Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
3 V/ n* s& V L6 i: H- D x Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and7 X& F) Z) p4 L. q+ p0 B
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 3 `7 `+ z7 E$ m6 f7 }
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various- q- c5 D/ g1 O, }. p+ y
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
9 U$ [ Q( B4 I- S, a a+ g# othrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
" M9 f$ ^, \* Jto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
# `7 g6 ?8 M! i1 [* d- `* [these services are:) n" Y- n y( h) {
. j* ^( o6 C" ]) c: c4 _9 e课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
6 c$ U( \8 F' @% f, X# C" ~! s6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
3 y- V9 T! R- b& N" x8 W/ k- Y Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
' w) v$ z' k& w5 w7 @( k4 L = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
- k2 K' o+ n9 J 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. , u, j' Q; v, F+ b7 \) n
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
+ R$ v) S/ h8 b3 G3 C 6.1.2 attend
; J6 X( V# a `: t (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting ) }8 [$ x8 u9 s& D& c/ e) }
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” " Z' t" d# M1 |: w! f
例如: attend to one’s work * J4 b+ C. h( Q4 O( r1 |
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to% L* S( j6 Y9 W% w
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to; N- w* K, \" v/ Q7 l- h! _
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities5 M- c) I' D! h8 B K# e+ v
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续): Y* b& v: ], a1 F2 {% w
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
0 W3 g) ^2 t5 { procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” - J6 j" V8 f1 c: L
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
. H4 ?! G" G1 B documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ) c" a7 C6 P# G% Y8 H) _
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 7 F( P. Y0 f* N7 }6 c- c, A
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)0 ]( d% R7 h1 A' ?+ b% G
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” ' j7 o) W" i# Z2 u' }- Z
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)1 s$ {" n. A7 H$ c! g
the customs formalities (海关手续)# W* ^! X: ]3 j5 A+ x6 j4 D) }
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)& @; _, f( I8 U
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
# Y9 S% }4 ]5 W; q1 z6 S5 x! x, G 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
$ \+ G ?# `3 E' g) y0 M 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些, f- w0 o3 I }( V
繁杂手续的话…$ m3 p% t3 M1 N) r3 s3 J8 n4 Z4 ^
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 5 o2 J- F7 l) ^! X2 m. {' W# B9 e
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 3 R" S1 Y. l9 M- A% @! V1 G E
of goods...7 E) X: H- Y$ R2 F4 K @. }9 c
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
2 F0 U) V- G |$ A& K 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调3 S4 _8 ^& w: L4 R
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”/ r2 F5 K J& [9 j( P
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
" B$ c/ X$ r: |, L- B 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:% T. r! ] {" Q- L$ K% R( q, ^
(1) process 名词.
# f! v) }9 k! z1 i( v/ Y, @ process = series of operations deliberately unertaken4 J. K0 ?0 B: M7 C1 E9 |
例如: distribution process) E4 _& k2 q( L) |0 ^3 g5 D
(2) process 动词.
% `6 |9 Z0 z3 y* J3 A5 T process = to prepare and examine in details
8 I. Q) R7 L( m. s6 P" t 例如: process the movement of goods9 q, }* Y+ S, | w# j7 Y) V
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:4 C6 C5 j7 i) F9 g
... through the various stages involved. # M4 j: ] P8 L) a+ g% \( X3 b
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
$ ^ h% j- ^- l8 {- B; F 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
7 n/ B* s6 X5 }# S' |5 ?& C (1) 使...陷入,拖累
/ C ^ M& J& u% V, [ Z (2) 包围,笼罩
5 i/ i/ T% d: m$ \7 g% B (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
- g0 U. W. n7 |) A( W1 V! E2 n. v/ }. m7. 句子:
+ `; ~5 v$ S; C8 J9 U- I% h The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
- N; r( h9 l% c$ O& C- y- ] subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
0 X7 [! r. `+ X. F8 J0 R$ v 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:1 B: z9 u1 J% P* @- B% o/ q4 s- X5 O
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
: E# v: Y U1 w2 G! S1 ~$ t; w2 | 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思+ Z+ q9 r! K/ p) Y
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的0 Z+ p) D) k- Q9 V
submarine (潜水艇)
1 U f" h, b( X- U subway(地铁)" J2 u. C& R- U7 q, L! U
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
6 @: ^/ N5 ?/ D$ q( _" X7 w subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包- Y3 z8 K- _, {
给第三者而签订的合同)! Y2 A. p' J0 J% `/ J5 z
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
# H" I/ x/ I7 ?* D subagent 副代理人
. I/ l8 Y1 X# J! H9 M subcontinent 次大陆 2 o; Q3 D P. _" G( @% q3 E) D
subsonic 亚音速" e, c7 G. n, f; a2 z- g
subroutine 子程序
) F V0 R5 N& ^* S% C- @ 7.2 关于这个 through :, J. r- k+ t# G8 }/ [* }
前句中: ... through the various stages involved./ P% @' B% Q; A( r3 A
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
5 G" h7 A1 Y% l) f r) T# s "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
& Z: R0 s% B$ a4 t+ I 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
" H; T( f+ V& J+ H 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 8 h# d& b- y" t% l. s
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)$ W8 W4 f! Y+ I7 U( X/ c; @; q
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由). @8 \! {" [! M# R
8. 句子: 0 c/ a5 R) d# w* C& h
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
5 R7 T* ?! R# {6 H! O overseas agents. 在句子中:
* M4 _+ k9 E+ D. x! V, D. h' C: { 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词; x6 r& B# j1 N4 p
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用): c- I7 s) {0 M* v+ v1 \! e, [
其形容词: utilizable
. P) q+ X4 a8 Z6 E4 n$ w' `9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:! I7 m) m8 K9 K& u. W$ C
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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