Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services: U9 U( v E8 m* I
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
R$ u3 p- E3 | }documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
0 c2 `* f. o) h7 @% X0 F, f6 ?# dundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
+ s9 G0 _; {- P" W3 V1 i# A7 ?- J4 i9 qstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or - ?. z- `1 }$ |! ~, j1 S! @
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected . A" x! |9 R/ h9 w: x8 @/ H
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, i* U* S% D! a/ L
these services are:
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2 }- ?8 i+ p& }. s课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
, Z+ V+ @1 H, E& ?$ P6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
& S6 d7 M3 U3 G& f7 ?+ x9 V" ^) y Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … |- w# e+ L8 G
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
8 i, I+ n, I; u' k: T" @1 k 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. . Z$ p( o* r- R9 N
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
. @/ V6 @% h% h* R2 N& u% w/ Q. u 6.1.2 attend
3 F7 l1 J2 T# W2 S) i' s+ ? (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
* W* A2 A w5 H/ V% s, S (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” : g! @6 r8 u+ r0 x; J) {
例如: attend to one’s work 5 }; m6 ?% Q8 f3 ~3 r% H
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
; s( j5 [! x1 X3 r B5 i) U8 d2 B (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to2 S2 L: N$ C4 P) y
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
; R/ D3 b: w3 m0 b b( ^# y# d (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)/ X) R; W, C( x! V
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” * R1 P1 X9 a+ M. a
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 7 ^. z5 W% d- ~$ p/ o
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)/ b) q5 l( X/ ]6 S: `; Z. S
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
, ~+ D2 z5 A/ ?+ T, i" b" x' | documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
1 h: K4 y6 h2 p. E8 P5 i 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
; j1 |1 \/ } c5 X2 ~7 k+ X. [ document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 2 E3 {1 V1 L' x6 y
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
2 ~6 w3 B; t. q7 a: k7 J the customs formalities (海关手续)
3 C6 g# T u" O- _: V7 E" F go through due formalities (经过正式手续)( I. { [7 l; x, R8 J8 C' f+ h
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
6 D/ B) h7 e9 D/ {4 w d" d 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 0 h' g4 `8 h, s$ P: E4 M0 x: ^
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
4 [0 i) e3 r) ?# }8 p+ V 繁杂手续的话…
4 ]2 T1 f0 w1 w( o. D. |& t6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: ; X5 Z. {$ ?/ |! n* @, o* m
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement $ E' ?7 b. E: w% N& r# N0 W" G U
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
: Z' J3 x1 P: Z, f 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调) u0 e6 a. j) M5 R# e0 d6 ~; I: b
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”( `9 i( ?7 j5 n H
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
( D% }/ i, L- T" ^8 d5 y 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
1 _. f/ A: O8 L( N# p) a/ q (1) process 名词. 1 `+ \; `5 H# ]) @3 }9 x4 ~4 t, m
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken3 f E( n( S' d1 [) b; ], r: A
例如: distribution process' K+ c% G; ` l3 r
(2) process 动词.
+ o1 r; ]( F2 S process = to prepare and examine in details
* I. {" O! G$ Y# G4 P 例如: process the movement of goods7 T6 B0 E4 b, P8 A
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 {5 d# g: X* B ... through the various stages involved. 1 t/ h- |9 J) ?' Y8 W |
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
* `; ^7 X D3 g& z7 ] 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:9 K) q/ R2 x+ I3 V9 a% t& _
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
+ O H0 n% C2 B a: a1 \ (2) 包围,笼罩' ^' ]( L1 o/ Q) |# k% R" W G, Y9 s, m
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思7 i/ r W. W2 G$ ^
7. 句子: ( ~0 l6 t* v6 N" O, ?+ Y$ c
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
8 L. {/ I, c8 O& ? subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中: j q5 A; Y- C
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:! n( w! W- T J8 J1 b* L2 C- R( s
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人." [! L$ B' A1 E* }6 S" P' {
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思8 u& B, Z; Z' ?; I9 Y
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
8 B5 m. ]% ^+ V$ v. p submarine (潜水艇)
3 I( j) |: l- z* M subway(地铁)
' f* N# T8 P7 K# E6 F 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的- y9 @0 B' m. }
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
3 {4 C+ ]) c7 ]% l Y1 y 给第三者而签订的合同)9 |( q; k1 ^# B, R& ~
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
# I% E& s. E! p0 N: M subagent 副代理人: `* r9 D$ ~6 S6 @
subcontinent 次大陆 , i; Y- y6 D. |+ X5 {+ N g3 g6 x4 @
subsonic 亚音速
: g' @3 {, X% V. L, R1 l& j3 X subroutine 子程序
6 y: r3 B* P* r 7.2 关于这个 through :
P( t/ a) h# P 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
* f: H0 x6 B0 i w 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 1 H: G' x) v+ K, \; E" n
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
/ F( G" z, @2 ^1 ?1 W* X 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
/ ~* ~; ]- d8 M+ s* i. z0 d. i 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, : ]) @' `- b3 X- o" J' c
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)+ g7 ]" E+ R8 j4 q5 W6 c( y) j
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由) E3 d- i& `" x4 ?: U. M7 v
8. 句子:
* z% W. M+ s: k2 j He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ( n: K% A0 [ _6 ~2 C
overseas agents. 在句子中:
8 r# X u0 q. s& z* [ 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
4 _1 }1 a. P9 T8 m4 s, l0 a 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)& g/ T& C. |, Z& r: K
其形容词: utilizable 3 S. L8 H+ @5 {& U% [3 G4 A
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:3 f6 T" N/ r& I5 a
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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