Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
# S9 c- ? A9 M Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and7 Y5 w5 l9 }8 V5 _
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
0 W7 S% \) c: N3 Gundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various- e; f8 q/ v; P6 W
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
2 `; y+ ^/ ?" e: z/ Athrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected e# {" R; W9 q- p3 d( Z
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
' p& W0 c" t% S L7 q9 D1 Y+ othese services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
% g; N- ^3 j$ K) M6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
6 N4 `( `; x$ U6 ~5 c- ? Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
! {0 x7 E: [% R, E9 A- d = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
9 I8 t* u6 a5 g5 S2 s- H 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. : C* T/ | U" v4 x
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”! P: p& E- O% k1 c) }
6.1.2 attend
5 ^6 k/ ~6 e! E6 ~9 R2 n4 l (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
* P7 E0 a5 L: o) x (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
% e4 z* v+ j" ^% L/ b& V 例如: attend to one’s work 5 a& R3 k1 F$ {5 t
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
$ E# v# s) L& R0 }% _ [1 n: X (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
# a! @3 o& l+ n# E7 o8 u& d 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
8 [0 p/ N" W! e2 A! m6 q (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)- g: H7 ?* A4 B. J( i
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
/ t2 \! C* `' c; s procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” ; l2 s# x" j' G' \* w
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
+ l' o# Z& ?+ [ documentary 形容词, “单证上的” + B2 O* u& C- [' T
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
! C- P: Q- p7 x5 F" `5 n 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)- W7 L8 N f6 b4 ~& w/ A
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
4 n9 F# r9 D. c( h (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)1 Q# R! ?& K; l. j
the customs formalities (海关手续)- G% `. d9 W, r1 u$ d
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
3 Y9 P+ ]/ ~! L( Y: k/ O6 \' F6 G句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
# t% i2 R! T& N7 o0 @ 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. ; i$ }4 h9 }3 v5 ]: ^* ]; h
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
: h) o! W2 k) { 繁杂手续的话…
$ e- @# ~3 O: m4 ]3 D7 {6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: ) P3 |) k2 C6 E- f+ g
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement + E& l" f; D, T; D6 i! V
of goods...% D, x7 v5 n! C
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
7 k$ t7 u! \8 s4 D2 B$ R 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
* `) ~# H& w+ S$ { the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”% F3 y. H D, t7 i+ @
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 9 h W+ t& `* I) Z% F! K6 |& Z3 k3 q3 R
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
0 u3 h1 H7 s: D3 p5 k X/ o (1) process 名词. 0 v$ }5 k) A1 C1 p0 }2 r
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
' X) e1 ^& q( ~9 F) Q8 z* { 例如: distribution process
- o, r* i+ e) Y (2) process 动词.8 d% t: k# J4 `( Z3 M' J
process = to prepare and examine in details
$ J# h5 n3 o4 ^ 例如: process the movement of goods( D( t2 Q1 n0 q7 d) e7 b% T: Z. l
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
% u5 f7 ^! Z5 R" H) n ... through the various stages involved. * l2 e) \% u. I! o; J7 w! i5 X
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action0 n4 ` M& q. {) A
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:5 M- L% m* q! _) Q' w
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
& r# q* g( b2 L (2) 包围,笼罩
; c7 q0 {2 n) P5 g (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思3 N) F3 T7 E: T0 e6 C2 f
7. 句子: - W( |0 F$ W; l$ n4 O& a! L1 Y
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 2 u t& ^3 L8 }3 Y
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
/ `3 N" J. o% @ N& W8 @5 c6 g- | 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
$ Q# {3 |- v2 R. {6 h 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.3 j" B5 i! f1 a) R4 K. J
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思7 b, {; r/ k6 I9 Z' k6 A
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的# A6 [) h- k* q; G+ [; ^
submarine (潜水艇)/ p7 O$ K" l U
subway(地铁)1 k& ?/ b) h, D2 ~2 ~. [) K
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
4 a; m0 c3 H3 b3 x7 i5 L subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包1 x; n% S+ N7 b! }4 z/ @+ u
给第三者而签订的合同)
& b$ Y& L, r/ ?3 v' L+ Y+ ` subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者: x) a; m" h) k9 \
subagent 副代理人" z+ c+ u* A: o$ t+ v) c$ l6 I" a
subcontinent 次大陆 & ^ q/ b; k/ h0 ?0 C# P' c6 d
subsonic 亚音速
* H( @2 G9 ]( ]; T3 j: ` F subroutine 子程序 / h1 O9 d1 l/ v; o+ X
7.2 关于这个 through : Q8 }8 C5 b+ v, E5 j
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
; D; S8 @8 g6 @- z0 S9 w 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of & g; l8 q* s: }
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)0 O# `+ x* I7 L; U& D) S
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him. j/ E% @9 @5 z1 Q' d& D
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
5 ?% T+ N' g ` through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
' L3 U; e2 E6 I through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)" l/ D. s h; ]: I' j, H
8. 句子: " a' s5 `. n+ n Z8 B
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his 0 [! R! z V/ o$ r# P# b* I I* U
overseas agents. 在句子中:
* n+ S3 E7 s! n& E 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词9 _$ a1 C. e; _
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
8 K! S' x) D/ ]. L& M 其形容词: utilizable
8 o0 F6 Y0 ^+ W+ g3 r0 ?& k9 }. D9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:! {$ s2 J2 q! X3 R; B1 ?" J" Y
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思; ?1 ]( v8 \4 D2 x: v" F! Z
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