Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services. p; u# \' T3 I. i3 F5 o+ g' S* P
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and# e5 w$ e+ L( T. H/ I4 F7 N2 |8 m
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
! @4 E: z& H9 b8 b4 r f' J4 {undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various& h/ D7 ]1 O+ k9 C
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
4 I0 H0 L5 z l% T2 ~through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
; @1 n) C1 z3 ^* @& ?+ Nto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 0 a8 L6 K: B/ I' p+ w4 D9 V" P
these services are:) A! F* b$ d. d6 X; _/ v# a
& @: Z/ Z3 o5 D5 c课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.6 r4 M( b, ^7 D' k
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
; R0 h. L* A, U$ ?+ c/ @/ {$ N Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
" q0 g' h2 @) S = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …* ]/ F7 E8 f/ i% L
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
. e& R4 I, c& E! Z: ? 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
: X- p# i! j. I2 z/ E 6.1.2 attend
* _7 T7 ]: P. O (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
* P+ C7 B/ o; c% V: H. ~( `; ^7 e (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
2 u: P) i% j6 z2 N: X5 G: H+ I% X9 ~) o 例如: attend to one’s work $ A" [0 Z g: {4 o! q' o
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to) s' t/ O! a2 x4 s! D+ `
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
0 X' h3 [, }$ S" s 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
3 V+ X/ p/ L5 i3 u' K9 F! S; X; w1 z (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
% E5 ] u. V1 K* O procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
! {8 U8 x9 B/ @0 z' r procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
( B$ d& @( D7 }' Y4 H (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
# z9 v4 C- T y/ P# _ documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
* R6 T! _6 t1 h! B ^9 x6 Q7 s, M documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
. x' d! o" W( q9 m+ Z 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
5 L# v w4 R' K+ Q: t& w document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” & P3 y: ]: ~7 \5 Z
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)+ I( I& l" v4 H7 ^( A* s
the customs formalities (海关手续)1 U$ y+ i) i- V# t
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)$ m: X! g0 a/ s5 V2 N- J
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:4 I, F$ M i. i: Z! ~
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
& A& Y' T. q6 q% T9 H; {. |0 d; Q6 C 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些 d6 x( H$ M" I& \+ \& T
繁杂手续的话… Y$ v& _* ?, K6 Z8 ?. O$ X
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: : |# D0 S' u. I, O+ a
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
9 ]# D Q% I5 ^9 P of goods...
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" ?! X5 W: [# A9 D7 _ 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
7 K% z6 h6 Z( i% ~0 Z) ?7 m 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
* o0 h0 S: P6 {1 R2 f the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
$ s0 } X& |* }+ @ 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
2 |7 F M- }7 l! p' _, o( D 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:! ?1 O! Q2 }' K1 i" x7 N: f
(1) process 名词.
7 T8 D( `! E& v# j% n, i process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
# s# {6 n8 x( n; @ 例如: distribution process
8 E, |1 h2 \0 m0 j (2) process 动词.7 G5 r) o" f/ L6 q/ n. S: `
process = to prepare and examine in details
$ j# P$ a5 X3 Q$ \! y( E 例如: process the movement of goods
' z4 a0 J. s+ C6 }) v$ c句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:. b/ m2 ?+ H H( T5 s/ a) N
... through the various stages involved.
, X% q' V- m' x% e8 X2 X; j" O 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
7 L9 S& \% q) r# D/ S; N 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:+ o2 p) N) Q, b# m. d
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
. ?/ _' q- X$ ?9 Z5 _, L (2) 包围,笼罩
* [- O/ m" ^. L# o3 l$ J* Y (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
( `7 W: h R( p: ]! w7. 句子:
/ M/ V/ C5 e# ?+ O9 Z The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through : d+ \2 ` |% |5 X* _: E% Q8 L
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
) n8 ^3 b1 M( v 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:/ |2 h3 N+ \# B+ K7 n$ S
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
0 ~: S9 R5 E9 ` 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
9 v6 n/ i- J, g# ], R 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的6 E( `0 ]: Y1 d* M/ l
submarine (潜水艇)
, Z7 J% Y5 p [/ Y6 h2 c subway(地铁) |2 C9 S2 q1 E$ i% u; Q" ^
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的& e n) O8 E! j3 n% ~0 J! h6 B
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
! i, t& \, v7 ~0 O4 u) i0 X( B 给第三者而签订的合同)
1 `3 }2 M9 \) g3 k subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者' k" x/ G- d8 Z
subagent 副代理人
" @' A* {. M' o subcontinent 次大陆
% H$ N6 J! f# Y, F subsonic 亚音速5 r- \8 D' {; y/ `0 {: f
subroutine 子程序 / x# T% r% ?# G7 j
7.2 关于这个 through :
1 {. v% q0 P0 T# [1 j2 j7 _ 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
7 R$ X( \4 z& [- |5 l1 s 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
9 e) _. J X' t: A "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)" n$ F( T+ r, b+ ]
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.' \% F9 c" K: |
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, " k. v; _0 y6 n) h2 Y) @/ G
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
4 h( a K& V4 N- F" E# D0 g0 ? through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)( q8 C. h8 A2 |" P+ o
8. 句子: 8 M$ I, t" j2 @8 I! y
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his 4 g. i, G7 \0 f* D; b
overseas agents. 在句子中:
) _: B, g* P. A5 m' R 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词) {$ ^1 s# W) S4 A' l4 t( Y
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)% L+ T& {4 o# q0 _$ v3 D, p4 S
其形容词: utilizable
; \: q+ Y% G i$ A# `( K' Y9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
6 r+ t {. b! ?5 H( g2 J- X _, h briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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