Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
3 n1 p5 m) s8 z+ U" p Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and6 @; W% j: E1 z/ k( ]
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who : P. I7 I' M3 Q3 H2 k7 |5 N
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various0 ^4 Y: Q* Z3 _& ?3 Y3 ?
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
3 Q8 x+ _1 m7 p$ Jthrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 2 M1 |1 q5 P' L" l+ C% C
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
( c/ l0 w% G d8 wthese services are:3 B/ y/ L- M: ~
a6 g2 c- O0 D# T课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
' C- b) W' k Y- V6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 2 l9 h! k5 b" Z
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
; |; A+ k0 m& [! M = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
# D* K$ a9 D' i% y8 T 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. ! F$ ~$ v" [( j1 T0 K
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
7 a, x; k5 j8 Y0 x 6.1.2 attend 4 B4 M' |' Y2 R6 A4 @7 v
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 4 N* ]2 f6 N& Z; I2 d
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
& F0 Q; g, a/ ]' e 例如: attend to one’s work ) C# Q7 y3 \* ]( b9 l/ `+ {
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
$ S0 H% q) B% ]' j0 b/ Q (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to" i' h Y. s" g
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities+ h" n( X C6 I4 Z
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)" B* ^( \" q# O5 h9 ~
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” , P9 b1 f5 ~# i; x s
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
* r" i0 O# a& }/ x5 L (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)+ M, h2 m2 p; A* u' Z
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” 8 V4 V$ h; X$ j9 a9 }
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ' b" F6 [; v9 C# I( T; M3 n' b
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)' X0 j: P3 D: i9 f/ z) }& M
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” & @3 f9 I3 D0 _% ?9 M M2 t5 W; ?% n4 |
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)6 i, p8 p, @ z- ?6 I
the customs formalities (海关手续)" I( I& I8 q, x
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
6 ~. h$ x* b0 N% c! L句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:0 u7 ~; {3 `: R2 g2 B/ d
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
. ?+ b$ ]0 r- j! |+ S6 P 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
( R2 I$ L6 m, S$ b* O7 p1 U 繁杂手续的话…
4 I b1 S+ V+ {( f( v/ K$ ^' C5 Q6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: . E! |. @0 A& w4 L' A: m' S" C
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
, Z% _- i* w- z+ t of goods.../ P; j2 u) c( w$ @5 O. r" Q
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
$ c9 v" X) K$ e5 O! u6 @ 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
, z# i& \' }9 h( ]3 E9 ^; ]& Z- e the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
/ M3 h% s, G" @5 Y+ r& A 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ' S1 e+ p- }2 q! x! U5 o7 B
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
1 |, M S. i4 K/ l# k6 W (1) process 名词.
' g/ ?0 E. H; @$ r process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
& B& |) o( x$ x) g 例如: distribution process
% h+ z4 l' d- e8 @# H- M (2) process 动词.6 O+ \- V l# g
process = to prepare and examine in details( X& z$ D, Q) A5 @
例如: process the movement of goods. _1 X4 g9 a/ j" H( Z: y' K, N
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有: k( R- H! ~& v) F Y' c4 d( W0 u
... through the various stages involved. : k3 K' Q: o. G/ ]
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action. K$ O1 n+ R& q6 b+ ^6 Q
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
" {8 K# E4 C5 F6 `+ f (1) 使...陷入,拖累
k u' `: w3 q, T$ o, d/ [5 F (2) 包围,笼罩
5 X: z1 a3 A; A9 Q& A& m (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
3 T! E/ Y/ I% \% P+ a; _7. 句子:
' J% }# J9 ~0 t The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 5 g) B0 o) b6 d* j
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
7 S8 I4 x" l2 l1 [& }$ A( q 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:) s, U ^' p- j
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
5 V/ n9 [% _5 d3 j 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思! ~) p4 p* ?' ^
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的7 x5 l; d4 l9 ^2 ]( G' [9 B
submarine (潜水艇) s0 E$ Q+ f3 W ~+ U' R
subway(地铁)9 @% e$ w( I- J
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
# m" z0 ~4 }- c& B8 v8 y7 U) k0 r subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包4 s% _9 h9 T, h2 R2 ~
给第三者而签订的合同)7 C) R# u6 @* A1 w- b# n
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者5 s3 W- R. s* k* M# i9 ]7 w# K
subagent 副代理人
4 u* B, ^6 t$ a, }- n8 I) l. p4 ]/ U! m subcontinent 次大陆 / K/ m+ S) h1 e! R5 e3 x7 p
subsonic 亚音速; ]( Q a: E/ O* S$ y
subroutine 子程序
% U/ s. R" j+ {+ P% q 7.2 关于这个 through :/ {4 d. |# W* G1 O7 ]/ W9 O0 X
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
1 B1 @' c- l# P! R% z 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
) Z" L# n4 d: V: c2 P5 E "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
' G' l0 P; Z: Y! i. \$ q 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.5 p' `2 X! a/ y' H0 d
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
0 Q( o% q, h t/ F1 f through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)7 X: v" ~! ?& Z3 j6 K
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
3 y( G+ ^- N+ K4 k$ z$ b/ H8. 句子:
) {8 F8 x1 B c8 N. R He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his , A1 A7 M7 T3 A
overseas agents. 在句子中:
# o8 R# W2 w5 G5 H' ?9 Y! x 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词: N5 F$ f" P2 K7 q0 y
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)* T% o8 v$ }( h8 ]2 u0 F1 `2 P' X* s
其形容词: utilizable
6 x( A. F& O/ Q$ u9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:" |5 @' v1 W8 s; p
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思- r( s* s0 |* L# N. e
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