Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms8 Q: b. S- t+ l5 ^! v
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
$ u% M9 t O3 L: r( Q# Z “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the & [5 v( i# M4 [' S" |" Q3 b
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
3 W) q% A7 @$ P3 O$ Jthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
9 n8 A6 l2 i1 V( i! G损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
0 G' |; h: \2 X2 j# p; Z: Lseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 8 E: f `$ R4 M8 F7 b% U
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).: |( [0 a3 q7 L% N
10. 句子:
) f2 Q8 p0 l) q1 U& a This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
, S! S9 ^; A: H+ N8 V1 o5 p damage to the goods from that point. 句中:& f; n! |$ \) C& w3 \- p( J+ W9 D, H
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
, h+ w$ l& f* f* u, [4 s c/ J 10.2 from that point; y: X& N* p' F, I
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:& E2 S- Q# n" P9 x5 B8 O+ e; R9 U5 G
port 港口
) y& W# E" k1 @+ U% q; s3 ] place 地点% J1 X" j e7 `
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
" P, ?8 ]' @; l3 ]2 ]" m' f premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
8 T8 h9 w8 R( X* @. V& ], B) `* V 说明: 9 E& w- z) x/ ]) Y
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分4 t- L8 b, k+ x; ]2 q
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
2 a w2 u; r! x/ @ 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
; ~/ z4 M5 v7 ]' {3 n, X 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的7 D! t7 [7 M* D$ F
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
' Y! T) N, K" Y% I" i' d 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通, I8 E1 x5 Y$ X. ?
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
# v7 w# e! z7 c) ~6 M' A- {9 I/ |* j11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 0 m6 [( G* M2 G' x$ o
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
2 A2 C& D4 @0 W$ ~& s$ x" S% U require sth (of sb), . y0 A' C7 }0 H9 u
require sb to do sth,
/ m3 i. x8 E0 v require that + 从句, ) n ~0 h" `8 [( G% C' E
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:: K& G$ u. m8 z: {3 W
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
6 V; ]2 j7 ~+ j7 l" X% O q (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside) l0 g1 |! a3 i& N8 |+ X* Z8 v
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
& m7 v. T/ w2 _* K0 H: L) ] 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)) F5 `/ }& r) t5 L+ D, h
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易): }; u# j% T9 P( V# G: e2 [
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路- [: U& }$ ?$ ?! b* X, {$ v
railway: 铁路,铁道! E; r2 i$ f) @2 D5 F: g3 T
roadway: 车道
3 j. z' |$ C- L3 _ highway: 公路,大道/ j* q8 K3 Y% h. @9 J- E
subway: 地铁,通道+ x6 O7 F, l" T' N* O \' F% M3 k
airway: 航线 " o8 c* B, ^2 R" S- {* b) L! f
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
$ N# i0 g1 N ?' S) O8 v( V7 A |