Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
' V9 m; N+ Q$ ~% `1 Q+ O Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and# t5 K/ u0 D6 j4 Y) b7 J
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
0 z: ~8 ~. b9 x* P: M7 q' `undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
. E- T& w2 E; x4 t* g4 R3 e# Ostages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or : ^5 o, m5 `/ h8 I0 I: f- n
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected : w, ?* j9 S' J9 ]
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 1 i; q x+ b8 w- o: r
these services are:: `8 L$ C r+ J8 H" F6 e4 \
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
4 ]- A4 v- n8 ~6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: # H% T# ?! e. N S( q; m
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … ; ~6 t' H9 o8 N
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
8 L X! P7 X' z" U4 E 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
, \, d2 x( B) b3 O$ H* A2 E; \9 h 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
7 P) V3 d$ p" T 6.1.2 attend ; g: b _8 t: L' f" r4 |, n4 ]
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting * Y1 B y+ P- r- e8 p7 t9 y) G& l
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
+ ?& a8 J4 f: K- `% L1 n 例如: attend to one’s work
! }# s, y5 y* q$ Y j. \ (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
% o7 [0 q8 \1 F& ?$ G (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to8 y$ M! T' f# x, \
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
e; G+ N! M3 ? (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)+ c" q5 B; g/ H1 r: A" k! P
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
" @$ k7 X/ U9 @' T# Y/ d/ u procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 5 S9 S" Q2 {3 d, Y- |
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
0 r' H1 s' Z- S documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
) E0 c# p) [' L1 x0 k% c documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, . Q) [" B$ O/ e" ]
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票); X( R6 K& t* H7 z$ }- S; Q6 _$ j
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
% G4 H4 u/ `3 ]% F3 w: \ (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
$ I0 _* B- f7 i8 c6 l the customs formalities (海关手续). t0 z, i4 U, D0 z) `1 E. z5 ?9 z
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
; |' v3 r. X/ E2 x1 z句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 D5 Q! p* _4 p9 r+ n& l- T 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. & c! k U U" y1 i7 y
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些& w* Q( J0 n( z+ ~# Z4 @8 x
繁杂手续的话…
. J/ y, i9 F$ G6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
3 r9 r4 O) I+ v/ Z, |# T ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement % q% K- F0 P' v1 f) c
of goods...' W0 D1 ^" Z) Z2 l3 U
2 C" j& I% E; W 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
+ I& W. k8 ]# c, _( [7 ?% f 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调; H% E, Z& [9 d/ M( J
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”" C; I! g n1 N& C/ A, L
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ' _9 `( i2 f: M6 n2 T3 R( D8 S# U
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:. l3 o( O3 J' u2 i; [
(1) process 名词. + P0 P5 ?/ a) K' E+ ]
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
1 r# X& c7 b( }$ Q1 ]$ u- c 例如: distribution process2 T ?% ]8 U" L. T# a
(2) process 动词.
* y8 L0 |. Q: G* l6 D process = to prepare and examine in details
. J2 K( t+ N! A# H 例如: process the movement of goods' B( e# `& h) n' X$ \
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:+ M) ^8 c" Y5 m) i ~1 \/ `
... through the various stages involved. 5 X0 t' J8 ~1 `. A1 \
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action M B9 U L* m; q0 {
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:; ^! i, @+ G" U$ A
(1) 使...陷入,拖累1 U5 I2 F, l" J& u# n- R; g* a
(2) 包围,笼罩
* n# u4 D, t* j. |8 D( B (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思" t/ S4 f/ o2 J* \# w, l2 g' |- Q
7. 句子:
1 j$ _' W$ T9 \ Y) U5 L! e6 h The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through # Q" V# ]1 ]9 ^. ?: b( \7 M- W
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:& ?" n6 m' r6 Y/ f' f8 s
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:, ?' M) t7 U: K
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.% U2 E0 Z( t5 @! [$ Z3 }) T6 h
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思. b: P! h! i% ~/ T f1 F
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的# n2 L4 M# @4 Z% I2 E) h2 z, Q
submarine (潜水艇)
7 O/ R, ~4 l% ^; ` H: X) K* i/ @ S subway(地铁)6 d' A' ]$ i$ s3 l- _& d7 V
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的& f. k- v% P, e {
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包# m# F/ Q& a% a X: [
给第三者而签订的合同)% c, y" k# g6 d' \
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
- Y" R; m" h* P+ Z0 d subagent 副代理人+ A% {+ N4 g+ ^" |! i9 Y6 Q4 W
subcontinent 次大陆 $ _0 W) w& ^' c! {
subsonic 亚音速
7 c" E# `0 A! A; z6 e4 ~2 I$ K/ I _ subroutine 子程序
$ f! J/ p0 t i. s 7.2 关于这个 through :% n: Z7 ^7 n. K# a- j
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.1 B4 \3 v+ X2 }8 e$ G) `
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
: G" I0 `+ i7 b \# H5 } "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
1 A6 O+ F. X& h6 ~ 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
' V5 U# n* X" n, O 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, ( w/ o# n1 E' \# w: q8 F7 U4 a+ O
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
. s* [1 q* w: t$ \ s1 c% v through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)) I8 ]/ {0 a( R
8. 句子:
, \3 q/ Y, y |4 Z+ \" n He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his . {* I+ |% ^/ B$ A" ~. D$ x
overseas agents. 在句子中:
9 A- R' j' [8 L 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
- L% V: L: I! o( T, s 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)# V2 y6 ~6 H9 P7 I
其形容词: utilizable * m8 U1 I Y9 B( q
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
) X. a1 [& j/ Q6 g% l briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思 ^4 i7 G E; e: G5 F) o& ^
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