Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
7 Q3 j3 I& J% _5 U; IFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)6 U' i( o: N+ P+ [. v
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
; Z( H2 U8 y$ T8 ?ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
+ a, n5 }' K7 |, _: K% hthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及: l$ T/ D( E c: I* U
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the & {4 p# I4 D3 C! @
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 9 y5 s* \2 h; K0 G+ x
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).) u3 f+ d3 P7 a8 V$ T1 o
10. 句子:; R6 J/ R' v1 \: A6 m" b
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
, G6 D* ^- L& }. l. u damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
0 Y" O1 P, y% X 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担., r# m* u) T, @, k8 s
10.2 from that point
. a- ]! P4 d- j/ K 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
: {( v* D: w: N2 w4 J# j port 港口7 d. k/ V7 w2 K, L7 H3 y/ a
place 地点' L2 x* ^0 c) {8 l+ n2 {# |
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)8 ~2 T8 x4 C, u% l( d. Q' @
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
' _! x/ {! n( P# l 说明: . F/ j3 t v$ z. O0 `1 |3 p
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分8 @; r6 p! W: b- x. j7 B! _$ x" f
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:" T+ L' K/ I5 \, n+ x
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他$ \) O, ? y/ Z# a
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
5 \7 \; h4 N/ {$ I 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的' s, h% W* F$ \6 g
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通0 @. W! Z _+ i) T% ^
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.& ^9 I$ c. J; @$ Y9 `
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. $ {. K, ^# L0 S7 z
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:3 x, w8 t9 | `, ?# p+ `
require sth (of sb),
H u+ j2 B9 S( Y0 ^; T% R require sb to do sth, 6 b$ ]5 | O. E- n% m
require that + 从句,
- J& A$ y! t' H12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:2 a0 P1 z+ A" _( `
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:+ O" @5 F7 e2 \5 v, k+ d
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside0 d% k$ u6 d. u8 {# `0 R
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:" K3 ~; A; \" Y7 w
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
% ~1 h+ b' D2 |2 I5 z 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
: c+ Q9 K6 H. E4 R- Y5 d1 h: _ 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
& v4 S, ?: R% U$ g* C railway: 铁路,铁道. M( b. J7 o. k4 v: U
roadway: 车道8 Q$ m5 w8 U- G8 i8 Y2 @% z
highway: 公路,大道. @" W. G0 p' V3 x4 C8 }: o
subway: 地铁,通道
" w5 J" ~% t" v/ }# p airway: 航线
9 z/ g1 ? r+ a' P 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?# r2 B$ ^8 y) O
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