Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
( ]8 }) ~+ ~) l4 wFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
. D ]" z+ I3 n& c7 L “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
. r" r8 R. a! v. gship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
; |1 R" H# e0 ~! x* |* f& H! Athat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及9 G; H! ^& @; v' t4 _
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the / J- C! `* ?$ _; h0 {. L% o4 p
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
" Y1 u6 Q8 S7 u) X* Conly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输)." b3 t; D2 k2 S. {
10. 句子:9 N6 Q, J. `( w- G
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or ! `0 }; o3 Y5 o s) d$ i
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
9 L3 j9 t1 u" H F; Y& Q' Y4 S 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
, @3 y* E) F$ U' C% I2 \( `: ^ 10.2 from that point
: e/ T' j; c& G y0 ] 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
7 E& B+ X9 C5 B4 } } port 港口% y! y# A) _# y& h$ {9 a+ K
place 地点2 A1 c* t7 f7 l" F% Z& ~, `9 S+ X
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”). j; ] U+ R" u5 T& c- C1 w8 y
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)7 ^& |) J0 t6 E* a
说明: " A4 Q. D2 t3 U0 \& E' O; J
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
1 B {9 h0 n6 ?& G 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
4 V$ R& i# r$ t 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他, [0 I: z% W6 Y7 Y7 \2 Y, s
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
& d1 p0 L) ~1 S. L$ I; o7 |; n 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
6 p/ R! X0 `1 {4 i 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通 V( \2 }$ _- K9 E
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.! L% ~( f( K% R0 y' d! E
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 7 D# C& M, a* _/ x7 h
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:% _: b* f9 w' { H' k
require sth (of sb), . y: m$ H$ W4 J: `+ H# {% {
require sb to do sth, & m( s* U& K; ~$ T4 L r
require that + 从句, " `/ e* l6 n; e, X. z+ g
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:, Y6 c Z, W1 h
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
F6 G* [/ V& r9 l6 A (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
9 K* V; |3 z/ t8 i3 \9 f6 h4 g5 ] (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:8 {/ L5 k u: f+ o
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)- B1 F! Z! W5 {3 h2 i, Z
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)4 v/ K2 P, |; _( _( S
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
2 |+ Z* L( H0 }( x7 W railway: 铁路,铁道
! t! K5 s0 p0 b+ d5 z roadway: 车道
( j4 i! K8 c* J6 K9 f. t0 ~/ N highway: 公路,大道
# S4 |0 ?* e9 c J; o ] subway: 地铁,通道
) [5 L V8 h9 r6 V) w airway: 航线 ! H8 S7 u: j( ?* i
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
; B/ P' |4 [' n |