H5 H, R- G2 t5 `
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
% |8 m3 O$ [% n. ^% h) s 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
' }7 X$ B% J$ b, W document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
% w' m! M. n% g: b. j [2 m (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)! g5 ?$ s% e! v
the customs formalities (海关手续)
! f W1 ?: J- d( @4 v go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
7 H2 z3 R; i/ b' s句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:+ T; K4 m) C0 g! M, x, ^3 |! A# w
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
/ t" y4 u* ^* [' R 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些- t" r% ~2 G S" j
繁杂手续的话…5 P1 n& e6 H s, O6 i
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 7 O4 U8 Z" l8 @3 p
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构 r! O' y) }- l( [# L9 G0 P
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调. K( j) C8 ^+ s8 A; E/ k4 |: l
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
1 o ^9 ^- @0 s: A9 m! w* B 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
+ p& E5 Z8 J; |7 M, ` 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
% @$ u# G8 O' r. \, {) m8 W (1) process 名词.
. S( T0 @# e& t/ n+ ? process = series of operations deliberately unertaken0 w' @4 G4 a$ H/ c+ S! Q2 V
例如: distribution process. d7 Y2 G6 d: e
(2) process 动词.) i8 s" {0 U, k* g
process = to prepare and examine in details' d) u4 K1 Z2 A/ R2 R
例如: process the movement of goods
% j5 b4 e @8 {- W# X句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
9 M% {. [2 p& H* O ... through the various stages involved.
% ~! T/ Z/ `/ {( W- Z1 s# h* y 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action1 n) I$ a! N- N& k* v& w
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:+ Y# g0 Y7 ~0 G" i
(1) 使...陷入,拖累/ D3 y5 x7 ^5 b5 I3 {
(2) 包围,笼罩
$ S; H8 I [5 q0 s6 g$ q) y$ \4 z (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思& z% L7 \3 C9 \& G
7. 句子: " e' [) G. q* L5 w. n' I W7 T
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
# B) ]" H. t# ^9 A, R subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:' D5 [9 N8 [' V9 x2 G
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
4 N: I4 _! I1 c+ M2 U; G( Q 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
8 e3 h/ U. x4 g% x$ Q: t5 ~ 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思0 d& d. A u3 j, V3 |; R& \) }
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
( u- f8 b" a2 \ submarine (潜水艇)
" \, B/ T' l' Q8 X; b: r subway(地铁); q7 J v' z; S3 E; D2 u
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的3 o, K# M9 ?0 s
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包6 A) g/ e5 J3 Z
给第三者而签订的合同)
4 T' O8 Y, ~! O U: V$ I; h subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
4 p+ [: k% N+ D! h subagent 副代理人
9 z% k, Y3 \# C+ } subcontinent 次大陆 & \$ @; B- r8 c' z7 D4 H9 r0 I* U: z$ }* p
subsonic 亚音速
5 b) M e$ u( o9 L% X" \ subroutine 子程序 6 U& h z3 _% \" v0 Z/ s
7.2 关于这个 through :3 F) I/ A0 H, Z# f
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.; v+ u: A& ~& E' b' f) r+ Z
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of : K) X- y' b0 I+ o- ^
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
9 `9 P* I5 X8 B3 y2 S* [ 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
8 O! l0 ]3 \; p) u+ e: l# g; P% a* j 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
D$ Z, J5 |5 {- X8 n4 n) m4 ]+ n through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
$ \0 U" _0 g- i- A through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)$ d: r) m1 \- C6 V$ w# @$ p+ L9 r2 F
8. 句子: 1 h! r. M* L' Y1 M0 q! Z7 s
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his 0 U( R8 L6 g H
overseas agents. 在句子中:
2 P" p2 l+ Z, ]' `' K+ E; C5 P 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词. S) M. i1 q6 q/ j" P
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)$ Y( X, I4 F! H) b! G4 ?
其形容词: utilizable ) W$ r& V! M9 e
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
- w, }/ @& U! B. t briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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