|
|
Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
7 {6 S( c# B% Q+ ?4 Y5 CFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
7 F& V4 [& N ~$ K “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
% x! U2 S ] @/ H3 Wship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means ; O* [( P6 n+ K' [5 [: }4 H
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
$ S* h P" P& F4 \ Q6 O C损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 1 J! y. _3 d$ ?% n
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
) f( K: k* [7 `( B8 }% C4 O0 Eonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
. |. A% w) g5 r4 N4 }6 f/ @# a10. 句子:
+ X( l4 e: O3 ^9 Z' L- K+ C7 \ This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or ' N- X1 U- Q' o) r
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:0 P, c( c4 Y+ b+ O
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.5 I2 y/ R/ q: c+ C8 _# K
10.2 from that point
3 p$ T1 b" k$ l 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
' {- F* n. X8 T/ a1 S, t p; Q2 p port 港口. U& I$ w; W& m- R. _; L7 s2 |
place 地点
. Z/ P. x" b, Y point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”); C4 N# _, J/ L$ [* R: `2 I
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)8 Y& w- Q. K- ~/ A0 z- B/ c
说明: ( C4 g! o1 z1 _0 b
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分* b7 H9 l# v' T9 C5 f
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
& f L' |3 h6 t- w 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他* R F7 m% z5 q# ?
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的9 a) n( @1 }2 ?) a
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的- ^- @3 H- D$ \+ p" O
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通: M J! B; a" @+ a' n( ~" |+ T
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
7 J6 k# f9 H8 S2 t2 [: W; T+ u1 e11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. ! Z6 w- g p& f; I
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
" j% D9 H4 \: t+ s5 U7 g1 P! B require sth (of sb), ! [* G) ~, B% }4 x' r6 x9 E
require sb to do sth,
% h5 ]8 G6 _6 S* P* M* a* c1 N require that + 从句,
; ^9 g1 X9 s) @' V5 o12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
b: ], u( z+ Y0 L+ f) _6 R 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:# k( H& y( M: z) H# j6 G5 |
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
" S1 ?2 ~ u% A( z9 j/ I& K4 P/ _ (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:( S0 d2 Y9 M5 i9 h3 Z* U Z: l
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)( d' w+ A* ^# h& }. f; ~9 N
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)3 R8 J* L2 c) d2 F9 c
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
% ~+ J7 C+ l7 e& {( G8 ` railway: 铁路,铁道( X; v" O! K- L) r( }
roadway: 车道
1 h9 Z2 G- g4 L4 Q+ H1 j( n highway: 公路,大道1 x# H2 i% d" m7 X7 O* l
subway: 地铁,通道/ z5 B0 f8 x$ Z) q, L
airway: 航线
+ h- ?& F2 a1 f7 \ 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
" z5 E7 v4 h/ S9 H% j- h' g3 B; U$ c |
|