Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
5 ^" N; C0 o* n$ Z! {6 A% y Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
' \4 }1 ?+ Q; `& F. c# h1 S) p( Wdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
, i8 r, c1 @: V" b- A( e% f. Fundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various% B5 K" f3 v: {; C7 E/ w r4 j
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or * E) j/ g5 S' T) G& C% U1 Y3 ?! q, S
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected # f* ?7 M% B6 l2 ]+ b
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, ( P2 Z8 b' w/ W, j6 ] k' g
these services are:5 |* p& T$ O y W! p. k
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
4 ]2 H* D9 C1 [) ^" R6 }+ q6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
- r, g: a& \: z Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
/ f. Y/ T2 a0 E @/ h: Q = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …% N+ q1 L# r. b: k4 Z/ p
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. , z9 c6 \* k, R9 V& z( B/ f5 F
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”7 A9 z: t0 N; J, D+ Y# M( K N
6.1.2 attend + I3 i9 ^8 c% A, g5 ?2 Q
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
) R4 `1 @$ s) w (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 4 h- K" i& q" {5 N) N
例如: attend to one’s work * {# d7 T* ]% M) k9 J( O! R) x- j3 n
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to5 H, s( Z7 f4 O4 I: S/ ]+ l
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to. @3 P4 q1 H* b; k$ t5 f
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
1 \9 r$ j( a, @' l1 H9 a8 B (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)- ^ L- m& G6 D1 p9 {" s5 t8 s
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
( G. d1 u( J' x6 D1 d9 \$ R procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 7 n+ [! @9 z. w$ L1 e: H
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)! \; C% |- l# _$ }" G+ a
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
" S0 O/ T: t3 z' r' L, b documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, % c8 y' Q, y) E1 J8 g \3 t' N# a. y
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
' m t/ q# a$ H9 X3 ?# s7 N0 l8 S document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
/ B# r3 D0 P8 x6 z6 K" { (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
/ w" y9 R6 p$ j# A the customs formalities (海关手续)* U: H# U! @& @- r, G; `" ?( Z
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)4 ]" X$ L4 R/ J' G! h8 ~5 r
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:# g. K; r0 U& M
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. 6 B- z& K- Q2 \7 v
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
- D4 v0 H6 |& _9 {& |$ @ z [ 繁杂手续的话…
. T* J) M' n' `5 }# f c+ Z$ f+ R6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: + S4 O% G. X5 A9 e+ a
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
4 U$ _6 j: n- i8 G& @+ { of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
8 Q8 Y+ G; N. M( s 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调& ?- b5 [) T3 t% ^4 E) O; w) A
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
$ K' W o9 o! d, z* w+ D 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 9 n2 Y& _3 ^0 k+ @
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:% m6 B! L8 R; {. S. N- Z
(1) process 名词.
6 E6 [3 o# }' E process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
$ O, p, E7 p1 D" G# `6 B 例如: distribution process
$ a2 ]* r! |( J' F9 a+ f8 e (2) process 动词.
+ g! ]: W7 z4 i, s9 U. }0 v( n process = to prepare and examine in details
' ]. G3 E" \! P4 u 例如: process the movement of goods) Q. c3 E2 y P6 t4 ~
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:) l2 _' r% K7 a: F7 T# m( q* `
... through the various stages involved. ! ~( ^+ D4 K7 [/ J
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
w* B4 a; e9 N7 Q x( j 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
" L: T6 q: M) l7 M (1) 使...陷入,拖累
: g; ]: z: y8 W; T) l; v (2) 包围,笼罩
1 ?* x. w6 j& n( ]$ d( z% \ (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
2 `( M7 O$ B- g9 e- v! x$ u7. 句子: ; a1 {: w! \$ \& k9 ~, ^
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
+ ]4 @( r5 Q/ f, {. { subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
) V3 |, @1 ~1 v! D. g* h `! D 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
1 l! k2 v' J3 ` w5 r 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
$ n: @0 m- g$ E/ ?9 y) n 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
+ n4 k- F0 r/ b9 e5 n r 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的& o; P* p9 x; n8 m) n
submarine (潜水艇)
7 m; v! C! X4 t' S. [ subway(地铁)
+ i& m% v& f" V 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的- E( u- M9 C7 z% f
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包5 n5 U2 \3 Q6 |. c3 h6 X4 ?
给第三者而签订的合同)
/ ^% z2 L2 }2 a- Z; o! { subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者) ?5 f* a# x' ~% y4 v8 ~+ A
subagent 副代理人
3 c4 `! V+ ], E4 Z+ j subcontinent 次大陆
3 `* T. r$ @& X subsonic 亚音速
! I/ E {4 d/ c1 P7 e6 Q2 N subroutine 子程序
; [5 X) W/ z7 Q" {' a 7.2 关于这个 through :
; R" |) G) L- U S. `/ B 前句中: ... through the various stages involved., x4 t* M/ \7 t! {7 `
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of o6 e$ p' @3 F% Y; @3 q
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程). v4 R9 v; C; S. P! ^ B, I) M
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
[1 F0 B! Y/ i' F9 N* D( y4 ?" Z 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 4 |2 G' A6 w Y, E z, K/ b
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)* N4 x3 x; y2 W! E: ~
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
: b2 K* y' e2 u8. 句子: 8 s+ ^5 S% h9 t/ ?- p
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
" N( e, l. R9 o( ? overseas agents. 在句子中:
: l5 Z. }! C0 ?$ o0 G; x 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
8 R* k9 p4 J8 [9 T 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)% j9 O) P# d9 X$ r- R) A
其形容词: utilizable 3 W: f0 w( F9 e" U9 [7 l) D& {* h- E
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
1 \$ d7 F- [1 x% M6 B briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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