Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
5 N7 @ H& i s2 P/ g Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and5 B4 |$ G7 O( j2 N- R
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
$ a. d6 C" Y- u2 v$ Kundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
2 ^; m; I, j1 j# Jstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or % {/ c) v4 G& @& W2 s3 P+ u0 D
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
# y5 J- q' W) E2 Y5 \8 \6 J. s" ?to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
( t2 {/ j' `6 E* }. @5 G3 Uthese services are:2 j, C; q, }% c( _/ Y- P% M$ H
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.4 f5 V, j$ f! Q; T. O3 V$ p+ Z
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
1 X: J0 F- d9 }6 }: y, b Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
* o& O4 M" H9 y# {( w8 v = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
9 q# [2 |9 Y& K% Y 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. 2 Y8 g% {+ Q5 k- [
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
8 B/ O7 u& V! f" i/ o2 J4 s 6.1.2 attend
, L. ?% w' a3 s/ t# y7 o (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
. s' T, V$ h/ d/ C (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
# N; i3 A4 X6 m& F: ` 例如: attend to one’s work
* r0 b3 @* _; h8 `4 a% t% H9 i# W2 h (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
- q" A2 p5 @: I U9 A% S (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
. x/ @/ C; z) h& K 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
; n, y5 Q" D8 W: \! M( X' @5 P- R (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
; i+ }2 ]% h+ ]9 t procedural 形容词, “程序上的” ! l4 [) l6 f* a6 N
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” # _) y* I) Z) p. y- G! I, X
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
8 N5 P+ W! ?) x" x! t documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ! R4 o* g' R" l+ J) k
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
/ C& S) ]6 v5 r! Z: e 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)2 G p8 X# G1 c( @7 A. ]
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 1 w. I) X4 V0 s. p2 Z
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)& @# `$ J" a8 V4 E4 \3 U
the customs formalities (海关手续)
# m. n1 ~$ C2 H" s& @: d go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
0 k, c8 g" H" f9 I) Y+ x8 n2 R/ N句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
: C' V! k5 G/ _ V, D 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
! A. X* _. |6 ^( L 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些" Z0 Y- Y: z# g+ ~% S. p( e
繁杂手续的话…
' Z& Y' \5 @3 ?0 s, O, w6 B6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
1 c3 k- _' G. C! J- F: D ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
3 ?) i) q5 y0 ^ of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
- _5 S' m0 e/ t/ x; x) T 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
$ m2 Y7 r. B9 R: m" q$ I: A the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
( [0 b4 t- t5 L% Q1 Z- c9 s1 b 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
' m6 P" f" G7 ?0 S/ D, L) T9 m3 M 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:; g7 O4 ^8 p6 P5 V2 \- S) p, r
(1) process 名词. # R) Z: `, v5 p* J2 O
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
! i9 o* H. ?; N$ g 例如: distribution process0 A3 r, M3 s- L7 D$ `+ a3 ~9 v
(2) process 动词.
% ~1 S7 g+ M: Z' g% c! l$ M) f process = to prepare and examine in details6 Q) P+ U% W: E$ g* J. t( @
例如: process the movement of goods
6 H$ R* R! p% |1 f0 D句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:' O9 l8 O6 {0 u
... through the various stages involved. : O* m1 Y* |& G* @1 e
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
" l i9 V& t/ u9 M. h6 Y 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
# O: V/ u% D( u (1) 使...陷入,拖累$ W) c. o. f5 [% P
(2) 包围,笼罩0 m6 l6 `, h6 H: B% @& b3 f7 M
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思" x3 j3 M* r7 O0 U4 l& R
7. 句子: 6 C+ v; ]4 n4 h/ Z* O$ A$ z
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through + e! c: X! o7 x3 E
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:/ o- f0 n- f+ L5 r5 e
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
) D" \, M2 n N J 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人. h: s2 P( R r0 t2 M$ w& }8 F" r
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
7 d* T, v+ u5 g4 C% L 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的: T, l1 C1 S3 m$ I7 M1 D) D
submarine (潜水艇)
' H6 H% z1 |% a/ l subway(地铁)
5 D! n, r. B i& U5 G7 k* ~ 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的1 B! A0 o& i, {$ G) p
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包- N0 v- J# F8 C! B- i: R6 j, t
给第三者而签订的合同)5 \) v' y4 Q& ]! Z* @
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
D( e1 y, }" U& @ subagent 副代理人" E5 ^* a. m! ^3 q/ P% p
subcontinent 次大陆
" |$ o5 }4 |2 { subsonic 亚音速
; b8 j5 f; `- l# ^ subroutine 子程序
8 F# ~4 k9 c+ f) w$ d 7.2 关于这个 through :' J& _- G' w2 n
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.! V0 \2 W @$ q0 R/ k0 _
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
1 D- e C3 y+ o; H+ ?* m "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)# _/ r+ ^, d' A4 z3 q3 j
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.3 n2 d7 e, w$ s) c! N1 A/ o J
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
+ K k4 _4 r. l, u: E9 u through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段) h5 s7 e% Q& a! N5 F8 ^
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)) j6 T. a2 J& {
8. 句子: : Y' K9 n5 \$ K
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ; [1 D7 j- O U4 b
overseas agents. 在句子中:6 Y9 `0 R& n- @5 u( {6 S4 G! ]
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
, U; N* ~5 P7 E 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)% L7 c9 n& Y' M) `% r+ o( C
其形容词: utilizable ' w. p: E2 M$ U" G0 G9 ~% e3 V* @
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
" F5 C2 @# y6 H briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思$ I$ C& z6 \1 \ v( R
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