Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services: T/ c! @+ f! |6 o1 p6 `5 {6 r
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and) {' x0 H0 F" l
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
" f/ T& q4 P2 {% k8 Z2 h/ uundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various8 c9 }9 k) S9 j) c
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or ( F! z" G. i1 M8 h
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected * e) W, ?+ s. L+ w, @# E
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
9 l- T4 r9 ~6 ?! G7 Vthese services are:
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# `" J" r% V& L: S P课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
8 J9 ^( I0 a0 P) Y4 f8 R- q6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
# t) b+ M3 D: t' J. t6 ?" \; ` Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … 2 `6 n- Y* E, O8 f% T9 Z0 o4 ]
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
( Z& n9 @- k6 h) f8 _ 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
, Z; V. L& }6 J" O7 o7 ?, {/ {0 [ 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
8 g: n1 a3 ]2 s( M' G7 f% h2 o* C 6.1.2 attend ! i, \, f" H" s/ E9 i% q
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 4 ?$ \7 b* d( |& q* p
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
0 Q* j& c( g; s# F& D4 J 例如: attend to one’s work
- V# E1 \2 G% y3 d; ^ (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
/ D" f. n! z( \. N (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to; ^3 b2 i- u# ] M, [3 k) a& A
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities2 n" v' H3 M% E& `) ~9 n+ j
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续). S: A' K/ m# r6 t. E% {% [+ f( I
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” ' a2 S2 v: E7 T) V7 C9 y
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 7 o* B# Y% K4 X- u0 W& e3 h
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)9 [" _( N9 E+ Y
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” 1 e X, {3 b* a
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, : C( s2 d$ E- J+ ^1 w( H$ g
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
% @# Z+ s- C. d document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
4 u6 d2 p1 b; Y# O5 ^1 s4 K1 P (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)7 L# ]+ u g/ |$ J
the customs formalities (海关手续); w" n9 S) \: M" ?
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
( Q# a. f1 G" K5 A句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
" l( n0 b+ S1 Z6 ^8 } 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
1 w# [' M F9 B. O, z 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些; P& t( N/ [2 X% t( u* J
繁杂手续的话…
5 j% [# y. M- Y& V3 d1 F6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
4 u& t+ z, Y9 m _ ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
! v! o9 O `! i! q/ v, v# f1 Y of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构* N2 E& r# h4 {) ^2 x
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调" T3 \8 R6 n, {& C# @+ v! b
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”5 K6 l2 W- k3 Z& }: V8 r$ N! q
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. , Y6 a" X& z, {' J9 } o Z: t
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
% a X/ Q: a5 y! y/ b" F (1) process 名词. & y3 B1 j2 p& Q3 e: u
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
. ?2 |; g9 p8 U8 R/ m; U8 h1 C; R% O 例如: distribution process
8 d- b3 B' }9 D2 @4 I+ I, X (2) process 动词.- i# |) m6 [$ C' I) h
process = to prepare and examine in details/ F8 n$ Q- p* u3 [9 V3 n% }4 y' S
例如: process the movement of goods
9 w# |: N# e$ S4 q8 v- V句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
0 }; R/ e/ q! J1 \( | ... through the various stages involved. / ^ W6 U! V( S O& U. o
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
- H2 j3 L+ m' H5 y2 p 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:$ [% u @ D! W x
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
/ h7 t& o6 D6 r/ p (2) 包围,笼罩
4 I* q5 P- X" D" a (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
- l0 ]2 ~: m& R, T7. 句子:
$ w. `% R+ H+ N The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through , S* {- L/ e) F' I' A
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
" m! d0 G' W6 L O% A 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
' j8 B9 ^& f" p! d3 B 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
: s7 N% \2 ]5 h 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思1 W5 S6 ?0 M H; @6 E' D
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的/ [- z( L2 Z; k% P) [( u( J1 B& S
submarine (潜水艇)
' Y2 U) f, _5 B# U" q9 Y" J/ H subway(地铁)
6 \& j, M6 J* d) e 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
7 ?+ ?! F# a% | subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
: U3 Y% r1 e' k1 s6 \+ T* S6 H 给第三者而签订的合同), n1 \) `/ _1 b# H
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
( F; R- t7 s* o$ u- d# r subagent 副代理人
8 \. S1 b4 G9 }- S0 T subcontinent 次大陆 * i e4 ^( d! U9 ]* P- D
subsonic 亚音速
, n& }' ` b/ X4 B. y P subroutine 子程序 % d. g: j+ C3 }5 C3 w
7.2 关于这个 through :' W& U2 H2 e/ c% y
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.* Z7 }$ K; _2 _
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
$ X6 J( k5 n; @0 R8 I' s' @ "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)" z* F7 v$ _' z6 |: J) P* j( ?
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
% A" d$ e% i( m+ f% w 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 7 y/ U# O6 C6 u4 Z
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)2 C, b- w, O. s8 y m. s$ E& K' h
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)9 {( j( l. w* y( R3 p
8. 句子:
8 ?" L$ m" P" |8 r2 ]2 b He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
4 \9 R2 Y" `! x0 ~ overseas agents. 在句子中:. U/ p) U; g. r0 F0 t( l2 f
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
. \) i: P: K' l7 B 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)6 z% `2 K. J3 I/ k: E
其形容词: utilizable
( u2 s4 T2 \, U0 y: N9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:, S3 A- t, V2 G0 g5 c
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思6 Y( O/ N# \) A2 H! X
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