Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
/ u$ L6 B$ D1 J& j! P* v Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and" v7 ?1 W( f' x5 z4 S. A; q
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who ; p. n/ n: B! R" ?7 n; b/ W& F2 `$ _$ }
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various# r8 T7 A7 z/ s' s( p3 B6 W
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 5 m/ {# Y: q# _& n7 U4 o6 [- ^& K
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 3 e8 H3 b6 B, d. c8 w; `6 u
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
1 u$ k4 C9 s! }/ sthese services are:, t, c" p ~( ], ?* [0 p
0 V9 B+ a) P' ]% B7 ~9 h" g6 m课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
* q' a" K' R; r" A$ s x8 K9 j6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
& V: ]/ a# g9 L: j& ^8 m1 I Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … $ G" H" W+ C1 W: _3 F
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …/ v! _4 ~* v$ \
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
8 p3 h8 A/ v; X. Q% A) q q 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”& x7 Z$ F5 |, s1 N
6.1.2 attend " y) H% }/ G& g% B/ |4 A! P- P
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 5 j6 ?# G! j! Q' E
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 9 l; t8 F4 c1 X* K& l3 ]6 Y+ J
例如: attend to one’s work
+ Y; n% u6 p8 e- n (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
/ S6 {& z8 A% @3 j1 L (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
+ R0 u" A; G" e+ O1 r. ~ 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
2 K1 U% d# T1 h/ y* z (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
7 o# ^2 p5 Y9 V1 k0 l8 C procedural 形容词, “程序上的” / _" T8 M( P4 ]# h. N
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
$ u' Y u7 e/ _' z (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
4 {7 h) {% \8 ^; s' Q2 m+ t documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
" G6 I, ^$ P9 j documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 6 ]" E8 w2 p8 M8 t! P
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
+ i& S2 @% Z( K2 ^" u document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” # d% \3 G( J+ s) C4 }4 W* ]
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)+ l$ z9 T/ y2 [/ c
the customs formalities (海关手续)
2 `% K* c/ @# a) x! e0 x go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
( D' p; r9 i; c- s; y/ p句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
( a2 x3 F0 r+ p6 r" a; R4 v 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
3 X. S8 O. }4 {, Q# \4 u, D 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些6 J0 b6 g# D$ i9 C. [) {
繁杂手续的话…
6 v+ r5 g4 z4 e9 P6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 4 s# c, i$ B l$ D( J+ f9 d. ~
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
7 w2 f, r$ }. a; h of goods...* i- ^9 L7 m* X: h2 T# k
. B9 v# k0 L6 D/ J7 i( y 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构2 [1 J5 Y; @" j/ s) t
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调; r2 C# I! M+ w. ]
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
6 M J# T# u9 o+ O6 k) Z 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 5 v: b2 K: b( ^% M8 j' f% E' ^6 V. U6 n
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
2 t# x1 T- h+ _6 r" @. q$ u5 B (1) process 名词. # d) ]4 ?* h4 t: @2 }
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
5 Q9 i/ f# S `; u) }, t4 G; A 例如: distribution process
8 v, o4 W) G. W8 C7 s ] (2) process 动词.
# \; o+ E) D2 y, B" X! Y process = to prepare and examine in details
2 A6 k( E* R. h# O3 N2 ? 例如: process the movement of goods: `& f+ ~8 H) j& H. K
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
; H+ h/ U$ F- g ... through the various stages involved. ( ~3 ^& N& M7 Q( z
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
6 T( k8 F/ X7 u4 ?* z- R3 h' m! o 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:4 k+ ^( ]+ b0 H H* B# ]
(1) 使...陷入,拖累) S- Z, s2 t2 n% y# C7 u
(2) 包围,笼罩& V7 G, k' F1 `) ]& }
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思8 K) U: M; I/ {# x! b
7. 句子:
' `" r5 d8 h- g: B( o) @, G$ v The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 9 ^* Q' f& x, {( H! s
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
/ V! z$ H. c* H1 e 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
# K+ j! v8 G# D, o5 l/ T 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
1 [* M" B/ b; p 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
# ^, V5 y6 {5 h+ \. f. X 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
( u% F) y; ]1 s3 \0 }! X# c submarine (潜水艇)
" G% @4 n+ H- h' t" W subway(地铁)0 p4 B( ]( n1 D' X% S7 p" q# M" P
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
1 P# Q6 H& g/ r$ ~. r- A( ~$ G subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包& I7 @% o: w; c% L; @
给第三者而签订的合同) R1 q: f* P; N1 W* k9 g; C, ^1 }
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
- j+ Q/ |+ l- T% p subagent 副代理人" ~% _# `% ]6 j2 h5 q7 y: ^0 G, r2 U
subcontinent 次大陆 ; `5 k, b! k+ e
subsonic 亚音速/ w! C. ~0 ^: C
subroutine 子程序 ) c" @8 Z/ A# j' i* b- u" M" Z
7.2 关于这个 through :8 s( a2 \/ l1 C5 F. a5 {# U% X
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
4 M5 J ]/ G+ }! }2 E* N9 R- b5 l7 ` 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of ( N* y7 }, l* T+ R
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)' K. d# L3 Q, [7 y- y$ C7 f$ |
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
% x! j! v8 D& l$ L' x% ] 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
3 T2 n9 @6 E- D. \. F3 Q through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
1 Y( i. I6 S# E; A3 s4 y through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)2 x3 R5 D+ l9 l6 M* v3 H6 V
8. 句子: - E, Z) K- i# d3 y6 V. [/ d0 S& c7 P
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
3 x. L$ H ~; \' I8 ` overseas agents. 在句子中:
9 J" n; {" l7 x9 K 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
0 h% ?, n3 R! n" Z 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用), C/ c0 z$ k+ l
其形容词: utilizable
' O: Q M+ @' t# z8 Y4 o9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
! v& Q( j% Q) f ]' A" a! s briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思! \* R" H8 D! Z Z/ W k" D4 `
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