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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance# f6 L- w2 P% v
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
% {9 @- e/ l+ D8 V7 Y 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)0 J' x) L2 H/ a* D# c T7 f
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)+ \; ?1 Q3 A7 N& P& C: u+ y7 d) K0 p
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
) M: `( f) Q2 C t 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
|/ k7 i' [- d! j0 h, q 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险., I; z( M* Y5 J3 U; O
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales- w6 R% a3 g$ D5 H R& s4 d/ g1 d
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
+ d# z2 l9 ^ _( ~& C invoice cost.$ D1 f/ C- V) H; y# w3 Y; k! C
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
( R* c: b8 l1 h+ R# r4 t 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:( F$ a* k7 s t0 B G! }
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 3 Q/ U( u p9 r+ T w
110% of the invoice value& K9 ~5 \ q$ Z6 P
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%/ Q7 p$ L% a: ]
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
( t* z; ]9 } }- A 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词, m. D/ l. r( P, L8 w
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against 7 q0 Y) _3 ] }# D* g0 i' j* h
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
z H$ J/ c/ H3 w& Z 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
0 V7 g, j/ Z5 l8 z. F- n 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
( M" L7 v- ~7 [1 ?( U0 {! S 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,, V: a; u* K d3 j7 p
解释“投保”
/ H; u( o. M& j+ ` 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.* ~& S: w! i6 k0 a
注意3: 其他词汇
2 Y- R( p2 Y% L (1) insurance fund 保险基金3 m; F" m9 N% P! ^: V' c, X: r9 n j
(2) insurance company 保险公司
9 d, A( l6 I2 m3 e# x; z J (3) insurance contract 保险合同/ _0 T; I) G9 C' ]5 H/ Z
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款 x- v6 |, w' |: s
(5) insurance period 保险期限
, p+ W* Q' q5 G' M/ w4 G) @* Z (6) insurance agent 保险代理人; w+ h' O% F8 [) K
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人9 }6 ?* ?0 F3 t# S' f9 X
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
( g N; o* C: E8 k (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
0 L! O7 m7 s% v! t8 R (10) insurance amount 保险金额
- x6 J: p2 [" Y (11) insurance premium 保险费
4 s. ^8 s2 A0 q (12) full insurance 足额保险% o1 A4 w# u# m2 Z; Y5 q" M
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
/ q4 c( w( n( | V0 I- L (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
; x; y+ ]7 {$ K/ Q2 B2 o7 N 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
1 g* {. I0 V7 T* ^0 z (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期3 s7 k2 Z ^3 m5 c# Y5 B: L
(2) valued policy 定值保险单( L6 g& I/ M, b2 J: h4 c6 F0 }
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单
( Y+ s. {# R; r) x2 f. b 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
0 A$ Q1 x$ `9 f! U6 E (1) rate of premium 保险费率( G( M# h# _9 A H( y. B: m5 ~+ e
(2) returns of premium 保险退费- L! X8 A" M) p$ g/ |
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
5 X" x% W( T/ _ I+ G) |6 L 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保), X D, b! D* n0 [
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
' X4 I ]# b" Y* ]# [( ?5 D0 v (损失不在我们承保范围内)
! C/ c$ l% F3 D7 r) M& }2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely 0 H& ], C$ F- X5 s2 w. Z( L
the insurer and the insured.句中:8 Z, _' L% n! Y
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词) P: @& ?9 |* `1 v4 |
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有. d+ g5 ~( O% L1 E0 f! D
以下几种情况:3 @( B7 s/ [% n# f& S/ ?
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外; U. b1 p4 B( k3 ]
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.# r( U" u# _& x8 ?, s
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
8 A, f* c9 X% }7 l7 B0 B" G (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.: P' s8 A& G" y4 \( W$ k8 h
例如: Eve left the room quietly.
2 I! `* k7 p/ D3 e; F4 t: b8 e (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
: b+ ~$ _0 q# k6 Y- G 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.7 Q% Z c. H! |+ C; R
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,% I+ \0 d4 `" _7 N9 H* h
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首$ Y& q' p7 |/ ]) y( G* K; T# ^# r
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
2 w7 J V" s* b1 [/ m" T: y 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
$ U+ v, D$ ^$ L. ^; ~4 @7 \0 A; J 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”+ g( Z- C" F4 J% @& j T! c J" E9 y
' n7 r+ Z% n/ D2 }& A8 K3 Z3. 句子: / y1 I) f0 f8 K0 ~! J X
The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, 9 r8 V H/ K4 b0 K# [9 ^
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
: J! U7 C& v8 H& N& s- r% |+ Z 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
8 H0 _. ^2 L+ F; o5 ^5 L6 \ meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:8 O7 y) m6 `$ j( r- Y. B Y& v1 D
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
3 U9 J' L) O# f& w; \ 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the & S4 C% d3 C$ `2 V* [! |. @
return of the goods.
