Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services: s- g* c/ J9 S) |7 F0 ]: _9 k
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
! U+ T3 M- g; ^# \; [- ~4 R- xdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
4 [, i' O; U" L. W5 }+ V+ eundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various w& @& e) C6 c
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or $ N+ j" `9 W3 A! o: ?% \' _
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
8 s& G& V6 h. k! ~; {, uto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
! L4 f e: O1 Lthese services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
3 ~; X2 w& i# U4 k* _6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
" i; l8 `( @ G8 d, c: Z Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … , H. j9 V6 o3 ~3 \7 f1 ]$ F
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
1 C8 [9 D' ~5 s2 F/ x 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
+ p" c- R0 u, M 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”7 _8 c; c& N" j/ J4 t
6.1.2 attend # D) F5 w9 G5 i( ~7 X J, Z
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
: r0 z) C* {+ \6 Q% m (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 2 N& G) t' ]4 N+ d0 B# `4 U" |
例如: attend to one’s work
* n5 y' |& K8 F3 P2 k. v5 s& F, p (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to) o& M; C$ f0 `, n; E
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to+ M; g, l& ]" Z. i& D. x
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
" H0 a. `8 i$ @* g2 D3 @+ t& Y (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)' f1 g7 ?* K' s1 c2 ]9 z5 p( x
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” ! I. s) |5 W6 N5 h0 ?
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 8 \) ~: v1 i8 e; v& _& b4 r& u9 N
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)- s3 k( \, Z- C; \0 P( _; P( U
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” : ~( d' l" o6 k6 F
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, % b; @+ L' j9 x! d1 T
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
* P* g h2 [- N' d document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” ) d4 ^# g) n" d3 _3 m$ F) s
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
, r* ?8 ~- U+ T% F the customs formalities (海关手续)3 W5 L- }4 t- S1 f
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)0 @3 P; q: }# h& M' i7 i
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:1 u3 O' R C7 I. U
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
' o+ \! a& B+ D! [* b$ I' E- W; J 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些2 d7 K1 T/ U: E
繁杂手续的话…
" u X1 |/ x! o$ U7 x5 z6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 2 E z$ u" S0 m' G* T
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
% ^+ N; W# f; b, r of goods...: h3 t! @7 U' m3 i4 Y
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
2 G5 z3 T5 m w* J5 w3 z _ 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调1 l9 B5 o4 |/ d: T# U" T
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
2 T# S9 J Q* T2 C$ V9 }3 } 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ) z# P2 |" d3 j7 L
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:5 K2 t! `) A, F. l( R! r |
(1) process 名词.
# j6 f& t% s/ M+ O p) B2 { process = series of operations deliberately unertaken3 M6 n6 D: e( `9 z" D8 t. p: t A5 }
例如: distribution process) |: m2 x8 b+ N1 R2 R! l. X
(2) process 动词.' Z7 R z! l4 {( C& S& w
process = to prepare and examine in details
! D+ r* p7 H p# ]- u, O0 F 例如: process the movement of goods
: o0 ~# |5 r ~: t! A* ^4 Z. q0 W$ Z句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
; N; m! k9 r8 g: q! v ... through the various stages involved. / m5 B3 m" J) h7 U+ F5 c
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
: n3 b( }6 @& z% C9 m& j: p 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:$ E* m( C4 ^% m n7 B
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
% s, `' c2 U5 X! L- C; ?, S (2) 包围,笼罩& ~4 ~, a/ s& M7 q% [! |1 b% v; c
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思9 Q+ w1 m: X. E: s% x& r# g
7. 句子: / c3 g, F" e+ B1 P4 N1 z1 O
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through + | @5 z3 i$ c) d9 Z
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:1 A) S$ J& b, c
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
F* o+ d; E$ E8 `1 \& t 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.3 F8 R' N# ]# g8 k& u5 U
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
0 y( S( o) G# z: ]/ n; Q! k) T, v3 c* w 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的+ k6 |' I5 Y, k, v) @3 |" V3 N/ q' H
submarine (潜水艇)
2 [9 h* o6 N* P. d- V subway(地铁)
- R$ H- q( } y- b) R. @, a; E0 j) A 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的' H0 S+ h, w! A
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
: b7 x! O. w2 i 给第三者而签订的合同)
! _7 O; o4 E: {8 l, o1 l* K2 | subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
. S6 G. O: ~& N' j( l4 t6 _1 j subagent 副代理人4 k/ D5 A3 h2 P
subcontinent 次大陆
' M8 N+ E/ _( L subsonic 亚音速/ b4 N0 h, g8 j, Q7 b
subroutine 子程序
# G' E0 }" n. S Q 7.2 关于这个 through :) x l2 R2 C5 _
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
9 A' U3 P) G& o/ ], K; E- g3 p# ? 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of . r% j9 {7 N3 q: R
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)/ T) J2 t( V3 ?% Y. ~, x- i
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
) b R; i; \9 T5 x8 H9 M( S 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, ; P- ]( g2 z. Z- Q4 z( v6 R
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)" r% h: Z2 l) V9 W" Q, ^
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)& {5 Q# X6 `* @: [3 b; h" Y- Z: S
8. 句子:
/ {4 S, d$ Y% I+ P He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
3 {& C# \ p! Q" d, h$ k overseas agents. 在句子中:
2 Z; B# u4 c+ k: V, m" \( d 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词8 f+ I \) v. m3 Y! F
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)3 `& K/ Z: C) k, l2 }: {
其形容词: utilizable 6 N" r$ v$ q% b; C( o; y6 g. c6 u3 V
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
# V$ l- t5 h& b7 J+ Q; Y briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思" B, y @0 \) ?1 K
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