Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
8 o7 Y, E6 W: p; Z$ Y Z- EFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
3 x% e3 H' J+ P “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
. u$ a, t. U9 Sship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
) T9 A* j" n/ g: B* ?7 M' m& ithat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
3 L% M& {% j: a0 k7 z% K9 ^! I损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 5 w- t4 l- x; S# D7 P7 `0 B
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
" ^' Q& T$ @4 |0 Ponly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
. V6 D0 c0 a9 o }( s' Z- l4 x- u10. 句子:
8 _, Y/ l0 { Q9 B. v- H This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
+ Z- S8 g8 i- _: L6 g# \ damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
) X" c& D: t4 k! j 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.7 }! E$ r7 c% c8 O# A
10.2 from that point* P4 M, I; o/ p6 G- [" x5 f$ w# V
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
1 y( I- ~* W2 [8 a7 ?9 ]2 j V port 港口0 k9 _$ h ?2 P; Z
place 地点
: Q \+ k, n; w5 d8 R( L point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
9 ^- d8 J ~" u9 p0 J8 ~ premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
/ A+ _9 |% R" I, g; v 说明:
& Q. j1 @, A; I( y* T 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
7 F0 m) l8 j* H8 Z2 T5 g: @ 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
6 a* g" ?1 ~3 R! U$ z9 }( d/ | 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他- e- y* s6 S2 |% B% K8 z
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
# I" c- v0 x, P# k6 c 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
, _8 S2 C' Z$ R2 [% X1 } y1 y 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
6 `$ e0 V6 M6 v; T8 G9 f 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
+ `" {* k& i% }9 ^6 r11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. & f: Q1 w e+ L& a, P. q9 _0 @) s0 T
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
. k- o) a/ x; V$ t% Z4 m8 y require sth (of sb),
7 n! d4 P, _" N7 ? require sb to do sth,
; M- |5 Y. [% _2 Q7 w. m require that + 从句,
0 t( b! W8 H5 j1 J" q4 \! P9 m( W! ^12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:& C" j) m0 m% q- b8 b1 \
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
7 Q/ [* c3 a# I. ^7 m3 p/ q Z: F (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
/ y) x0 _- b# N% q( p, g; n3 J% {4 w (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:$ T3 o* P% v) D* ~ e$ p; q
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
" s$ a3 c a: z4 E$ @& H y 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)1 _$ P$ K9 H/ b6 s/ j" ?. g2 z. E6 |6 @
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路" _4 R7 S4 i) _+ ?0 Q
railway: 铁路,铁道# l6 l, e$ L4 A0 Y7 X3 s2 D, U
roadway: 车道* V8 i" o, i# J
highway: 公路,大道' P ~1 ]) I& p; X( P! m/ {, o9 O
subway: 地铁,通道
( S, r; e7 g3 }) _/ f+ z& W airway: 航线 ; z" p! H" T0 w* g
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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