; J' j3 R g2 Q6 W3 W* P5 y 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
/ G1 m$ Z; r7 ^- m4 u3 f1 v (2) 满足 (需要)
/ L" a5 A# P' i# B2 p 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
" F' o7 j$ `5 _6 g: s! x3 L6 p demand / your request for this type.! l: }; l" `4 \
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
: ^3 k& b6 N# |% e- b3 _! \ 3.2 consequence 后果1 [/ e7 ~! W6 o; }; p. ?
3.3 certain 某个,某种.
, ^ ~/ [3 A8 z 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
6 T. [+ B% L s7 X4 {* p 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)7 t( ~' p3 G' ~, n L/ W. e: o; o
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
) h& i% ]& |3 Y# _6 \7 } 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
9 D3 y1 ~4 v, e+ C m! |8 c% a 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中 g! I: S2 P( m( b3 p( [# n
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” " U8 B- I! f4 W
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
7 a$ ~6 E+ L. }/ H/ g H9 K$ O 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的8 a7 t2 K) P6 N/ ?( \+ m, p
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.% J/ x$ [2 {6 V, N- g6 i
4. 句子:
: m6 D( R5 @% E9 y( A The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial ' p1 k( x% X+ M5 `
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
1 w# q! t6 Y4 d secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得' o) v) T8 C# `9 i; ]0 B; T( c# a
( y& A% k. D# G; b) R5 L 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中0 @8 _. A9 z; @0 w c& s' v
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.8 U% J7 T- m& c/ l, W) B
5. 句子: ) W! J8 _( B9 X, p2 o+ o+ O
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance % O; B5 l6 B+ G& T
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
2 q& ^* P+ ?" \( Y1 o- p owner. @+ t1 \$ v2 e8 T! }* n/ Y2 B, f
我们把句子细拆就明白了:- T# @& @0 M P# k$ S: O4 q
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the 1 f; O% ^- E6 p( g7 S
owner of cargo.
% ~ L8 i& s/ y) l% m! r 保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
( y% _3 ^$ h! ?8 p (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
3 l9 e8 R: f2 c4 B! h representative acting on behalf of the owner. ; ^4 M2 [' _1 O6 e
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
$ ^8 ]& ]0 t- ]4 \& N! z9 g (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
8 ~+ _$ W1 j3 ^+ o6 j+ c$ m owner of cargo.
% Q) x, V! {2 u' y1 r0 W R8 { 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.- Z6 e' Z( J, [' K \
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a # k2 I0 v1 ^; S) G
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
' |) t3 `2 W' e 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
7 w/ I3 |% w$ I) N2 o6. 句子:; \7 C' I6 m$ T4 P
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to : k* y# w2 O+ J( p7 c. G) ?
insure the cargo in transit.
+ m! f7 c* W: l2 w# A6 y5 q 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
. Q: I9 S& l4 a0 p 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的9 O& P( X3 k+ s9 Z$ {
4 I. z1 A" k' M( K: W! U }; m6 _7. 句子:, A4 |, _0 r& _3 {
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
# z5 v1 z3 C- ~4 S1 @! H and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
% b6 g+ E/ Z1 a/ f- e4 V& B or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
7 N! t' H/ ~. w5 B/ [) P$ f+ s when he is handling goods.
0 w) Q0 \1 w: D 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
' n1 L$ C3 B! H it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
? E3 ]' O6 e% e2 C- z 或者 7 p( W. t+ N, B0 C) |1 D
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such 0 T9 B# E7 K( q! J
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
9 f- Y) E' g! x- S 7.1
! }1 k. _+ G/ W it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
! p) _1 T; A0 D. A1 V9 Z- ]5 e1 L = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.% Z+ o' A' b" p$ A) W7 G
/ e* u0 }' I. b. R! @+ y
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
3 _9 w, \. E2 \. C 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,2 l9 S) x: |" @" `' g% s
主语就出来了,即:
5 \& ^7 `, m4 P0 Y 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, - Q, a- P5 A" p
同理,
) t+ }+ P; [2 |$ Z 7.2
+ L! n9 c# X' y it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
{% |2 D. R- X4 A+ y. B8 m0 G instructions or information when he is handling goods. " Q L% ?! f- U/ E
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
! z: q! F; p$ y when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.# x7 \0 F1 A* v
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,- W0 z: E& O$ s
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.% n; c, h1 F; z2 I& {# ?& @
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
9 {( F2 ^5 y. D# M (2) handle的解释通常有:' Q% U6 |$ s1 I1 b9 f6 o) u v
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
0 d8 o4 O/ g# I5 O) ?$ o ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.. ?, L" V# z2 M
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